Dai Tuong Vo Nguyen Giap Thoi Tre

^=^ ng Hong Hi ^=^
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Cun sch ny l mt cch th hin s knh trng ca ti vi i tng.
i Tng V Nguyn Gip thi tr

Chng I: Qu hng, gia nh v tui th .............................................................. 2
Ngy sinh ...................................................................................................................... 2
Gia nh ......................................................................................................................... 3
Qu hng.................................................................................................................... 6
Nhng nm thng hc tp........................................................................................... 8
Chng II: Tui thiu nin......................................................................................... 10
Bn b cng ch hng ............................................................................................. 10
Gp li bi v nm xa.............................................................................................. 11
Truy iu c Phan Chu Trinh .................................................................................... 16
Vo Nguyen Giap .......................................................................................................... 24
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. ............................................................. 24
Biography .................................................................................................................... 25
External links .......................................................................................................... 28
An Officer and a Gentleman:......................................................................................... 28
General Vo Nguyen Giap as Military Man and Poet .................................................. 28
On the battle of Dien Bien Phu:............................................................................. 36
On the United States' involvement in Vietnam: ................................................... 36
On fighting technologically superior U.S. forces:................................................. 37
On the Ho Chi Minh Trail: ...................................................................................... 37
On the Tet Offensive: ............................................................................................. 38
On the U.S. leadership during the war: ................................................................ 38
V Nguyn Gip v in Bin Ph ........................................................................... 39
V Nguyn Gip: ngi "chin s" s 1........................................................ 46
HD240406027
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^=^ ng Hong Hi ^=^

Ti qua i THHN c chng trnh "Bi ca chin s" (Em nh khng chnh xc tn chng trnh
lm), c gii thiu v cun sch "i Tng V Nguyn Gip thi tr" ca Trung tng Phm
Hng C. Cun sch c in vo cui nm 2004 nhn k nim 60 ngy thnh lp QND Vit
Nam (22-12-1944 - 22-12-2004) v k nim ln sinh nht th 93 ca i tng (25-8-1911 - 258-2004).
Chng I: Qu hng, gia nh v tui th
Ngy sinh
Hi u th k XX, lng An X (trc l x, sau l thn, nay thuc x Lc Thu, huyn L

Thu, tnh Qung Bnh) c mt gia nh nh nho ngho lm rung. ng hu l V Quang
Nghim, b l Nguyn Th Kin. ng b sinh h c by ngi con, i tng V Nguyn
Gip l ngi con th nm.
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V Nguyn Gip ra i vo mt ma lt, trong mt ci lu ct tm di gc mt to nh c th
trong vn nh. Thu y, cc c ch nh ngy sinh ca con ci theo m lch, cn ngy sinh ca
vng theo dng lch th sau ny cc nh nghin cu phng Ty, mi ngi ni mt cch. V
nh bn ch dn v tiu s V Nguyn Gip ca Jean Sainteny (Notice biographique sur Vo
Nguyen Giap-Jean Sainteny) ghi l 1912. T in Bch khoa Larousse ghi l 1911. C nhng tc
gi ghi l 1910 nh Boudarel hoc James Fox. Trong cun GIAP do Nh xut bn Atlas-Paris
xut bn nm 1977, Boudarel vit: Sinh An X trong tnh Qung Bnh nm 1910. Trn Tp ch
Thi s ch nht (The Sunday Times Magazine) s 5-11-1972, James Fox vit: ng sinh ngy
1-9-1910, mt ngy thng ng ghi nh li y, ch v mt s tnh c k l, ti tm thy giy khai
sinh ca ng Gip ti Paris v qua c th gii quyt mt lng tng cho gii hc gi cho rng
ng sinh ra vo khong 1911, 1912.
Ti hi ch ng Bch H (phu nhn i tng V Nguyn Gip):
-Vy nm no l ng?
-Nm 1911.
-Cn c vo u?
-Anh Gip tui Hi (Tn Hi).
-Mt l s t vi c khng?
-Khng. M c cng khng cn.
-Rt tic, ti mun xem ngi ta on nh th no v s ca anh Gip. Cn ngy sinh?
-Ngy 25 thng 8 dng lch. Cng tnh t ngy ta sang do b (m anh Gip) ni v nh ng
Trn Vn Gip tnh h.
Gia nh
H V l mt dng h ln lng An X, t ng cui lng. Tic rng gia ph nay khng cn.
Cu b Gip ln ln khng bit mt ng ni, ch nghe ni l c c lm. C ng hu l V Quang
Nghim, c b l Bi Th Gi. Cu b nh b ni lc mt: Mc o tm, o iu. Mt hm, ng
thy cng ni: B ngi trn m y.
Gn y chu cht mi tm thy m cc c. M c ng tng trn Trm, sau lng An Sinh,
thng ngun bn hu ngn sng Kin Giang, cn m c b th tng bn t ngn, mt khuu
sng gi l Hm Rng. Khi cn nh, cu b Gip nhiu ln theo thy m i to m. Mt thi gian
di qua hai cuc khng chin, vic ving m tha i. n th h cht th khng cn bit u l
m nh. Mt hm, ba ngi thuc hng cht i to m n khu vc m c ng th ch thy nhiu
m ging nhau. May c mt ng gi i ti ni:
-Khng phi t ca ta u! Gia nh c phc lm mi gp ti. Mua th hng khn ri ti tm
m cho.
ng gi dn n mt ch c vt o mng, ho. C trng mt cy l nh du gi l cy
chim chim.
Nghe k chuyn ny, ch thn em trai i tng V Nguyn Gip l V Thun Nho v tm. V
Thun Nho ng mt chp, c mt ng lo ra hi:
-C phi ng Nho y khng?
-Tha phi.
-Thi khng chin ng dy ti ma i ao, ng c nh khng?
-
-C mt do, ngi trong lng ra o hm h ngay u m, ti ra ti cn .
Lc V Thun Nho mi tin.
ng thn sinh ca V Nguyn Gip v V Thun Nho hc ti thi phn. ng nhiu ln thi
hng cho ti kho Mu Ng (1918). Hi y, cc th sinh phi em lu chng vo trng thi,
dng ti ch t trng dnh cho mnh c ni ngi lm bi. Khc vi V Nguyn Gip sau ny
nhiu ln th khoa, ng Nghim lu chng bao ln thi khng u. Tuy khng t nhng
ng Nghim l mt nh nho hc c uy tn trong vng. ng va dy hc, va bc thuc. ng
c xm lng tn trng. Khi t ngoi nh, tuy khng phi l tin ch, nhng ngi ta thng
mi ng lm ch t. Cu b Gip mi ln thy thy tm nc l bi, mc o t l bit ng i
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lm ch t.
ng giu lng thng ngi. m hm, c ai mi i thm bnh, ng cng i. ng dy con chu
trong nh thng ngi nh th thng thn. ng sng mt cuc i gin d, thanh bch, c
nn np. Sng no cng vy, ng dy ng gi, n ba bt cho hoa hay cho tm, n vi c
hoc mui ng gi y l sm nh ngho. Ti i ng, ng bt c nh xoa chn tay cho nng.
Tp qun ny, V Nguyn Gip cn gi mi cho ti sau ny.
ng Nghim ch gi gn nn np gia phong. S gio d trong gia nh rt nghim khc. n
cm xong, con ci rt nc hu cha m phi bng hai tay, bng mt tay l tht l. C khch n
nh, con gi khng c ln nh trn. ng dy ch nho cho tr trong lng. n mt lc no ,
ng chuyn sang dy Quc ng, lm hng s. ng va dy hc va lm rung. Giao bi cho
tr xong, ng cho nc (thuyn) i thm l (la).
Khi cuc khng chin chng thc dn Php bt u, gia nh i tn c, ng cn ang thu xp
mt vi vic cha kp i theo, th gic Php p ti. Chng cn qut lng bt ng, a ng v
giam Hu. ng b tra tn d man. C ngi trng thy ng b chng buc tay vo ng sau xe
gp (Jeep). Gia nh khng bit ng sng cht ra sao.
Hn bn mi nm sau, khi su tm nhng t liu v gia nh, ti tm thy mt bc th m gia
nh cn lu gi c. Th c, giy hc tr ng mu vng, nt ch tr em to, nn nt, vit
bng mc tm:
M c my li thm con: Gip v H.
M mong con cho c mnh kho lun lun th M mng lm. Cn M v Anh cng c
thng nhng m thua lc nh nhiu lm, nhng chuyn nh nhiu chuyn ng cay, ca tin
khng k, nhng nht l khng bit. Thy c cn hay khng th M bun lm. M mong sao cho
gp c hai con, cho bun cn Anh c thng thng khi u tr tri c ho v mt vi ba
hm th kho mnh.
Bc th khng ngy thng, nhng chc chn l vit vo thi gian u cuc khng chin, gi
t ni tn c Qung Bnh ra Vit Bc B ni c cho chu Hng Anh (Hng Anh: con gi
u ca i tng V Nguyn Gip) vit.
Mi v sau, gia nh mi c tin l ng mt trong nh t Hu. Sau ngy thng nht nc
nh, con chu i tm m ng v nm 1979, bc m, a hi ct v chn ct ti ngha trang lit s
huyn L Thu.
V Nguyn Gip ging m: B m ban cho V Nguyn Gip c vc ngi, gng mt v i
mt thng minh. Nhng ai c dp gp b u nhn ngay ra vc ngi thp m ca V
Nguyn Gip l vc ngi ca b. Gng mt trn, trng tro ca V Nguyn Gip l gng
mt ca b. c bit l i mt: Mt i mt va hn nhin nhn hu nh mt tr th, va
cng ngh nh c nh thp v sc so long lanh tr tu. V i mt ca V Nguyn Gip, sau
ny c mt ln, mt n k gi phng Ty-b Oriana Fallaci-khi phng vn i tng V
Nguyn Gip nhn xt: i mt thng minh nht m ti cha tng thy!.
Hin lnh l b-V Nguyn Gip ni v ngi m ca mnh nh vy. Cu b Gip yu thng
m, cn i vi ng thn th cu knh n v s. ng dy con rt nghim m cu th hay nghch.
Mi khi ng mng cn th b ng ra li.
B lo vic rung vn ni tr. Thi gian u, b cn i ch, ra rung. Sau ny khi hai c con gi
ln (ch im v ch Lin), cc ch cho i bun vt n cho cha m th b lo vic
cm nc nh. Khi hai ch i ly chng v hai anh em V Nguyn Gip, V Thun Nho i hc
xa, hai ng b sng vi cn con gi t tn l V Th Li.
Nm 1952, b ra Vit Bc v sau khi cuc khng chin chng Php thnh cng, b v H Ni
sng vi con chu. Nm 1961, b mt.
Khc vi cc gia nh Qung Bnh, trong gia nh ng Nghim, con ci gi cha m l thy,
thm.
Ti hi:
-Ti sao?
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Anh V Thun Nho tr li:
-C huyn, c lng gi ng l thy, trong nh cng gi l thy.
-Th ti sao gi m l thm?
Ch ng Bch H a ra mt gi thuyt:
-Phi chng do anh Toi, ch Chu mt sm, gia nh king, gi trnh i cho d nui con.
B c k li cho ch ng Bch H: Ngi anh c tn l Toi, thng minh khi ng cc k.
Anh hc ch Hn, gii nh thn ng lm cho thy m hong s, bt ung mc Tu cho ti d
bt i. Nhng cng khng gi c anh. Mt cn dch t trn qua lng, anh mc bnh. Thy i!
Cu con vi!. Thy bit lm thuc nhng bnh nng, khng cu c. Anh qua i vo lc ln
by ln tm. Sau anh Toi l ch Chu, sinh c mt nm th va trn lt nm Thn. L ln trn
v t ngt, ngp ci tra (gc ct la). Nc cun tri c hai m con. Tc m di qun vo
bi tre, thy cu c. Ch Chu mt khng c m. Sau ny V Thun Nho v p cho ch mt
ci m gi bn cnh m anh Toi.
Hai ngi ch trn V Nguyn Gip l ch im v ch Lin, ln ln va lm rung va chy ch.
Khng c vn bun bn, hai ch ch bun t c, t ng phn, mua ch n, bn ch kia. Ch
im cng b gic Php bt sau khi c tha, ln chin khu th mt . Ch Lin mt trc
nm 1930. ng c cng bc thuc cha chy nhng ch Lin khng qua khi. Sau khi ch Lin
mt, ng c b ngh lm thuc.
Thu y, n b con gi t c hc hnh. C nh dn sc cho hai anh em V Nguyn Gip v
V Thun Nho n hc nn ngi. Tuy nhin c lc nh ngho tng n ni V Thun Nho phi
b hc, i lm ngh th may kim sng, n cho cha m. V Thun Nho lm ngh may
n trnh c l t.
V Thun Nho k:
n hng xi g cng xong, xu kim mt ln phi qua. L ra V Thun Nho tip tc lm th
may, nhng hai ln V Nguyn Gip gi em vo Hu v ra H Ni tip tc hc cho n t ti.
V Thun Nho sau ny l Th trng B Gio dc.
C em t l V Th Li sau ny l nhn vin coi kho ca mt c quan thuc B Nng nghip.
Gia nh ng Nghim khng c rung t, ch cy cy s rung cng do lng cp. An X c ch
chia cng in t xa li. Ba nm chia li mt ln. Mi ln chia rung l mi ln tranh
ginh nhau gh gm. C lng hp ti nh ng th b, git ln, ch chn ri bt rung. Lt u
c mt mu (mu Trung b bng na hc ta), lt th hai c mt mu, lt th ba c
nm so, chia theo tam ng in v theo sut inh.
