ANTIBIOTICS

K GOPI
 ANTIBIOTICS
• Work by selective toxicity
• Interfere with the metabolism/
function of pathogen with
minimal damage to the host
• First modern antibiotic- penicilin
1928 from Penicillium mould
• Penicillin still used until today
• But not for all infections
• Antibiotic development
 ANTIBIOTIC ACTION
• Antimetabolites-interupt metabolic
patways: sulphonamides
• Lysis & halt the cell wall cross linking:
beta-lactams-penicilin & glycopeptides
• Damage the cell membrane-penicilins &
cephalosporins
• Protein synthesis inhibitor-tetracyclines
&cholamphenicol
• DNA gyrase inhibitors- stop bacterial
DNA coiling & the DNA will not be fit in the
bacterium: quinolone
 EFFECTS OF
ANTIBIOTIC
• Bacteriostatic
• Bacteriocidal
 BACTERIOSTATIC
• Inhibits the growth of
microorganism
• Everyday infections
• Combined with the immunity
system
• Pathogens will be completely
destroyed
 BACTERIOCIDAL
• Destroy almost all the
pathogen present
• Severe & dangerous
infections
• Treating infections in
immunosuppressed patients
• Transplant surgery, TB, AIDS
 ANTIBIOTIC ACTIONS
• Broad spectrum
• Narrow spectrum
 BROAD SPECTRUM

• Destroys a wide range of

harmful bacteria,
pathogens, neutral and
good bacteria alike
 NARROW SPECTRUM

• Targets one or two

specific pathogens
THANK YOU