Example 1: Thickness of a metal plate

Thickness
d0.001 (mm)

Manual Calculations

(di dmean)2

d1

3.087

Mean

mm

d2

3.156

Std. deviation

mm

d3

3.095

Std error

mm

d4

3.209

d5

3.131

d6

3.052

d7

3.034

d8

3.115

d9

3.044

AVERAGE()

mm

d10

3.080

STDEV()

mm

Sum

Excel Formula

Example 1: Thickness of a metal plate

Thickness
d0.001 (mm)

Manual Calculations

(di dmean)2

d1

3.087

0.00017689

Mean

d2

3.156

0.00310249

Std. deviation

0.0543569478 mm

d3

3.095

0.00002809

Std error

0.0171891762 mm

d4

3.209

0.01181569

d5

3.131

0.00094249

d6

3.052

0.00233289

d7

3.034

0.00439569

d8

3.115

0.00021609

d9

3.044

0.00316969

AVERAGE()

d10

3.080

0.00041209

STDEV()

Sum

31.0030

0.02659210

3.10030 mm

Excel Formula
3.10030 mm
0.0543569478 mm

Example 2: Area of a rectangular plate

Length

Width

L0.01 (cm)

W0.01 (cm)

Calculation of lengths and widths

L

#1

Mean

cm

#2

Std. deviation

cm

#3

Std. error

cm

#4
#5
#6
#7

Calculations of area

#8
Area

cm2

Uncertainty

cm2

Example 2: Area of a rectangular plate

Length

Width

Calculation of lengths and widths

L0.01 (cm)

W0.01 (cm)

#1

24.26

50.36

Mean

#2

24.23

50.35

#3

24.22

50.38

#4

24.25

50.41

#5

24.28

50.36

#6

24.26

50.39

#7

24.24

50.37

#8

24.23

50.32

24.24625

50.3675

cm

Std. deviation

0.0199553072

0.0271240536

cm

Std. error

0.0070552665

0.0095898011

cm

Calculations of area
Area
Uncertainty

1221.222996875

cm2

0.4246669364

cm2

Example3: Acceleration of gravity

xi

yi

Length

Period

0.1 (cm)

T0.001 (s)

#1

57.3

1.527

#2

61.1

1.558

#3

73.2

1.737

#4

83.7

1.852

#5

95.0

1.963

T2

LINEST()
m

r2

Best estimated (g)

cm/s2

Uncertainty (g)

cm/s2

ybest

Example3: Acceleration of gravity

xi

yi

ybest

Length

Period

0.1 (cm)

T0.001 (s)

T2

#1

57.3

1.527

2.331729

2.317928

#2

61.1

1.558

2.427364

2.475274

#3

73.2

1.737

3.017169

2.976297

#4

83.7

1.852

3.429904

3.411069

#5

95.0

1.963

3.853369

3.878967

LINEST()
m

0.0414068743 -0.0546861129

0.0013249334

0.099864177

r2

0.9969378073

0.041498386

Best estimated (g)

953.426653022 cm/s2

Uncertainty (g)

30.5076591691 cm/s2

Period squared T2 (s2)

Simple Pendulum (T2 versus )

4.5

3.5

2.5

Data
points

1.5

0.5

0
50.0

55.0

60.0

65.0

70.0

75.0

80.0

Length (cm)

85.0

90.0

95.0

100.0