Gia nh ng Nghim c chia hai mu ri: Mt mu nht ng, mt mu nh ng,
nm so tam ng. C ln c rung gn nh, c ln phi rung xa nh, gn ph Hc Hi,
nc su.
Chia ri, ai c vn, c sc th lm, khng c th, cm, bn. Nhng gia nh giu c thu tm ht
rung t ca b con ngho.
Gia nh ng Nghim bn mt mu ri loi nh, tam ng thu ngi lm mu rung
nht ng.
Trong nh phi i vay mi : Cm t cho ng B Lng, vay n li ca ng Kho Uy. Kho Uy
l mt Hoa kiu giu c trn ch Hm, c tin cho c huyn vay. Vay bng tin nhng ghi n
bng thc, khi tr tnh c vn ln li. Ai khng tr c th b Kho Uy phi bn lu mnh, bn
nghin ht n i. Bn h ngi chm tr gia phn hoc leo ln nc nh, ro tn ch nh ra m
chi.
Cu b Gip nhiu ln c theo cha i thm la. Cnh ng hai huyn bt ngt c bay thng
cnh. Vng ny c cu: Nht ng Nai, nh hai huyn (l huyn L Thu v huyn Qung
Ninh). Rung kh cy la ven, go gie, rung su cy ging su, go .
Ngy ma c phng gt v l nim vui ca l tr. Cc ch dy t ba gi sng nu cm cho
phng gt.
Nim vui ngy ma ca cu b Gip khng trn vn. Nhiu ln cu theo m cho nc i tr
n. Cu nh nht ci bn nh ng Ph Sng trn Tuy Lc c cy go to. Tri nng. M i
thc chy ln chy xung, cn cu th ngi t sng n tra di nc gi thc. ng Ph
Sng dng ci qut Tu to tng, qut mnh cho bay ht ht lp, ch ly ht chc.
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Nhng cuc chia rung, nhng khi nim vay, tr gn lin vi nhng ng Ph, ng B, ng
Kho gieo iu g vo u c cu b?
Hai mi nm sau (nm 1937), V Nguyn Gip vit trong cun Vn dn cy (vit chung vi
Trng Chinh di hai bt danh l Qua Ninh v Vn nh): Sng di ch bc lt phng
khng-t bn (exploitation fodo capitaliste) dn cy ng Dng qu iu linh x xc.
Ln u tin cu b Gip nghe chuyn nh Ty l cu chuyn Cn Vng do b m k. B k
rng khi b cn nh, kinh Hu tht th. in tin thng tng qun Tn Tht Thuyt ph
vua Hm Nghi chy ra Qung Bnh. C tin n nh vua ng trn thng o xa lm. Vua xung
chiu Cn Vng, ku gi cc s phu v dn chng chng gic Php.
ng ngoi theo Vn thn lm n chc c coi i i tin v. ng b gic Php bt. Chng
nh p, do bn, nhng ng mt mc khng khai, sau chng phi th.
Cu b Gip c m a v qu ngoi bn M c hu thm ng ngoi. ng ngoi ru tc
bc ph, phng phi quc thc. ng rt yu cu b, m cu vo lng. Cu b ch vng y
c ci n Chim Thnh, c Pht bng vng. Cu b thch chy theo ngi cu sn bn rt gii.
Bn gii l mt truyn thng ca gia nh bn ngoi.
B m k chuyn chy gic. Khi b cn nh, mi ln Ty v, b v ngi d ngi trong thng
ngi ln quy i trnh gic. Ty i, li v. Gic Ty tn c lm-B ni.
m nm ng vi thy, cu b nghe ng thn k chuyn chng Php qua mt bi v rt ph cp
trong dn gian thi by gi l bi v Tht th kinh . C nh khm phc tm gng trung qun
i quc ca Tn Tht Thuyt, ght cay ght ng gian thn Nguyn Vn Tng.
Bi v Tht th kinh v cu chuyn Cn Vng c phi l tia sng u tin? n tng v mt
v tng nh gic in su trong tm tr cu b l ng thn th trong ngi miu c xm ngoi.
ng i chng gic, b gic chm t c, ch cn dnh da, vn ng hong ci nga v n lng.
Gp mt b hi rau, ng hi:
-Rau mung b ra c sng khng?
B hi rau tr li:
-Rau mung rng, b ra khng sng.
ng ng ra cht. Dn chng lp miu th. Nghe ni ng thing lm, tr con i qua miu khng
dm nghch.
Qu hng
Qung Bnh nhn trn bn Vit Nam vo on tht y lng ong ca hnh t nc. l
mt di t hp, c dy Trng Sn vn ra bin: l Honh Sn. Con ng thin l xuyn
Vit ngon ngoo tro ln ni to nn o Ngang, mt thng cnh ni ting. T xa xa, ni y
in du chn ca nhiu danh nhn t nc. Ti o Ngang ngm cnh tri non nc, cht
nh ti mnh tnh ring ca B Huyn Thanh Quan:
Nh nc au lng con quc quc
Thng nh mi ming ci gia gia
Dng chn ng li, tri non nc
Mt mnh tnh ring, ta vi ta.
Ngm ca bin Nht L, cht nh ti ni bun ca Nguyn Du:
Bun trng ca bin chiu hm
Thuyn ai thp thong cnh bum xa xa.
Qung Bnh l mt vng t lch s. Nm 1306, cng cha Huyn Trn ra i lm du vng
quc Chmpa, m ra cho vng bin trn pha Nam nc i bit hai chu v L. Qung Bnh
l t chu. Trn t Qung Bnh cn nhiu di tch vn ho Chim Thnh. Nhiu s kin lch
s ca t nc cn in m du trn vng t Qung Bnh.
Lu Thy ai p m cao,
Sng Gianh ai bi ai o m su!
Cu ca dao lng ng ni ng cay ca hai th k t nc b chia ct thnh ng Trong v
ng ngoi di thi Trnh-Nguyn phn tranh, ly sng Gianh lm ranh gii. K t thng 11-
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1558, khi Nguyn Hong xin vo lm trn th Thun Ho trnh bn tay m hi ca ngi anh
r l Trnh Kim cho n thng 7-1786, khi ngha qun Ty Sn di s ch huy ca tit ch
Nguyn Hu nh chim Ph Xun ri tin thng ra Thng Long, a hai min t nc tr v
mt mi, th ng ng hn hai th k t nc b chia ct.
Cn Lu Thy th ai p? l quan ni tn o Duy T (1572-1634) c ngi ng thi
gi bng Thy. ng hc rng, ti cao nhng khng c i thi ch v cha l o B Hn lm
ngh ht xng nn b L-Trnh trn vo Nam theo cha Nguyn. Qua 4 th k, cng trnh
kin trc qun s ny b bo mn, nhng trong dn gian cn lu li n tng v s him yu
ca n: Nht s Lu Thy, nh s bi ly V X.
Bc vo lch s hin a, nhiu vng t Qung Bnh l cn c chng Php ca ngha qun
Cn Vng. Dn chng cn lu li hnh tng ca hai ng: ng Vn v ng V hai khi
ln trn hn Ln Bng. ng Vn l hong gip Phm Duy n, ng V l c tin s L Trc,
ch huy ngha qun Cn Vng Bc Qung Bnh nm 1885-1888.
Trong hai cuc khng chin, nhiu tn t, tn ngi lm sng ng truyn thng u tranh
bt khut ca Qung Bnh: Xun B vi anh hng Lm U; lng chin u C Nm, lng bin
Cnh Dng, lng o La H; ng Phong Nha v ng 20 mt im xut pht ca ng
mn H Ch Minh, th x ng Hi, ng ct Bo Ninh, dng sng Nht L vi b m Sut v
nhng n anh hng ni ting thi chng M
Tui th ca V Nguyn Gip gn lin vi lng qu An X bn dng sng Kin Giang.
Sng Kin Giang bt ngun t dy Trng Sn, qua vng ni An M, ti cho ng bng hai
huyn, nhp vo ph Hc Hi ri ra ca Nht L. Hai b sng bn l bn bi.
An X nm bn bi. Bn l gi l bc thuc x khc. Con ng lng ven theo men sng,
thu cu Gip cn nh, cy ci ven ng lng rm rp nh rng. C nhng cy nghing mnh
r tc xung mt nc gi l ca nom rt p. Di bn, u san st nhng chic thuyn gi
l nc. Theo dn lng k li, mt s vin tng to k lm bc ln xung b sng Kin
Giang l ly chn thnh nh Ngo (Ninh Vin thnh) mt di tch ca ngi Chim Thnh,
cch pha Nam huyn l L Thu mt cy s.
T An X i ln huyn l phi ngc dng sng Kin Giang qua cc lng trn: Tuy Lc, i
Phong, Thng Phong. M v cc ch i ch huyn bng dc. Ngc dng ln thng ngun
l ni gia nh thng i to m chn ni An M.
Xui dng qua lng di l An Lc, c nh th o. Thu y, tr con lng An X ght tr con
lng o, thng xy ra nh nhau.
Theo dc xui v ng Hi, gp mt ci ph rng: Ph Hc Hi. Nc t ngun An Sinh,
Cm Ly v, trm dng t li, mt ph rng mnh mng nh bin, lp lo nh nng. Xung
quanh l ng ct trng phau, pha Ty sng sng mt bc ni u Mu trm mc. Cu b
Gip nhiu ln c theo thy hoc cc ch i dc xui xung Hc Hi vt rong em v bn
khoai trng trong vn nh. Rong Hc Hi bn vo cy g cng tt. Dn An X cn khai thc ci
ph Hc Hi em v dt chiu:
Chiu ci An X, nn l Quy Hu.
An X i vi cu b Gip l mt ci lng y vn m vn l thin ng ca tr nh. An X
c ba xm: Xm trong, xm gia, xm ngoi Mi nh tranh chm trong vn xum xu cy tri.
Hai u lng c nhng li l nhng lm cy rm rp, c nhng hi b him. Gia xm trong v
xm gia c mt bi hoang gi l ng ng, c cy bn c nhiu ma.
Ch c vn l thch. Vn trc c cy mt to nh c th v nhiu cy cam giy. Vn sau
trng chui, c cy i, cy b kt, cy o tin, hai cy kh ngt, chim cu xanh thng v n. M
chm sc cy tri trong vn, ma no thc ny em bn ch Tro, ch Ch.
Nhng vn hng xm cn hp dn hn. Vn nh m Th c cy bi. Mt tr nghch ca l
tr cng hc ch Nho vi cu b Gip l nhn lc thy i thm la, bn chng r nhau chui qua
ro vo vn nh m Th hi trm bi em v chn. Ci tr nghch ny, thy m bit th cht
n. Thy c ting l nghim, nhng l tr nghch vn hon nghch.
Mt tr nghch to bo hn l chui ra khi vn sau, vt qua my ci rung m (gi l tra) i
ti ci bng (ao) bn rung nc. ng i ra bng c cy mng l n cht cht. ng
bng nhn ra xa, ng rung bt ngt n chn tri. Bng l thin ng ca l tr, ni chng
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bt c, c vi con c l sung sng v cng.
i vi cu b Gip, nhng gi pht a nghch vi l bn nh vy qu l thch th, mc du
cu bit rng v nh th no cng b pht, b mng v c khi cn b roi vt. C mt ln, ng
Nghim v ly cy so chng ca, cu b phi chui xung di bn th, xin tha.
Ni chuyn cy so chng ca v ca nh ng Nghim ghp bng l k, dng so chng ln, ti
sp li.
y l mt cn nh ba gian hai chi lp tranh, c nh ngang lm bp. Gian phi pha ng l
bung ca n b con gi, c k mt ci rng ca b m. Gian gia t bn th gia tin, c b
phn g v b trng k bng tre. Gian tri k ging nm ca thy, c mt ci t t xa li.
Chi pha Ty l ni tr hc v thy coi sch.
Trong nh trang tr gin d: Ni thy c sch c treo i cu i bng vi ty iu. Trc bn
th dn nhng thip Cung chc tn nin c bt tch ngi tng.
Mt hm thy bo:
-My ci thip ny phi ct i. Nhng ngi ny can Vn thn ang b truy n.
Trc nh c ci sn t gi l ci kh rng, n ma xun ly t rung v ri trng rau ci.
Ngn sn vi vn c mt ci bnh phong gch. Trc bnh phong l b cn cy si, bn hoa cy
cnh do ng Nghim t tay chm cht: Mu n, thch lu, vn th, hoa trang, hoa hu. C mt
cy mai vng, mt cy sm trng lm thuc ng gh gm.
Mi khi tri nng, cy trong vn in bng xung sn, rung rinh a i a li. Khng gian y
ting chim ht, dm ba con bm ln ngoi vn.
Nhng nm thng hc tp
Cu Gip hc ch Nho vi thy. Cu cng vi em trai v nm su a bn ngi a trn chic
chiu.
ng Nghim tuy nghim khc nhng rt thng con. Nghim khc gi gn gia phong theo khun
php o Khng. Thng con, thng my a tr thng minh nh ng.
Dy cho anh em Gip v l tr trong lng hc ch Nho, ng bo:
-y l ch ca thnh hin, cc con khng c nghch, khng c gim ln sch, phi i ln
u t lng tn knh.
ng dy theo Tam t kinh v u hc tn th. B sch u hc tn th xut bn di thi vua
Duy Tn, gm nhiu quyn.
n tng ban u in su mi mi. n tui tm mi, V Nguyn Gip vn cn nh. Mt hm,
ng c cho chng ti nghe:
Thin thng a h
Nht tr nguyt d
(Trn tri di t
Mt tri ban ngy, mt trng ban m)
Trong u hc tn th c on ni v t nc:
Ng t Hng Bng th
Triu Thu, Kinh Dng Vng
Tch Kinh Bc thuc th
Cu s d nan vong
(T ta l Hng Bng
Triu Thu, Kinh Dng Vng
S tch thi Bc thuc
Mi nhc c kh qun)
C ch ni:
Phong tuy c bt thch ng qun
H tuy bo bt thc ng loi
(Ong tuy c khng t trong n
H tuy c khng n ng loi)
on ni v chin cng xa, c cu Chi Lng tu Tng binh, V Nguyn Gip ni:
-Tu ngha l chy, nhng y ngha l ui, ch c ngha rt mnh.
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Chi Lng tu Tng binh
Bch ng ph Nguyn s
(Chi lng ui qun Tng
Bch ng ph Nguyn s)
My cun sau ni v L Li, Nguyn Tri. Ring on v Ty Sn v Quang Trung th b ni xu
m cao Nguyn nh.
u hc tn th l cun v lng c nh hng i vi cu b v cng l vn ch hn u tin ca
V Nguyn Gip.
Hc lp ng u, cu b phi i hc trng Tng trn Tuy Lc. Tuy Lc l lng trn, ln hn
lng An X, c ch gi l ch Hm, c ty ru ca ch Ty gi l Sica. Ngy l, Tt Ty, hc
sinh phi sang ht cho Ty nghe. Thy dy hc tn l Khot, hc tr khng trng v thy nnh
Ty.
Cu Gip hc gii. Sng i chiu v cng vi thng Hong, tra li, mi a c mt tin
mua bnh ch. C khi bi i mt mo cm, trong c con tm. Thng Hong ln tui hn
nhng l chu, gi cu Gip bng ch. Hc lp ba, cu b phi i tr hc trn trng huyn.
Phi i dc ln huyn l L Thu. nhiu ln, cu b c cc ch cho i theo ln huyn
xem xin. Ch huyn ng vui, ph huyn sm ut. V i dc qu tht l thch.
Nhng ln ny Ln ny i dc vi m, cu b khng vui, lng cu nng tru. Cu bit rng
m i ch huyn xong l m v, cn cu th phi li mt mnh nh ng g tr hc. Xa m.
iu , cu b khng chu ni!
i qua mi Vit, gn ti huyn ri. Khi ln ph huyn, m dn cu b n nh tr, d dnh:
-Con li y, thm v. Hm sau, thm n.
-Khng! Khng! Khng!
Cu o ln khc. Cu tm o m, cu chy theo m xung . Cu gim chn, m ly m. M
nh phi cho cu v theo. Nhng khi v n u nh th cu b len lt s, chn li. Cu lng
vng ngoi vn, ch m vo tha trc vi thy. Khng bit m ni g, khng thy thy ry
la m gi vo. Hm sau, cu b thun i v li tr hc. Hc lp ba trn trng huyn, cu b
lun lun ng u lp.
Xong lp ba, phi ln trng tnh hc. ng Hi, tnh l ca Qung Bnh l mt th x xinh xn
bn b sng Nht L. Bao quanh th x l mt to thnh c xy dng t nm Gia Long th 10
(1812) n nm Minh Mng th 5 (1824) th c xy dng li bng gch. Cc mt thnh c ca
cun thng ra ngoi bng nhng cy cu gch. Bn pha thnh c ho su y nc. i din
vi thnh c ng Hi, bn kia sng l nhng ng ct trng phau nhp nh, nhng lng chi in
hnh trn mt cnh bin, tri, my, nc. ng bn ng ct nhn li th ton cnh ng Hi
hin ra hng v l thng: Ni u mu, ni Ba Rn dng nh nhch li gn to thnh c, cng
soi bng xung dng sng Nht L lung linh dng ni, my tri. bao ln cu b ng sng s
ngm cnh p lng ly ca qu hng.
Cu tr ti nh ng K Xin, mt ngi quen ca gia nh. ng K Xin nghin thuc phin,
ngi gy t gi chic gi xp nm di bn bn n, trn sp g. ng c v kh tnh nhng
thc ra rt tt. ng coi cu b nh con chu trong nh, khng ly tin tr, cn tin th n ma,
m hoc ch cho ch thc ln tr tin n c nm cho cu.
c hc trng tnh l thy Phm Ph Lng, thy gio dy hc l thy o Duy Anh, hai thy
c hc tr knh mn.
Cu Gip hc gii, ch phi hc mt nm lp nh nm th nht (cours moyen premire anne) ln
thng lp nht (cours suprieur). B nh so vi cc bn trai cng lp, xinh xn trng tro nh
con gi, cu ngi bn u cng vi cc bn gi: C Vn, c Chnh, c Nguyt Nht qu nh
ma, th ba hc tr, l bn lun lun tru chc, c thi quen x y, ghp i. Cu Gip i qua
nh cc c cng b cc bn tru. Nhng, cu ch cm u vo hc. Hai nm hc trng tiu
hc ng Hi, cu lun ng u lp v vo k thi tt nghip bc s hc (certificat dtud
primaires) cu u tnh. Thi y, vic u tnh c ting tm lm. Gia nh hoan h. Cu v
lng c qu trng.
tip tc hc ln bc trung hc, cu phi vo tn trong Hu thi vo trng Quc hc. Phi
khai tng thm ln mt tui mi tui thi. Cu Gip coi thng k thi chuyn cp ny: Mnh l
th khoa u tnh, ng nhin c quyn vo hc trng Quc hc. C ci x Trung K ny c
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12 tnh v mt o m nh trng tuyn chn nhng 90 hc sinh cho hai lp nht nin, lm g
m chng trng!.
Vy m khi vo thi tuyn, cu Gip b rt. V sao? Lm sao li c th hng thi c? Cu Gip
khng r.
Cu Gip nh phi tr li qu nh, ly sch v n li cc chng trnh vn, ton, ch n k thi
sau. Vic thi hng lm cho mi ngi trong gia nh phin mun. Vic hc hnh ca cu Gip
vn l nim t ho, l hy vng ca c nh, c bit l ng thn.
Ma h nm 1925, ng thn a cu Gip vo Hu tm nh tr hc n thi. Vo k thi nm y,
cu loi kh (mention assez bien).
Vic vo Hu hc l c mt s tn km i vi gia nh. Nhng thy quyt, m v cc ch lm
lng xoay xo kim tin nui cu n hc.
Chia tay vi qu hng. Vnh bit tui th bn dng sng Kin Giang v Nht L. Cu Gip i
vi ng thn sang bn ct, lng Ci, ngm nhn cn ct trng, ch xe t i Hu.
Rng cy ng ng An Hoi n cu vo Hu. Cu bc vo cng trng Quc hc vo lc
phong tro u tranh i thc dn Php tr t do cho nh ch s yu nc Phan Bi Chu ang
si sc.
Cuc gp g vi ngi bn cng lp ln tui hn: Nguyn Ch Diu, cc hot ng trong phong
tro hc sinh, cc cuc tip xc vi cc thy gio c tm huyt: Thy V Lim Sn, thy Cao
Xun Huy, thy ng Thai Mai nh du mt bc ngot trong cuc i ca cu thiu nin V
Nguyn Gip. Cu v Hu hc lp tc b cun ngay vo mt cn lc chnh tr ca thi i.
Trn Xun b cng l mt in hnh ca vic nh gip l c. Ti ghi li mt mu chuyn ti
vit theo li k li :
Trn gip l c Xun B, Qung bnh dy ting oanh lit vo gn cui Khng chin chng Php
ti Bnh Tr Thin gi b i ch lc vi bn lnh legion v Commando cu Php l mt minh
chng bi hng sng chi. Anh V quc on tn l Bnh b bn nt tay phi nhy chm ln
dng sc bt cu c th cn v yt hu cu ngi s quan comando Php cao ln. C hai ngi
ln lng lc xung sng . Qun Php tan nt rt chy. My hm sau,c hai xc ngi ni ln.
Ngi lnh Vit nam ngm yt hu gic khng bung. n mc khng cy ra c,ngi ta phi
dng dao khot yt hu v nt cu gic,ri lc dn tng ming cho ming lit s c sch s .
n nay,c mi do thu v,dn vng Xun B vn ra b sng cng anh. Nc mt trong bao
nhiu nm y c l cng chy thnh sng trong lng mi chng ta.
Mai ny c iu kin,chng ta s dng li tng ngi chin s Vitnam b nh b Ty ln
ngi,ming vn khng nh yt hu gic... ti Xun b
To BrodaRu: Bc cn trch dn ch no th ch trch dn ch thi ch ? Bc trch nguyn c
bi th ny di qu, ko mi mi c c bi ca bc!
Chng II: Tui thiu nin

Bn b cng ch hng
Khng k ln u v Hu ma thu nm 1924 d thi vo trng Quc hc v nm y thi trt
phi quay gt v qu, th n ma h nm 1925, cu thiu nin V Nguyn Gip mi vo hn
trong Hu. Cng nh ln trc, cu n nh mt ng Th lang ngi Qung Bnh, nh trn
con ng ca ng Ba i vo H thnh, gn miu m hn.
Cu theo hc mt trng t ngoi thnh n thi. Trng c thy gio Sc dy gii, thy ch
ngay n cu hc tr Qung Bnh sng d. Thy c mn, nhiu ln gi cu n ch v
thm. Cu nh gn trng c cy a to.
nh ng Th lang, cu chi thn vi con trai ng tn l Thn. Hai cu cng tui, cng thch
chi khng. Mt hm ng Th lang vo chu vua, mi cu xch mt chic hia i theo ng
c xem vua ng. Lc tri cha sng, hai cu ch mi khng thy vua, ch thy vn v b
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quan m cnh chun, o thng. Xem mt lc chn, hai cu chun v.
Bn chi khng cn c cu Huy, con c Ba Thnh Thi. Ting cu Gip hc gii n tai c Ba,
c mi cu Gip v nh gip cho cu Huy cng hc. Nh c ba ph ng Ba gn cu Gia Hi
v cu ng Ba, nh khng to nhng sang trng, i sng trng gi, giu c. C Ba chung vn
vi ngi em l ng Ngh Trnh m rp chiu bng Xin Tn Tn, cc bn tr thng r nhau
n xem, m nht l vua h Charlot. nh c Ba, cu Gip nghe k v ng vua yu nc
Thnh Thi, cu cng nghe k v ng n b kia lm giu.
ng Bu Thch ph Gia Hi bit cu Gip hc gii cng mi cu n nh cng hc vi con
gi ng l c Tn N Th Vui. Mt hm ng gi b bn khoai vo mua cho cc bn tr. Cu Gip
rt ngc nhin khi nghe ng tr tin: M ban cho mi my xu.
Trong thi gian ny, lp hc ca thy gio Sc, cu Gip lm quen vi mt ngi bn ln tui
hn tn l Nguyn Ch Diu cng ang n thi. y l ngi bn rt thn ca cu trong thi nin
thiu v l ngi ba nm sau gii thiu V Nguyn Gip vo Tn Vit cch mnh ng.
Anh Diu hn anh Gip ba tui, dng v im m, hai con mt sng y ngh lc v t tin,
ngi dong dng cao, rn chc. Qu anh Diu Ph Mu. Gia nh anh Diu cng l nh nho
ngho. Hai ngi bn tuy mi quen nhng rt thn, gn b vi nhau khng ch v chung mt
cnh hc tr ngho m cn c iu g nh l chung mt suy ngh, chung mt ch hng. Anh
Diu r bn v cng nh tr vi mnh, nh mt ngi dn ngho di chn thnh, gn ca
ng Ba. Cn nh tranh ny v sau tr thnh mt im lin lc b mt ca ng Tn Vit. Sau
nh c cy i to, anh Diu hay tro ln hi qu tng cho bn.
Chng my chc n ma thi. B sng Hng, hoa phng v khoe mu rc. Hai ngi bn
n mc chnh t, o di en, qun vi trng, i guc mc, bc vo cng trng, trn lu c treo
chung mang bin: Php t Quc hc trng mn.
Kt qu k thi nm 1925: Anh Nguyn Ch Diu loi kh, anh Gip th nh, ngi u l
anh Nguyn Thc Ho. Anh Ho nm y 13 tui, ngi nh nhn va bng tiu hc Nha
Trang ra. C ba ngi u c xp vo cng mt lp: nht nin A, anh Ho ngi bn u
cng vi anh Gip. Anh Nguyn Thc Ho sau ny l gio s, c phong danh hiu Nh gio
nhn dn k li trong c san k nim Quc hc Hu 95 nm (1896-1991):
Trong k thi vo Quc hc, ti u (anh T Quang Bu c nh v vit trong mt bi bo
Sng Hng) cn anh V Nguyn Gip th hai. Ti cn nh anh Gip trng tro nh con gi,
tuy th hai, nhng sut c nm hc nht nin, thng no anh cng c lm major,
ngha l u lp, m ti th lun lun ng th hai. Hc ti thi phn l vy! Ti vn cn nh trong
lp hai chng ti ngi gn nhau, tuy vy khng phi l mt i bn thn. Anh Gip hn ti mt
tui, nhng c nhng suy ngh ca ngi ln, cn ti lc y ch l mt cu b chm hc v
ngoan, d bo th thi. Cc gio s Vit cng nh Php u t v bng lng i vi hai chng
ti, nht l i vi anh Gip, hc gii. Ti cn nh c cch gi tn anh Gip ca b gio Php,
khng c ch lt Nguyn v khng c du.
Anh Nguyn Thc Ho nh ng: Khi y tn anh Gip khng c ch lt Nguyn, l do anh
Gip khi lm n xin hc trng tnh ri d thi vo trng Quc hc u ct b ch lt ca tn
mnh. iu ny khin ng thn bc, ng mng anh Gip mt trn v bt anh khai li ng nh
tn cha m t cho.
Vo trng Quc hc, anh Gip nghe ting nhng ngi hc gii cc lp trn: Anh Phan
Bi (em anh Phan Thanh), anh T Quang Bu khi y ni ting hc gii v ham nghin cu
khoa hc. Anh Bu ni chuyn v v tuyn in v ct khoai ra lm m hnh.
Gp li bi v nm xa
Bi hc lch s u tin gy n tng su sc i vi anh Gip t lc cn nh l bi v Tht th
kinh . Lc y, m m nm ng vi thy, anh nghe ng thn k v. n khi vo Hu, anh
li nghe cc c gi k v trong l t m hn.
Hu c tc t m hn. Hng nm c n ngy 23 thng 5 (m lch) dn chng cc phng t
chc ngy gi chung ca tt c cc gia nh ni ngoi thnh Thun Ho b gic Php tn st hm
y. (Kinh Hu tht th ngy 23 thng 5 t Du, Hm Nghi nguyn nin; tc l ngy 5-7-1885).
L quy cm chung c t bn th, vi nn hng, mt t da , mt chum nc ch, mt
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chng bt, chic go, di t m mt l bp la.
T xong, cc c gi k v Tht th kinh . Bi v ny ra i t cui th k 19, vit bng ch
Nm, th lc bt di 1535 cu.
Bi v m u bng s kin tht th Thun An (Thun An tht th ngy 18 thng 7 nm Qu Mi
tc ngy 20-8-1883).
Nm Mi tht th Thun An
Ti gia b hc cc lng ku ca
n ng cho ch n b
Hu tr hu dng ai m chng xung
Nam triu chn chi k anh hng
Thun An tht th kh trong on tnh
ng ch l khi y, dn chng Hu t v trang (ni theo danh t ngy nay). Bn cnh qun
triu nh, Dn lng phi c trong tay. Khng dao th mc mi ry cho thng.
Nhng triu nh Hu di p lc ca qun xm lc Php phn ho thnh hai phe: Ch chin
v ch ho. Tn Tht Thuyt ch trng chin u bo v kinh Hu. Nguyn Vn Tng ch
trng nhng b. m 22 rng ngy 23 thng 5 t Du, Tn Tht Thuyt em qun nh vo
tri gic ng Mang C. Cuc tn cng tht bi. Kinh Hu tht th. Gic Php n p d
man.
Tn Tht Thuyt ph vua Hm Nghi xut bn. Vua pht hch Cn Vng. Nguyn Vn Tng
u hng qun Php, ra lnh lng bt nh vua. Trn ng ra sn phng Qung Bnh, H Tnh,
nhng ngi khng chin gp phi mun ni gian trun. Thc dn Php t ch thng tr. Dn ta
khn kh trm b
Bi v l ting ni dn gian k li nhng s kin trn mt cch mc mc, chn thc. on th
hng hn nh mt bi ca chin u, on th than vn ti hn nh mt chng thm s, on
th anh thp nh mt bn co trng.
D l t m hn, lng cu thiu nin nng tru. Gm tri kinh Hu m m mt mu. Ru
phong ph xanh thnh quch. Ting sng Cn Vng im bt t lu. Nhng cc m hn vn
sng trong lng dn x Hu. Hn nc nh phng pht u y.
Chiu chiu trc bn Vn Lu
Ai ngi ai cu
Ai su ai thm
Ai nh ai trng
Thuyn ai thp thong trn sng
Bung cu mi y chnh lng nc non.
Cu h gi ln trong lng cu thiu nin ni nim yu nc thng ni. Kh ho l gan cy nh
Ng. y vi git l nc Sng Hng.
Khi d l t m hn, anh Gip cm thy tht l bun. Nhng khng phi l mt ni bun bi lu
m bun qut khi. tui thiu nin, anh hiu c ni nhc nh ca ngi dn mt
nc. V chnh ti Hu, tui thiu nin ca anh Gip gp bui bnh minh ca thi i mi.
Cc th h trc th m mm, tht bi b tc, qun quii trong m di n l. Th h sau l th
h Cch mng thng Tm th vng ln o t trong nh nng ban mai. Cn th h ca anh Gip
ln ln trong bui tranh ti tranh sng.
T sch c Phan ha tng
Nm hc nht nin (1925-1926) ca anh Gip l mt nm y bin ng. Kinh Hu nh b
v c knh, ni m cuc sng tng nh ngng ng im lm, nay bng rn r hn ln trong hai
phong tro lin tip: i n x c Phan Bi Chu v tang c Phan Chu Trinh.
Trong hai mi lm nm u th k 20, Phan Bi Chu l nhn vt trung tm ca cuc vn ng
cu nc. Sau khi phong tro Cn Vng tn li, ba ting Phan Bi Chu nhen ln nim hy
vng. Hi khng c mt cuc vn ng yu nc no t ch trng n ho n cc cuc u
tranh kch lit l khng t nhiu chu nh hng ca tinh thn Phan Bi Chu.
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Trong tm tr, trong tnh cm ca cu thiu nin V Nguyn Gip v cc bn anh, Phan Bi Chu
l hnh nh cao c ca mt v anh hng dn tc. Cuc i Ba o tn kh khp chn tri gc
bin, tinh thn kin quyt u tranh i c lp t do cho dn tc, nhng ng vn, nhng vn
th nh vit bng mu nng v nc mt ca c thc tnh bit bao ngi Vit Nam, lm
ro rc lng yu nc thng ni ca bit bao thanh nin hi y.
Bi vy khi quc Php bt cc c Phan Bi Chu (30-6-1925) ti Thng Hi (Trung Quc)
ri a v H Ni xt x ti to i hnh (23-11-1925) th mt phong tro u tranh i n x cho
c Phan Bi Chu cun cun dng ln khp ba k. Mi tng lp dn chng u vng dy, c
bit l thanh nin hc sinh, sinh vin.
Hu, ngy 1-12-1925, thay mt cho gio vin v hc sinh trng n hc ng Khnh, ch Trn
Th Nh Mn (b o Duy Anh sau ny) v chj Hong Th V (b Thn Trng Phc sau ny)
nh in gi ton quyn Varenne H Ni: Chng ti, n gio vin v n sinh ng Khnh,
xin ngi ly lng khoan dung n x cho nh i quc Phan Bi Chu.
Ti trng Quc hc, cc anh Nguyn Ch Diu, Nguyn Khoa Vn, V Gip v mt s bn hc
i vn ng ly ch k vo n gi ton quyn Varenne.
Trc sc mnh u tranh ca dn chng, thc dn Php buc phi hu bn n kh sai chung
thn v a c Phan Bi Chu v an tr ti Hu.
Php v Nam triu tng rng h c th hn ch mi hot ng ca c v nh hng ca c s
b chn vi. Nhng h tnh nhm. S c mt ca c khuy ng kinh thnh Hu. Mt t
bo Php hi phn nn rng: Sao khng cho Phan Bi Chu cht dn cht mn
Trung Quc c phi l khn hn khng? Ai i i b ci lo gi y v gy ra bao nhiu
chuyn rc ri?
C Phan v Hu tr ti Bn Ng. ng gi Bn Ng tr thnh mt biu tng c sc thu ht
thc tnh lng ngi. Nhiu ngi gn xa n vn an, xin bi yt c, tng qu c. D bit r rng
c ang b giam lng v lui ti thm c s b mt thm theo di, h vn n, bt chp mi nguy
him c th xy ra cho h. c hu chuyn c, nghe c ging gii, bnh vn, ngm th, h nh
bng tnh.
Khng t ngi noi gng c mun dn thn vo cuc u tranh i li quyn c lp cho t
nc.
ci tui 14, 15, y nhit huyt, anh Gip cng nhiu bn hc sinh Quc hc, ng Khnh v
cc trng khc Hu thuc lp ngi y. Th nm hng tun, anh Gip v cc bn ko nau
n nghe c ni chuyn. Hn na th k tri qua, anh Gip vn cn nh ngi nh c Phan
trn dc Bn Ng. Mt np nh tranh n s nhng rng ri, quanh nh c vn. Di cu Bn
Ng, mt chic thuyn nan.
Trong nh treo ba bc nh: Thch ca Mu Ni, Tn Dt Tin, Lnin. Ba bc nh ny ni ln phn
no quan im trit hc v chnh tr ca c. Cng c th qua m thy s chuyn bin v xu
hng ca c trong qu trnh i tm ng cu nc.
Mi ngi u bit: Lc u Phan Bi Chu cng ch trng bo hong. Tip xc vi cc nh
dn ch ch ngha Trung Quc, Phan Bi Chu theo hng dn ch. Cui cng ch my tun
trc khi b bt, nhn thy ch c cch mng v sn mi thc hin c hy vng cu nc,
Phan Bi Chu ngh n vic i tm Nguyn i Quc Cn Nguyn i Quc th trong bi bo
nhan Nhng tr l bch hay l Varenne v Phan Bi Chu ng trn t La Paria s 36-37
thng 9-10 nm 1925 gi Phan Bi Chu l Bc anh hng, v thin s, ng x thn v c
lp.
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Anh Gip k rng trong dp c Phan 60 tui, c mt bi th chc th c do ng V Lim Sn khi
y l gio s trng Quc hc lm ra, hc sinh em v ngm nga thch lm. V anh Gip c:
Phan tin sinh l ngi ho kit
Mi nm xa c ht thnh hin
Gp cn t tri nghing
Lng mn th u thin chan cha
No nhng lc cu th kin ch
Bt anh hng nh kh phng li
Cng c khi chn ru mua vui
Ging mt trng trng i ci ha h
Th khng tri t khng chi c
Cn c non sng c l no?
Tu thn mt chic on ao
oi Hng Lnh cao cao chn chn nhn
Bin Thi Bnh o o sng cun
Nc non nh gic mng vn t m
Hai mi nm sinh t lu ly
Ch nam vn ch khi gi tin
Du gan st ai lay chng chuyn
Nhng nc i lm chuyn tru ngi
trong hoc cng c tri
Thn gi li thnh thi ni c th
Anh Gip k rng hc sinh ai ai cng thch, thy hay tht l hay. Nhng ai ng c Phan bc. C
bc v ng V Lim Sn ni c thnh thi ni c th!
Anh Gip k rng hi anh c c Phan ch v rt thng. C c my chc b sch c
kim, thy anh Gip hng hi nhit tnh v ham hc, c bo: Khi no ti mt, t sch ny li
cho cu Gip.
Tnh cch c kh khi, tnh tnh c d di. c bit s nghip vn chng yu nc ca c hp
dn thanh nin. Trong hc sinh c phong tro ghi chp v hc thuc th vn ca c. Mi ngi
dnh mt cun s ba p chp cc vn th i quc, i chng, i qun ca c.
Bi th c nh hng ln i vi anh Gip v cc bn anh l Bi th chc Tt thanh nin ca c
nhn dp Xun Bnh Dn (1926)
Dy! Dy! Dy!
Bn n mt ting g va gy
Chim trn cy lin ng cho mng
Xun i Xun, Xun c bit chng?
Thn cng sng, bun cng ni, ti cng trng
Hai mi nm l tng chua vi xt
Thng ngy khuy kho l u xanh
Tha cc c, cc cu, li cc anh
Tri mi ngi cng nn i mi
M mt thy r rng tn vn hi
Gh vi vo xc vc cu giang san
i cho m, ng cho vng, tr cho gan
Giy on th quyt ghe phen thnh nghip li
Ai hu ch t nay xin gng gi
Ci lt xa m tu dng ly tinh thn
Chng thm chi, chng thm mc, chng thm n
c gan st di non lp b
Xi mu nng ra vt nh n l
HD240406027

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Mi th ny l mi hi ch qun
Ch rng: Nht nht tn, hu nht tn.
Anh Gip k mt chuyn chng t c Phan rt quan tm n th h tr. Hi c mt n sinh
ng Khnh ngi Vit gc Hoa tn l Vn Xun cng vi bn trai l Tn Tht Lp, hai ngi i
t khng may b tai nn cht. Hc sinh hai trng lm l truy iu, c Phan gi n mt iu
vn.
Ngy 17-3-1926, c Phan n ni chuyn ti trng Quc hc. Anh Khng Hu Dng k li
trong c san k nim Quc hc Hu 95 nm (1896-1991):
Anh em hc sinh chng ti tp trung trong sn chi ca trng. Bng ro ro nh ong v t,
hng ng hc sinh xo ng. Mt ng gi quc thc, o di thm qun vi trng vi i mt
sng quc, chm ru quai nn m bc, xut hin uy nghi, trng phu
Mi ngi c chen nhau n gn c nh mun c nghe r hn, thu o hn ting ni ca
con ngi gn nh tr thnh huyn thoi. C gi tru mn nhn m hc sinh tr
Ging Ngh An m vang nh ting cng: Anh em khi phi chen nhau, ti ni to lm, tn sn
ngoi cng c th nghe r. Hm rng gi long ra, sut ri. C lp li, ci v sang sng ni tip
gia nhng trng v tay ko di nhng li tha thit. C c ly i ly li mt ip khc i u dt,
thc tnh: Ru ty, cm ty, qun o ty, xe ty, lu ty Hc ng n l, gio dc n l,
nhn ti n l, n l u ng()
Ci mc ch ngi nc ta ngy nay vo hc chng qua v cu quan to, ht ng bc tt,
lm mi gii cho ru ty, cm ty, mc ty, xe ty, lu ty m thi ? Ci hn quc dn ta
cn mong g sng c?
Chao i! Tri i! Tht c nh th ru! Cu hi ca c nh xoy su vo tm tr m hc sinh
chng ti v khi dy nhng suy ngh xung yu khn thit v l sng.
Ton chuyn b lo! Thi , mt thm Ty nh ri. C Phan sau khi b mt thm Php bt ti
Tu, khi b an tr ti Bn Ng l ngoi sn u ng t l trng, chnh tng, mt thm, tri huyn
n ra vo dm ng cn qu cng an khu vc vi cng an qun bi ch. Do , nh c Phan ngy
b bao vy kinh t rt kh khn; nh c Phan Bi Chu ngho cn phi cu mang thm con
chu vi ngi ng ch t nn trc na nn cm n cn khng m n. Th m t liu cc
nh "git s" by gi th a ra no l Phan ng Lu, no l V Nguyn Gip lu lu tt qua
nh c Phan th bi-da, ht karaok, ri c Phan cn ngao du giang h nh l Hng Tht Cng i
y i din thuyt na. C cc ch tp riu Vit Nam Thanh Nin Cch Mng ng Ch Hi
tn bn Tu, bn Xim nh L Thy, L Hng Sn, H Tng Mu m ht x hi mt ci l mt
thm Ty n bu li ri, cn ng hong mt tay cm u khng b Al Quaeda c c Phan
Bi Chu, ng trng Vit Nam Quang Phc Hi, sng lp vin Vit Nam Quc Dn ng,
ngi chu trch nhim nhiu v khng b ti bin gii Vit Hoa, H Ni, Thi Lan, u nu p
phe chuyn v kh v nc cho Hong Hoa Thm, ngi cng tc vi tnh bo c, b an tr ti
Hu m Ty n cho "qun chng tin b" nh V Nguyn Gip, Phan ng Lu ln la bn
chuyn ....yu nc th l chuyn l i, k c nh vn Nguyn Mnh Tun trm vit phim b ti
Si gn cng cn km tr tng tng xa.
Trung vi ng - Hiu vi Dn - Kh khn no cng vt qua - Nhim v no cng hon thnh K th no cng nh thng!
Bc MDB ti nm ri ? Lu lm ri mi c chuyn bc gh mt vo chi h!
Bc MDB ng ni ngc nh! Thi y c t do dn ch hn nhiu, thu nhp cao hn thi nay
hn! c ngi chng minh vi y lp lun hn hoi c m! Bc ni th l bc cng b bn
ngi xu n nhi... cho, phi cn n thy lang cha y!
M bc i, c Phan mi ch b an tr, mt thm n y ng nhng n cn theo di p trn
, ch no phi lai rai my ch nh nng nn nhit huyt u. Cua b vt cng lm mi cu cn
cu c c ln, ch ngc nghc g m n ti nut sng, ch t au bng thm. Qun chng
HD240406027

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c khi nhn c hi y cn ... n o hn y ch!
Ngay nh Nguyn Vn To, chnh hiu Quc t 3, o to Nga v, ng vin CS Php, cn
tranh c, ng c thnh ng Hi ng na l. Nc Php ni ting T do - Bnh ng - Bc i
m! Ti dn An Nam khng bit hng thi (m n, c hng cng hng va va thi, hng
qu mu quc vt... y!)
.. t liu cc nh "git s" by gi th a ra no l Phan ng Lu, no l V Nguyn Gip lu
lu tt qua nh c Phan th bi-da, ht karaok, ri c Phan cn ngao du giang h nh l Hng
Tht Cng i y i din thuyt na. => T liu u th bc? M c Phan hnh nh ch
i li trong Hu c m?
Truy iu c Phan Chu Trinh
By ngy sau cuc din thuyt ca c Phan Bi Chu ti trng Quc hc, c tin c Phan Chu
Trinh t th ti Si Gn. Phan Chu Trinh (1872-1926) bit hiu Ty H l mt nh i quc ln
trong thi gian u th k 20. Chnh kin ca c Phan Chu Trinh khc vi c Phan Bi Chu. C
Phan Chu Trinh ch trng ci cch khng bo ng. Lp trng ca c c nu ra trong bn
iu trn gi Ton quyn ng Dng trnh by tnh cnh kh cc ca dn chng l do thu
kho nng n, do quan li tham tn v ngh chnh quyn Php ng Dng ban b mt s
ci cch bo m quyn li ti thiu cho dn chng. Trc ht bi b chnh quyn qun ch b
nhn, thay th bng mt chnh quyn c i din ca dn.
Phan Chu Trinh cng vi Hunh Thc Khng, Trn Qu Cp thc hin cng cuc Duy Tn khai
ho tnh nh (Qung Nam). Nhiu hc hi, thng hi, th x c thnh lp nhm m
mang dn tr, thc y hot ng nng cng thng. Phan Chu Trinh vit bi Tnh quc hn ca
nhm thc tnh lng dn.
Phan Chu Trinh b bt gia lc phong tro chng thu din ra quyt lit khp Trung K (1908).
Trn Qu Cp b n t hnh. Phan Chu Trinh v Hunh Thc Khng b n t chung thn, b y i
Cn o. Nm 1911, nh s can thip ca Hi nhn quyn Php v ca cc ngh s thuc ng
x hi trong Ngh vin Php, Phan Chu Trinh c n x v a qua Php an tr Paris. Ti
y, Phan Chu Trinh lin h mt thit vi ngi thanh nin Nguyn i Quc v tng tham gia
kin vo bn kin ngh m Nguyn i Quc gi cho Ho hi Versailles nm 1991. Nguyn i
Quc knh phc lng yu nc ca bc tin bi Phan Chu Trinh nhng khng tn thnh ch
trng ca c.
Nm 1925, Phan Chu Trinh v nc, tui gi sc yu nhng vn hot ng. C c nh thm
c Phan Bi Chu lc ny ang b giam lng Hu, thm cac c Hunh Thc Khng, Ng c
K bn vic u tranh cho dn ch, dn quyn. C din thuyt Si Gn v o c v lun l
ng, Ty, Qun tr v dn tr. C lm bnh mt ti Si Gn ngy 24-3-1926.
Phong tro tang c Phan Chu Trinh lan rng khp c nc nh mt quc tang do dn chng
t chc, bt chp s ngn cn, khng b ca thc dn v quan li. Nhng ngi tang c
chng nhng t lng thng tic nh ch s, m cn t r ch ca mnh. Ti Si Gn, ngy 4-41926, hng chc vn ngi i a m c. Si Gn bin thnh mt bin ngi cng khai biu
dng lc lng chng bn thng tr thc dn. H Ni, mc du nh cm quyn Php b
tr lnh gc e do, hng vn ngi vn n ving c ti cha Hai B. Cc ca hiu ng ca.
Hc sinh, sinh vin eo bng tang.
Hu, l truy iu nh yu nc c t chc trng th ti Hi qun Hi ng hng Qung
nam. C Phan Bi Chu ng ra lm ch l. Bi iu vn thng thit do c vit c mt ph n
c uy tn ni ting Hu l b m Phng c (B m Phng l m anh Nguyn Khoa Vn
tc Hi Triu sau ny).
Nhiu cuc truy iu c t chc trong thnh ph, thu ht s tham gia ng o ca dn
chng. Hc sinh trng Quc hc mun t chc l truy iu, nhng nh trng cm v khng
HD240406027

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cho hc sinh eo bng tang trong lp. L truy it c t chc ti nh tr ca anh Gip lc ny
ri n mt ngi nh trn dc Bn Ng, ni c nhiu hc sinh Quc hc ngoi tr, gia nh
t bn th.
Anh Gip v cc bn xoay xo mn l ng, gi nn. Bn hc n cht nh, ai ny u
eo bng tang. Trong khi hng nghi ngt, nhng ngi d l nghe c bi vn t v tuyn th
trc hng hn nh yu nc.
Nhng hot ng ca hc sinh Quc hc, ng Khnh v cc trng khc cng ng o nhn
dn tham d l truy iu c Phan Chu Trinh no ng kinh Hu. Mt thm theo di, ghi tn
mt s ngi vo s en.
he he , Xun B gn nh ti ( i b khong 2 km ) . Hi nh ti hc trng tiu hc Xun B
nn ko l g ch u . Lm U khng phi l ngi Qung Bnh , anh l ngi Thanh Ho .
Cn na , khng c chuyn "n nay,c mi do thu v,dn vng Xun B vn ra b sng cng
anh" nh bc ni Hi ph phng phi khng ? Nhng l s tht .
Xun B rt ngho , ngho thi ri lun . Dn t hc nn thanh nin kh gu , bn thanh
nin lng ti thng chong nhau vi bn
V c Gip . Qu ngoi ti ngay lng c Gip . Trc khi i hc tiu hc th gn nh l ti
vi ng b ngoi . Thc t thn sinh c Gip khng phi l " mt nh nho ngho " nh cc bc
vit trn u . Nh thn sinh c Gip thuc dng ph h trong lng , giu c . Sau cch mng
th gia cnh sa st dn . Thi y qu ti ko c nhiu gia nh c kh nng cho con vo hc tn
Quc hc Hu u , m phi l gia nh giu c , nhiu rung t th mi kham ni .
Lu lu c Gip v thm qu . By gi nh c do my ngi b con trng coi . My tay ny ch
lm n g , ton xin tin ln xin tin xung gi v sa ci ny sa ci kia trong nh n tin nn
dn trong lng cng ght .
Nh ti rt gn lng ng Dim ( Ng nh Dim ) , cch my trm mt . Thn sinh ng Dim
l ngi c th lc trong triu nh Hu trc y . Ngoi ra cn l ngi c o c nn dn
trong vng n trng . H hng nh Ng nh sau ny i thnh Ng c ht ( v sau nm 60 h
cng ti , b nh tan hoang )
Thi Nguyn Vn To ca nhm Cm Sn t Stalin v T Thu Thu, Phan Vn Hm, nhm
Cm Sn t Trtxkt, ra tranh c ti Nam K l thuc thp nin 30 bc thi nhi . Tnh hnh
thp nin 30 khc vi tnh hnh thp nin 20 khi c Phan Bi Chu b giam lng ti Hu. Vo thp
nin 30, Stalin bn ng cc ng cng sn chu u, lin kt vi cc nc t bn chun b
chng c. ng Cng Sn Php bt u lin kt vi phe t bn Php ti chnh quc v cho ra
i phong tro Mt trn Bnh Dn. Thi Mt trn Bnh Dn ny, Cng Sn tr thnh ho bng
hu ca chnh quyn Php ti bn quc cng nh ti cc x thuc a. Do , nhm To-ThuHm mi ra ng c c cng khai. Tuy nhin, sau ny m Nguyn Vn To, Nguyn Vn
Nguyn, Dng Bch Mai t Stalin nhn ch th trc tip ca ng CS Php l khng c
chi vi m cng ca Trt Kt l Thu, Hm, H Hu Tng na, nn h quay ra phn ph
cc ng ch Cm Sn t quc t trong nhm La Lutte (l nhm lm bo v cng l nhm
ng ra ng c. Ni th bc thi nhi thy l lun iu cn b nh nc ca bc thi nhi so
snh chuyn c Phan Bi Chu vi m Nguyn Vn To, T Thu Thu l kch cm.
Mt bn l cc tay Cm Sn sn sng hp tc vi chnh quyn thuc a bng cch ra ng c
hp php, khng quy ri nn bo h ca cc ng Ty; cn bn kia l Phan Bi Chu - mt
HD240406027

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Osama Bin Laden ca Vit Nam, mi lo canh cnh ca chnh quyn thuc a trong 20 nm tri.
Ngi ta thng ch bit Phan Bi Chu v vic ng chiu m hn trm sinh vin Vit Nam sang
Nht ng du. Tuy nhin, sch gio khoa trong nc by gi mun h thp thnh tch hot ng
ca c Phan bng cch khng nhc ti cc hot ng ca ng Vit Nam Quang Phc Hi m
c Phan l ng trng. C Phan c 3 nhm st th v Vit Nam: nhm th nht cm u
bi Nguyn Hi Thn - sau ny l ng trng Vit Nam Quc Dn ng , v H Ni, nhm th
hai theo ng Bangkok, nhm th ba vo Nam k. C 3 nhm c ch th dng lu n gy ra
cc hot ng khng b to ting vang khi dy phong tro yu nc ti VN. Cng lc , c
Phan cng lin lc v nhn c ti tr ca tnh bo c (khng phi c quc x ca nh
th chin, m l nc c di s cai tr ca mt Kaiser thi nht th chin) chng Php.
Trong 3 nhm, nhm Nam k lm hng vic hay b bt, h M khng nh. Nhm st th qua Thi
Lan c nm lu n cht mt hai tay cnh st Ty hng rui. Cn nhm st th ti H Ni ca
Nguyn Hi Thn th nm lu n vo mt nh hng ti mt khch sn Ty git c my s
quan Php.
Trc chin dch khng b ny my nm, c Phan Bi Chu mt m vi Hong Hoa Thm
t tr s tnh bo ni a ca mnh ti Yn Th. Hong Hoa Thm v Phan Bi Chu to thnh
th lin kt qun s/chnh tr Yn Th - Vit Nam Quang Phc. Khi HHT ng tr li vi Php
ln hai, Phan Bi Chu thu mua hng trm sng ti Trung Hoa, nh a theo ng thy t
M Lai v ni a. S sng u a v b M Lai chn bt c. S sng cn kt li ti Tu, v
sau Phan Bi Chu hin cho Tn Trung Sn khi Trung Hoa Quc Dn ng dy qun khi ngha
ti Tu.
Lin tc trong nhiu nm lin sau chin dch khng b k trn, ng vin Quang Phc Hi ca
Phan Bi Chu tn cng cc n l ca Ty dc bin gii Vit - Hoa, nhng tay vo v u
c lnh Ty ti H Ni. Cc ng vin Quang Phc cng tham gia trc tip vo vic ch huy
qun s trong ngha qun ca Hong Hoa Thm. in hnh l Lng Ngc Quyn, mt hc sinh
ng du ca c Phan trong la u tin vo 1905 cng vi Nguyn Hi Thn. Chnh tay ng
vin Quang Phc ny, sau khi khi ngha HHT tht bi, chnh l ngi t chc v cm u
khi ngha Thi Nguyn ca i Cn v sau ny.
Do ny, bc no chm theo di tin tc Al Quaeda s bit l c vi v tnh bo CIA hp tc vi
tnh bo Saudi Arabia, Pakixtan, Syrie vy bt my Al Quaeda ti cc nc ny. Trong tt c
cc ln vy bt, ng vin Al Quaeda u c bn qua bn li chng c n cng. Ly v d ny
so snh Cm Sn v Vit Nam Quang Phc Hi thi y. Cm Sn thi 30 m bc thi nhi
nhc ti l m Vit kiu Php v nc t Dng Bch Mai, Trn Vn Giu, Nguyn Vn To,
T Thu Thu, vv...H thuc m cng t con nh kh gi nh V Nguyn Gip vy. H hc
trng bo h Php ti Vit Nam, sau c tin i du hc sang Php. Khi v nc, h vit bo
ting Php, ng n din thuyt ting Php trong cc cuc mt tinh m c ta bao gm c m
Ty ch n in, m nh giu VN bn x. My m Ty-Vit i theo ng h Cm Sn v thi
y nc PHp b khng hong kinh t, nh bng ng Dng i x vi cc thng gia Vit,
Ty ti thuc a rt nghit ng; anh ch n in hay thng nhn no cng cn tin lm n
t nh bng, bun bn m c no th nh bng cng khng thng tnh, vn gi li sut cao,
vn phi tr phn li ng k hn. Khng lm ng hp ng vi nh bn ng Dng th b xit
nh ca, rung t, n in. Do , cc cuc din thuyt c t cua, t cy ca m Vit Kiu
Cm Sn nh Nguyn Vn To chi chnh quyn thuc a u c phe nh giu hng ng
nhit lit v gp phn vo thng li bu c ca h sau ny.
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Trong khi , ng vin Vit Nam Quang Phc Hi ca Phan Bi Chu l nhng phn t sng
ngoi vng php lut di con mt ca chnh quyn bo h Php v Nam Triu ging nh m
Al Quaeda by gi vy. V d in hnh l v cnh st Php vy bt tay ng vin Quang Phc
ng T Knh. Tay ny u sng lc vi cnh st ti lc ht n, b bt, v b t hnh sau .
Cc ng vin Quang Phc khc b bt l cng lnh n t hnh vi chung thn. Mt gng Vit
Nam Quang Phc khc l Phm Hng Thi tun tit ti Sa in. Theo Willam Duiker, chnh ng
vin Quang Phc Nguyn Hi Thn l ngi t chc ch to chic my nh c thuc n cho
Phm Hng Thi. Khi Thi nm chic my nh vo bn tic ca Ton quyn ng Dng Php
ti mt bn tic, b vy bt rit, tay ng vin Quang Phc Hi Phm Hng Thi ch c 2 la
chn: mt l t t, hai l b t hnh. V Phm Hng Thi chn gii php th nht, ng nhy
xung sng t t v i vo lch s. Xc ngi ng vin Vit Nam Quang Phc Hi ny v sau
c ngi Tu chn chung vi 72 lit s Hong Hoa Cng ca h.
Tng t nh vy, khi cc ng vin Vit Nam Quang Phc Hi nh Trn Cao Vn, Thi Phin
t chc cho vua Duy Tn trn khi Hu khng thnh, h cng b Ty x t hnh.
Cc tay ng vin Cm Sn khi b Ty bt th khng n ni bn lm nh l cc ng vin
Quang Phc. Ti ca ng vin Quang Phc Hi thng l khng b nn b bt l mt cht - hai
chung thn, trong khi ti ca ng vin Cm Sn ch l tuyn truyn. Cho nn, rt nhiu ng
vin cp cao ca Cm Sn thi y trong cc vai tr y vin trung ng, b th x y nh Ng
c Tr, Nghim Thng Bin, Dng Hc nh thnh tht khai bo, hp tc vi cng an
Php.
m ng ch gi v con chu cu ng ch vi ba ngi phi n bm vo c PHan th quanh
nm sut thng trong nh c ri bc mask , nn coi nh l din qun thc lun. Nh c
Phan thiu n thng xuyn, nu m "qun chng tin b" nh V Nguyn Gip m lc no
cng lai vng ch c , ngi ra k vo tp np th th cng phi tip t c cho gia nh c
ch u ho b thiu n nh th. Th my qun chng tin b lai vng nh phn ng Phan
Bi Chu th m cng an khu vc, nh trng, on th, phng khm ca ti Ty chng n
khng ghi vo s en lm phin g c ?
Thi bui go chu ci qu ny, c vt cho thng bi bt ngoi H Ni mt hai triu, thm mt
chu nhu na th tay y n li tn tiu s ca cc c nhn nh khu thi m. Th cho nn
mi c "truyn thuyt" l ht c Phan ng Lu, ri li ti c V Nguyn Gip lu lu li gh r
c Phan Bi Chu i chi game "V Lm Truyn K".
H M hi l th v qu trnh CM ca c Phan nh th ch ra ci s lo tot ca t liu "lch
s" m bc ptlinh a ln y v DT VNG. Mt phn t tm c Osama Bin Laden gc Vit Nam
nh Phan Bi Chu khi b bt l Php ln n ri. Nhng m dn Vit Nam thi y hng triu
ngi biu tnh, tun hnh i tha cho c. n mc m quan Ton quyn mi ca Php i
tun du ra H ni ln u l cc b, cc c bun thng bn bng dn cho biu tnh sut dc
ng quan i i th c. Mt phn t nh th th sc my m Ty n cho khch kha lai
vng. Mt phn t nh th th tay hot ng chng Ty no cng khng dm gn v s l tung
tch. Tt nhin c th c nhng k lai vng, gi v thm hi c Phan: l nhng tn c mi cho
mt thm Ty. Em khng tin c Gip xut thn lm c mi cho mt thm. Nn em cng khng tin
chuyn ba t l c Gip hi b c sang nh c Phan chi. Chuyn c Phan Bi Chu sang nh
c Nguyn Sinh Sc chi, c Nguyn Tt Thnh hu tr c Sn Tng vit li trong "Bp
Sen Xanh" - ch bit l h cu hay l thc na. Tuy nhin, n to thnh mt truyn thuyt l
Nguyn Tt Thnh c "dnh" n Phan Bi Chu. C Gip nh ta t 1945 ti 2005 cng l 60
nm rng, vit bao nhiu hi k, tr li khng bit bao nhiu phng vn, chuyn v u ca c
Gip l Nguyn Th Quang Thi b Ty git th no, chuyn i t c Gip th no, bao nhiu l
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sch v cng vit nt ra c ri m u c ai nhc ti c Phan. Th ri bt cht, c tay bi bt
"pht hin" ra l y c Gip ngy b cng tng...ong a vi c Phan.
. Bc khi li gi ging nhp nhng ca quan li triu nh ri (m c nhp nhng th quan mi
bo th ch!). Tt c nhng ngi trn c 3 ngi l Tng b th (Trn Ph, Nguyn Vn C, L
Hng Phong) 2 ngi kia l x y vin. Tuy nhin, tt c h mi u u b ln n t ch khng
b x t hnh nh cc ng vin Quang Phc Hi bc khi . Trn Ph v sau cht trong t.
Nhng ngi cn li ang i t th nhn v Nam K khi ngha nm 1940, Php ly c l h c
dy m r m vi cuc bo lon ny nn mi em ra x bn lun th. y ch l chnh sch nht
thi ca Php vi mt s vic trong hon cnh nht nh. Trong khi , cc tay Cm Sn ni
ting khc nh Ng Gia T, Trnh nh Cu, L Dun, Phm vn ng, Trn Vn Giu, Nguyn
Vn Knh, th ch b t thi ch u c b x bn nh cc ng vin Vit Nam Quang Phc Hi.
Ngay c c Tn c Thng v Phm Vn ng c dnh lu ti v git ngi tranh gi ti ng
Barbiere ti Si gn vo nm 1930 cng ch b t thi ch khng b n t. Ni nh th khng phi
h thp vai tr ca cc ng vin Cm Sn thi . C m ch mun nu ra l ti Php coi m
ng vin Vit Nam Quang Phc l ht thuc cha ri nn khi i x c hi thng tay hn m
Cm Sn. Tn d ca Vit Nam Quang Phc Hi v sau ny cn phi k n nhm Phc quc
qun ca Trn Trung Lp t chin vi Php ti Lng Sn nm 1940 (khi ngha Ba T n theo
cuc ng ny), mt s phn t VN Quang Phc Hi hp tc vi nhm Tn Quang Phit, o
Duy Anh lp ra ng Tn Vit m c Gip v c ng Thai Mai (bn hc v sau ny l b v c
Gip) tp tnh gia nhp sau ny. Khung t chc v nn tng l thuyt ca Vit Nam Quc Dn
ng ca Nguyn Thi Hc sau ny cng l t Vit Nam Quang Phc Hi; chnh ra c Phan Bi
Chu chnh l ngi i tn VNQPH sang Vit Nam Quc Dn ng. Vit Nam Thanh Nin
Cch Mnh ng Ch Hi ca Nguyn i Quc lp sau ny cng c s tham d ca cc ng
vin VN Quang Phc Hi nh Nguyn Hi Thn, L Hng Sn,... Ni th chng ta nhn thc
c s nguy him tm c Osama bin laden ca c Phan Bi chu vi chnh quyn Php. Nu
by gi Osama b Mo bt c giam lng th c bc Tu, bc Cuba, hay bc Vit Nam chng
Mo no dm lai vng ti tr chuyn vi c Osama v ....chuyn nm mng chng Mui (nm
vng chng M) khng? Th m c k li lo tot tn ra l tng V Nguyn Gip thi tr c n
m vi ngi t Phan Bi Chu.
. Nope! Chuyn go chu ci qu l chuyn ca bc mun ngh mun ni th no cng c.
Cn v chuyn lch s th nhng ng nh ng Gip d ko b ghi vo s en sn ri hay sao? Bc
tng mt thm Php ch bit n cm thi ? Chnh v b p lc biu tnh cho nn Php ko dm
x t ca Phan, cng v ko dm x t cho nn ng nhin ko dm cng khai ngn cm mi
ngi vo ra thm c. M nhng ch s nh l c Gip th lc vn cn ang hot ng cng
khai - thm hay l ko thm th Php n cng bit tng ra ri. N ko bt chng qua v ko c chng
c ngay lp tc, hoc l n cn theo di thm m thi. V th ti ko thy chuyn ng Gip
c li thm c Phan th c g l v l y c.
Mt khc nh c Phan ngho th c ngho tht, nhng li nh c mt hai ba chng nh ko
c hay sao? Ti c c trn vnthuquan chuyn "Ru lt" ko bit bc c cha? C
nhng ngi thng thng bc trung cn c th tht bn th, na l c trng ngha khinh ti
nh cc c Phan, ng Gip? Ni nh bc MDB y th ra phi giu mi c th thm hi nhau,
cn ngho th ng ca m ngi mt mnh ?
Vy thi. Bc mun ph thng bi bt no th y l ci chuyn ca bc. Ti c m thy c l th

ti ngi im tn thng. Nhc bng nhng cu chuyn suy lun ko logic th ti phi ln ting
trnh trc cho nh bc ci ting bi bt th thi.
P.S. Ti ch c thi, ko khng nh chuyn ng Gip thm c Phan l tht hay ko tht. Nhng
bng vo 2, 3 li tn ca bc M m dm khng nh ko phi th qu sc liu lnh. Chuyn c
Gip cha bao gi cp th l chuyn khc - c th k nh l mt nghi vn vy. Nhn c Gip
cn sng s s ra - bc M mun kim tra qua c Gip e ko phi l ko lm c.
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Ni th ny th kh ko phi. Vn Cuba ko lien quan g mi Osama c, m VN, TQ m mang vo
lm v d th cng ng ngn. Nhng nu M bt c Osama ri em giam hn trong t i, m
ko phi bit giam th dm l Iran vn qua thm Osama lm ! Hoc gi gi M ni in nh
Bc Hn ri "giam lng" th Phi den c qua thm cng ko l lm u.
P.S. c nhng k vn thng cho rng CS l nhng ngi a bo ng, vn hay khen cc
tm gng u tranh bt bo ng m h cho rng chng chng th chy cng s t c
thng nht t nc nh l M PHi chi - m thng thng th h hay d c Phan ra nh tm
gng. Gi thng qua bc MDB mi c bit ho ra chng l m "bi bt", "lo tot" hi
ngoi vy.
Cu M--B !
Ti c bi ca cu m ngm tng c l cu chnh l Gmail ri. V ch c Gmail mi c ci
ging ra v mnh hiu bit nhng li ton ni nhng iu so rng nh th. Ti xin li admin,
mod v tt c cc bn v ti khng c ng gp g cho topic ny m li post bi nh th. n
gin v ti khng mun nhng ngi nh MDB c tnh ph hng mt topic hay th ny. Tt nhin
mt s kin lch s phi qua nhiu gc nhn khc nhau th mi khch quan, tuy nhin phn theo
kiu MDB (hay Gmail) : " ng vin VNQPH ton b n p, trong khi ng vin CS th ton ngi
mt n bt vng" nh th th ti xin "vi" cc c mt ci di! Ti c c mt topic trong Nhng
Ngi Thch a th ny: "Do ny t gi ri, ch ngi vit li lch s vi hi k, ri ung ru
lm th lc xun sang. Nhng vo box LSVH thy my thng cha ch ngi y ging phn linh
tinh v lch s nn t kho box li. Nhng gi c l ln qu thnh ra khng bit cha
kho u". a th a thi, nhng c lm lc cng ng tht!
y l ch v i tng V Nguyn Gip, nu c ci nhau v Vit Nam Quang Phc Hi th
nn m 1 topic khc cho long.
V i tng, ti rt cm phc con ngi ng sau khi chin tranh kt thc. L mt cng thn bc
nht m li b tht sng, ng c tha lc lng "vy cnh" lm mt cuc "cch mng
nhung" a mnh ln. Nhng ng v s on kt dn tc, on kt trong ng m khng
lm th. ng qun i ci li ca bn thn, sn sng mang ci ting "tng V mt gip"
ngh ti tng lai dn tc. Nhng s ng gp khng nh cho s pht trin ng li t nc
gn y ca ng cng chng t iu .
Vo Nguyen Giap was born in Quang-binh Province, Vietnam, in 1912. He was

educated at the University of Hanoi where he gained a doctorate in economics.
After leaving university he taught history in Hanoi. He later joined the Communist
Party and took part in several demonstrations against French rule in Vietnam.
Vo Nguyen Giap was arrested in 1939 but escaped to China where he joined up
with Ho Chi Minh, the leader of the Vietnam Revolutionary League (Vietminh).
While in exile his sister was captured and executed. His wife was also sent to
prison where she died.
Between 1942 to 1945 Vo Nguyen Giap helped organize resistance to the
occupying Japanese Army. When the Japanese surrendered to the Allies after
the dropping of atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August, 1945, the
Vietminh was in a good position to take over the control of the country and Vo
Nguyen Giap served under Ho Chi Minh in the provisional government.
In September, 1945, Ho Chi Minh announced the formation of the Democratic
Republic of Vietnam. Unknown to the Vietminh Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston
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Churchill and Joseph Stalin had already decided what would happen to post-war
Vietnam at a summit-meeting at Potsdam. They had agreed that the country
would be divided into two, the northern half under the control of the Chinese and
the southern half under the British.
After the Second World War France attempted to re-establish control over
Vietnam. In January 1946, Britain agreed to remove her troops and later that
year, China left Vietnam in exchange for a promise from France that she would
give up her rights to territory in China.
France refused to recognise the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and fighting
soon broke out between the Vietminh and the French troops. At first, the
Vietminh under General Vo Nguyen Giap, had great difficulty in coping with the
better trained and equipped French forces. The situation improved in 1949 after
Mao Zedong and his communist army defeated Chaing Kai-Shek in China. The
Vietminh now had a safe-base where they could take their wounded and train
new soldiers.
By 1953, the Vietminh controlled large areas of North Vietnam. The French,
however, had a firm hold on the south. When it became clear that France was
becoming involved in a long-drawn out war, the French government tried to
negotiate a deal with the Vietminh. They offered to help set-up a national
government and promised they would eventually grant Vietnam its
independence. Ho Chi Minh and the other leaders of the Vietminh did not trust
the word of the French and continued the war.
French public opinion continued to move against the war. There were four main
reasons for this: (1) Between 1946 and 1952 90,000 French troops had been
killed, wounded or captured; (2) France was attempting to build up her economy
after the devastation of the Second World War. The cost of the war had so far
been twice what they had received from the United States under the Marshall
Plan; (3) The war had lasted seven years and there was still no sign of an
outright French victory; (4) A growing number of people in France had reached
the conclusion that their country did not have any moral justification for being in
Vietnam.
General Navarre, the French commander in Vietnam, realised that time was
running out and that he needed to obtain a quick victory over the Vietminh. He
was convinced that if he could manoeuvre Vo Nguyen Giap into engaging in a
large scale battle, France was bound to win. In December, 1953, General
Navarre setup a defensive complex at Dien Bien Phu, which would block the
route of the Vietminh forces trying to return to camps in neighbouring Laos.
Navarre surmised that in an attempt to reestablish the route to Laos, General
Giap would be forced to organise a mass-attack on the French forces at Dien
Bien Phu.
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Navarre's plan worked and General Giap took up the French challenge.
However, instead of making a massive frontal assault, Giap choose to surround
Dien Bien Phu and ordered his men to dig a trench that encircled the French
troops. From the outer trench, other trenches and tunnels were dug inwards
towards the centre. The Vietminh were now able to move in close on the French
troops defending Dien Bien Phu.
While these preparations were going on, Giap brought up members of the
Vietminh from all over Vietnam. By the time the battle was ready to start, Giap
had 70,000 soldiers surrounding Dien Bien Phu, five times the number of French
troops enclosed within.
Employing recently obtained anti-aircraft guns and howitzers from China, Giap
was able to restrict severely the ability of the French to supply their forces in Dien
Bien Phu. When Navarre realised that he was trapped, he appealed for help. The
United States was approached and some advisers suggested the use of tactical
nuclear weapons against the Vietminh. Another suggestion was that conventional
air-raids would be enough to scatter Giap's troops.
The United States President, Dwight Eisenhower, however, refused to intervene
unless he could persuade Britain and his other western allies to participate.
Winston Churchill, the British Prime Minister, declined claiming that he wanted to
wait for the outcome of the peace negotiations taking place in Geneva before
becoming involved in escalating the war.
On March 13, 1954, Vo Nguyen Giap launched his offensive. For fifty-six days
the Vietminh pushed the French forces back until they only occupied a small area
of Dien Bien Phu. Colonel Piroth, the artillery commander, blamed himself for the
tactics that had been employed and after telling his fellow officers that he had
been "completely dishonoured" committed suicide by pulling the safety pin out of
a grenade.
The French surrendered on May 7th. French casualties totalled over 7,000 and a
further 11,000 soldiers were taken prisoner. The following day the French
government announced that it intended to withdraw from Vietnam.
Vo Nguyen Giap remained commander-in-chief of the Vietminh throughout the
Vietnam War. Peace talks between representatives from United States, South
Vietnam, North Vietnam and the NLF had been taking place in Paris since
January, 1969. By 1972, Richard Nixon, like Lyndon B. Johnson before him, had
been gradually convinced that a victory in Vietnam was unobtainable.
In October, 1972, the negotiators came close to agreeing to a formula to end the
war. The plan was that US troops would withdraw from Vietnam in exchange for
a cease-fire and the return of 566 American prisoners held in Hanoi. It was also
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agreed that the governments in North and South Vietnam would remain in power
until new elections could be arranged to unite the whole country.
The main problem with this formula was that whereas the US troops would leave
the country, the North Vietnamese troops could remain in their positions in the
south. In an effort to put pressure on North Vietnam to withdraw its troops.
President Richard Nixon ordered a new series of air-raids on Hanoi and
Haiphong. It was the most intense bombing attack in world history. In eleven
days, 100,000 bombs were dropped on the two cities. The destructive power was
equivalent to five times that of the atom bomb used on Hiroshima. This bombing
campaign was condemned throughout the world. Newspaper headlines included:
"Genocide", "Stone-Age Barbarism" and "Savage and Senseless".
The North Vietnamese refused to change the terms of the agreement and so in
January, 1973, Nixon agreed to sign the peace plan that had been proposed in
October. However, the bombing had proved to be popular with many of the
American public as they had the impression that North Vietnam had been
"bombed into submission."
The last US combat troops left in March, 1973. It was an uneasy peace and by
1974, serious fighting had broken out between the NLF and the AVRN. Although
the US continued to supply the South Vietnamese government with military
equipment, their army had great difficulty using it effectively.
President Nguyen Van Thieu of South Vietnam appealed to President Richard
Nixon for more financial aid. Nixon was sympathetic but the United States
Congress was not and the move was blocked. At its peak US aid to South
Vietnam had reached 30 billion dollars a year. By 1974 it had fallen to 1 billion.
Starved of funds, Thieu had difficulty paying the wages of his large army and
desertion became a major problem.
The spring of 1975 saw a series of National Liberation Front victories. After
important areas such as Danang and Hue were lost in March, panic swept
through the AVRN. Senior officers, fearing what would happen after the
establishment of an NLF government, abandoned their men and went into hiding.
The NLF arrived in Saigon on April 30, 1975. Soon afterwards the Socialist
Republic of Vietnam was established. In the new government Vo Nguyen Giap
was minister of defence and deputy premier.
Vo Nguyen Giap
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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General Vo Nguyen Giap (Vietnamese: V Nguyn Gip - V is his family name) (born
1912) is a Vietnamese four-star general, who was the military leader of the Viet Minh
guerrilla group under H Ch Minh's political leadership, and of the Peoples' Army of
Vietnam (PAVN) in the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
[edit]
Biography
Giap was born in the village of An Xa, Quang Binh province. His father worked the land,
rented out land to neighbors, and was not poor. At 14, Giap became a messenger for the
Haiphong Power Company and shortly thereafter joined the Tan Viet Cach Mang Dang, a
romantically-styled revolutionary youth group. Two years later he entered Quoc Hoc, a
French-run lycee in Hue, from which two years later, according to his account, he was
expelled for continued Tan Viet movement activities. In 1933, at the age of twenty-one,
Giap enrolled in Hanoi University. He studied for three years and was awarded a degree
falling between a bachelor and master of arts. Had he completed a fourth year he
automatically would have been named a district governor upon graduation, but he failed
his fourth year entrance examination.
While at Hanoi University, Giap met one Dang Xuan Khu, later known as Truong Chinh,
destined to become Vietnamese communism's chief ideologue, who converted him to
communism. During this same period Vo came to know another young Vietnamese who
would be touched by destiny, Ngo Dinh Diem.
While studying law at the University, Giap supported himself by teaching history at the
Thang Long High School, operated by Huynh Thuc Khang, another major figure in
Vietnamese affairs. Former students say Vo loved to diagram on the blackboard the many
military campaigns of Napoleon, and that he portrayed Napoleon in highly revolutionary
terms.
In 1939, he published his first book, co-authored with Truong Chinh titled "The Peasant
Question", which argued not very originally that a communist revolution could be
peasant-based as well as proletarian-based.
In September 1939, with the French crackdown on communism, Giap fled to China
where he met H Ch Minh for the first time; he was with H at the Chingsi (China)
Conference in May 1941, when the Viet Minh was formed to take back Vietnam from the
French. At the end of 1941 Vo found himself back in Vietnam, in the mountains, with
orders to begin organizational and intelligence work among the Montagnards. Working
with a local bandit named Chu Van Tan, Giap spent World War II running a network of
agents throughout northern Vietnam.
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Between 1942 to 1945 Giap helped organize resistance to the occupying Japanese Army
with the assistance of the American Office of Strategic Services (OSS - later known as
the CIA). After the Japanese occupiers interned the Vichy French collaborators,
suspecting them of preparing to change sides, the Americans had little choice but to
collaborate with the Viet Minh. When the Japanese surrendered to the Allies in August,
1945, the Vietminh was in a good position to take over the control of the country and
Giap served under H Ch Minh in the provisional government.
In September, 1945, H Ch Minh announced the formation of the Democratic Republic
of Vietnam. H had been confident of the support of his wartime allies, the Americans,
but any residual loyalty felt by the US was quickly lost in their Cold War desire to
conciliate the French, and the colony was returned to them. France refused to recognise
the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and fighting soon broke out between the Vietminh
and the French troops. At first, the Vietminh under General Vo Nguyen Giap had great
difficulty in coping with the better trained and equipped French forces. The situation
improved in 1949 after Mao Zedong and his communist army defeated Chiang Kai-Shek
in China. The Vietminh now had a safe-base where they could take their wounded and
train new soldiers.
General Navarre, the French commander in Vietnam, realised that time was running out
and that he needed to obtain a quick victory over the Vietminh. He was convinced that if
he could maneuver Vo Nguyen Giap into engaging in a large scale battle, France was
bound to win. In December, 1953, General Navarre set up a defensive complex at Dien
Bien Phu, which would block the route of the Vietminh forces trying to return to camps
in neighbouring Laos. Navarre surmised that in an attempt to reestablish the route to
Laos, General Giap would be forced to organise a mass-attack on the French forces at
Dien Bien Phu.
Vo proved his brilliance as a logistician when he had his troops disassemble artillery
pieces and antiair weapons, mostly supplied by China and the Soviet Union, and packed
them over the mountains onto the high ground overlooking the French garrison.
Thousands of men with no more than bicycles for transportation delivered the tons of
supplies and munitions necessary for a long siege.
Giap concentrated seven thousand to eight thousand soldiers, along with two hundred
heavy guns, against the French garrison, which totaled fifteen thousand men. Since
weather and Vietminh gunners prevented all but a few deliveries of resupplies, the French
retreated to the interior posts, while the Vietminh advanced through tunnels and trenches
and under support of superior artillery. On May 7, 1954, the French surrendered. Of the
original force, five thousand were dead. Of the ten thousand who surrendered, half were
wounded. Estimates of communist casualties exceeded twenty-five thousand, but Vo had
won his Phase III battle. In leaving Indochina, the French negotiated a partition that
separated the Communist North from the American-dominated South.
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In 1959 Vo and the North Vietnamese began supporting communist guerrillas in the
south known as Vietcong. Vo continued his three phases of warfare, remaining
reasonable successful with I and II in fighting the superior arms and numbers of the
South Vietnamese and their American allies. As long as he remained patient, Vo fared
well. In 1965, however, he challenged the first American combat divisions with North
Vietnamese divisions across the border into neighboring sanctuaries.
Vo attempted to recreate his successes on the Americans with the Tet Offensive during
the lunar New Year celebrations in 1968 when North Vietnamese forces temporarily
captured most provincial southern capitals. International news headlines were made as
the ground floor of the U.S. Embassy in Saigon was attacked and put into contention, and
the Dien Bien Phu-like siege of Khe Sanh ensued. But in less than six weeks the
Americans and the South Vietnamese virtually annihilated the Vietcong and seriously
depleted the North Vietnamese forces.
One controversial theory raised by historians is that the Tet Offensive was aimed at trying
to damage American morale and send shock waves to the home front. If this was true,
then Giap succeeded as the images shown across America heightened the American
public's reluctance to continue participation in the conflict. Before the Tet Offensive
occurred, the public were told by the administration that they were ultimately winning
against the Vietnamese, yet when the Offensive happened, it showed that America was
going to be trapped in a long fight.
The eventual success of Giap and North Vietnam depended on outlasting American
commitment to the war, and waiting until the United States withdrew most of its troops.
In 1972 Giap started the Eastertide Offensive. South Vietnamese troops, supported by
American air power, once again stopped the communist offensive. The losses were so
great that the communists removed Giap from command and returned him to Hanoi as
minister of defense. The North Vietnamese forces finally defeated South Vietnam and
reunited the country into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 1975. Giap was made
minister of defence and deputy premier in the new government.
Giap, who never trained as a military leader other than reading some articles in an old
encyclopedia, nonetheless proved himself as a master at accomplishing victory against
tremendous odds. His tactics were simple, and he allowed his subordinate commanders
much latitude. In the end, his willingness to fight as long as necessary and sustain as
many casualties as required gained him victory and unification of his country. He is cited
in Vietnam as a "national treasure," and regarded internationally as a unique expert on
guerrilla warfare.
His metaphoric appellation is Nui Lua, roughly "volcano beneath the snow" meaning a
cold exterior but boiling within, an apt description of his personality according to those
who know him. Associates also have described him as forceful, arrogant, impatient and
dogmatic.
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Vo has been a prolific writer whose titles include "Big Victory, Great Task", "Dien Bien
Phu" and "Once Again We Will Win."
[edit]
External links
CNN
Interview (http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/11/interviews/giap/)
General Vo Biography (http://carpenoctem.tv/military/giap.html)
Nobody Gets Off the Bus:

The Viet Nam Generation Big
Book
Volume 5 Number 1-4
March 1994
Texts made available by the Sixties Project, are generally copyrighted by
the Author or by Viet Nam Generation, Inc., all rights reserved. These
texts may be used, printed, and archived in accordance with the Fair Use
provisions of U.S. Copyright law. These texts may not be archived,
printed, or redistributed in any form for a fee, without the consent of the
copyright holder. This notice must accompany any redistribution of the
text. A few of the texts we publish are in the public domain. For
information on a specific text, contact Kal Tal. The Sixties Project,
sponsored by Viet Nam Generation Inc. and the Institute of Advanced
Technology in the Humanities at the University of Virginia at
Charlottesville, is dedicated to using electronic resources to provide
routes of collaboration and make available primary and secondary
sources for researchers, students, teachers, writers and librarians
interested in the 1960s.
An Officer and a Gentleman:

General Vo Nguyen Giap as
Military Man and Poet
Cecil B. Currey
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Outstanding generals in the western world have been known more for their victories and
personalities than for their erudition or interest in aesthetics. This is not a criticism but
simply a matter of recognizing their orientation. Despite the fame of fighting war poets
such as Siegfried Sassoon (1886-1967), Thomas Hardy (1840-1920), Wilfred Owen
(1893-1918), Randall Jarrell (1914-1965) and others--none of whom ever sought or
desired flag rank--battlefield realities seldom heighten poetic sensitivities.
We know the reputations of famous generals and recall snapshot images of them. We can
recall pictures of Erwin Rommel's begoggled and dust-caked face as he stared from the
open hatch of a desert tank. We can visualize Douglas MacArthur striding unarmed along
trench parapets facing out into No Man's Land during the Great War, wearing about his
neck a long hand-knit muffler and brandishing a swagger stick in his fist.
If we are no personally old enough to remember those desperate wartime days, we can
still see George C. Scott in the movie role of Georgie Patton, slapping a hospital patient
who suffered from combat fatigue, called today Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Pictures
abound of Dwight Eisenhower's broad smile and friendly way as he endeavored to
orchestrate joint allied efforts in the European Theater and to smooth over jealousies and
ruffled feelings.
Those who know a little about British leaders of World War II have read accounts
detailing how Field Marshal Viscount Bernard Law Montgomery stockpiled men and
matriel before launching a military campaign until he was ready to advance toward
enemy lines--in the words of General Patton--"like a fighting white rabbit." Americans
rejoiced as they learned of the exploits of Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov, the great
Russian general, as he led the eastern drive toward Berlin and the final destruction of
Hitlerism. U.S. citizens were impressed by the taciturn solemnity and ineffable dignity of
the American wartime chief of staff, George Catlett Marshall.
Many readers will recall later years in which television news reports showed the snowy
crown and carefully pressed and tailored uniforms of William Childs Westmoreland as he
led U.S. military efforts to pacify enemy fighters operating within the Republic of Viet
Nam. During the Recent Desert Storm, television repeatedly brought us images of the
poise and gracious, easy professionalism of General Colin Powell and the brusque
mannerisms of General H. Norman Schwartzkopf, Jr.
A list such as this of famous recent military leaders could easily be lengthened. The
results would not change if their numbers were increased or if we selected western
generals from any other earlier time period. They reflected what was expected of them by
their peers, their leaders, their society.
Authors have provided us with much information about these fighters and, sometimes,
they have written accounts of their own. We know their rise through officer ranks until
they received the coveted stars of a general. We know their campaigns and their casualty
figures, their exploits their achievements, and their victories. Inevitably, however,
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western generals were (and are) men of practical bent--individuals who mastered the art
of moving masses of men, varied military units, and mountains of supplies at the proper
time and into the appropriate place on a battlefield in such a way as to overpower enemy
forces. They have become eminently successful practitioners of the art of war. Further,
they have often possessed a sometimes canny awareness of political realities, enabling
them to protect and advance their own careers and their rise to flag rank. Their success in
this has sometimes even allowed them to move from the realm of military matters into
national politics.
Anyone reading historical accounts of the careers of these men inevitably comes to the
conclusion that, while they were great military captains, they were also primarily
individuals with a limited grasp of ideas apart from the application of tactics. Their own
writing--whether autobiographical or analytical--bear out this view. We certainly do not
think of them as scholars, or as cultured members of their own society, nor has anyone
suggested that they ought to be so. We have been content to allow most generals to
remain military craftsmen. We have sought nothing more from them than that they be
capable of achieving battlefield victories.
Even a moment's reflection makes clear that few of our great military captains have been
well-rounded men with broad knowledge, skilled in any area other than that which has
enabled them "to cry havoc" and allow them to "let slip the dogs of war." There have
been some few exceptions. Dwight Eisenhower, in later life, found contentment as a
gentleman farmer at Gettysburg and derived pleasure from producing amateur oil
paintings. George Catlett Marshall made an successful transition from high military
command to cabinet level direction of America's foreign and defense policies within a
profession not noted for its literary achievements. His greatest writing, and it will long
live in memory, was his 1947 proposal that became known as the Marshall Plan.
Rommel's 1937 publication of infanterie Greift An (The Infantry Attacks) pretended to be
no more than it was--a military textbook on tactics. Patton died in 1945; the posthumous
1947 publication of his War As I Knew It was a disappointing, uneven book that, while it
bespoke the general's wide reading, failed to provide any evidence of a cultured man.
Eisenhower's Crusade in Europe was dull and pedantic. British Field Marshall
Montgomery's two best-known works, Memoirs (1958) and The Path to Leadership
(1961) frantically extolled his own virtues and gave little hint that he eschewed not only
military innovation but imagination. Published in English in 1971 as The Memoirs of
Marshall Zhukov, the Russian general's work is singularly devoid of any material other
than what is necessary to describe his role in military history. Westmoreland's A Soldier
Reports left much unexplained and nowhere tended toward artistic merit. Nor has any
resounding note of literary merit flowed from the pen of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff and Schwartzkopf's recent autobiography, It Doesn't Take a Hero, despite the
efforts of his writer, Peter Petre, fails to achieve more than an exciting, action-packed
story, which is, after all, what was intended.
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Only MacArthur, as well-educated as any, had a penchant for pithy phrases, some of
which will long be remembered, as when he spoke of the "mournful mutter of musketry"
or called the minds of academy cadets to "duty, honor, country," and revealed that "old
soldiers never die." The Reminiscences of this imperious and pretentious man, published
in 1964, are a pleasure to read.
Asian military captains have had an alternate role to play within their societies. They are
expected to be more than battlefield victors, in part, perhaps, to offset the blood they had
shed, for soldiery has never ranked very high among the professions of the East. We have
read of Chinese warriors who were artists, and who, with brush and ink, could produce
simple ideograms of startling beauty. We know of Japanese generals who were adepts in
the traditional tea ceremony of their land or who left memorable inscriptions in the three
lines and seventeen syllables of haiku, or who quietly cultivated the stone and sand
gardens within the walls of their home. On the field of battle they might be filled with
blood-lust; in the quiet of their homes they sought harmony with nature.
For the last several years I have been studying the career of Senior General [D'ai T'o'ng]
Vo Nguyen Giap. It is he of whom I will speak here. I have met and talked with Giap,
interviewed his compatriots and buried myself in the requisite sources. I have recently
completed a manuscript biography of him, and thus know him and his background fairly
well. He is not a nice man, but then neither were other warriors from Attila the Hun and
Timur the Lame to Napoleon, Zhukov, Patton and MacArthur. Nice men do not become
legendary generals; they teach Sunday school classes or become professors of history or
military chaplains.
Giap is best known for his fanatical obsession with freeing his homeland from western
domination and uniting it under the communist rule of Ha Noi; for staggering battlefield
losses he was willing to absorb in furtherance of those ends; and for his skill as a
logistician as he moved men and supplies across impossible terrain in sufficient numbers
to accomplish his goals. His icy exterior overlay a temper so fiery the French described
him as a "snow-covered volcano" and, sometimes, even Ho Chi Minh had difficulty
keeping him within bounds.
There is, however, another and less well known aspect of General Giap. Insofar as
westerners are familiar with his prolific writings, we are apt to recall the turgid prose,
repetitive, clichd harangues, slogans, occasional fictions and sweeping generalizations
of People's War, People's AmyI (New York: Praeger, 1962), or Big Victory, Big Task
(New York: Praeger, 1967).
His voluminous speeches, regularly given to captive audiences, were stultifying, with
titles so awesome they could have been drafted only by a communist or by a college
professor preparing for a presentation at a major history conference. One such address,
given in 1971, is much like many others he offered. Giap labeled it: "Let Us Step Up the
Task of Reviewing, Studying, and Developing Vietnamese Military Science as a Positive
Contribution to Defeating the U.S. Aggressors." It had an introduction and five lengthy
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parts and liking the sound of his own voice, he went through each portion with
meticulous care so those in the audience would not miss any of his thoughts on the
subject. His audience was undoubtedly aghast with appreciation at his thoroughness and
we can imagine how their brows must have wrinkled in anticipation as he neared the end
of his lengthy tirade.
Many of his publications have similar titles: The Party's Great Experiences in Leadership
Over Armed Struggle and the Building of Revolutionary Armed Forces (Ha Noi: Su That
Publishing House, 1961), "The Brilliant Victories and Great Power of the People's War in
the Local Areas" (Ha Noi: Hoc Tap, Vietnamese Studies #8, Aug 1969), Victory of the
People's War Against the War of Destruction in the Towns and Industrial Centers of
Socialist Viet Nam (Ha Noi: People's Army Publishing House, 1972), or Viet Nam
People's War Has Defeated the U.S. War of Destruction (Ha Noi: Foreign Languages
Publishing House, 1969).
There is, however, another and less well known aspect of General Giap's public
declamations. Although he normally felt it to be his duty to extol the virtues of socialism
(one wonders how his mind escaped total paralysis as he spewed forth such nonsense),
and call for objectives such as "one hectare per laborer, three hogs per hectare," when the
setting was right and he wished to do so, he could speak with beauty and grace, his words
suddenly devoid of their usual communist jargon.
He has a real ability as an orator, a writer, a poet, and he has occasionally called upon
that talent. In 1980, in a visit to a historical site in Hai Hung province to celebrate the
sixth hundredth birthday of Nguyen Trai, one of the comrades of the famous Vietnamese
hero, Le Loi, Giap reminisced about his own days as a warrior. He told how he had
drawn inspiration from the example of Nguyen Trai.
In his graceful tribute to Nguyen Trai, Giap said that he, like the ancient poet, was "very
proud of his beautiful country with its imposing mountains and rivers, its abundance of
produce, proud of its old civilization and unique lifestyle, proud of its brilliant and heroic
history of resisting foreign aggression." His choice of words was better that day, free
from the constraints of mind-numbing cant that usually beset them. Then he rose to even
greater heights.
Remembering his life in the back country wilderness of Viet Nam as he and his Viet
Minh warriors fought the First Indochinese War against the French, Giap told how "the
mountains and rivers [then] appeared fresh and new." He elaborated, in a lyric moment of
memory: "The chirp of a bird, the petal of a flower, a gentle breeze, a few drops of rain, a
gust of wind in the spring, all of these could stir the soul of a poet." And in that moment,
for at least the second time in his life, this pur et dure Communist doctrinaire became a
poet. In Haiku-like lines, he declaimed:
Talents were like leaves in the autumn,
and heroes appeared like the dawn."
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and again:
When a herdsman played his flute,
The moon rose higher in the sky.
"Literature," Giap said that day in closing his tribute to Nguyen Trai, "can and must
elevate a man's soul." It was one of his finest hours.
My interest in these matters came about as a result of long years of acquiring war poetry
and reading to my students the verse of soldiers of the Great War. Over time I added
examples from the American Civil War, World War II and the Viet Nam war. Then while
researching the life of Vo Nguyen Giap, I came across a paper in his file at the Indochina
Archives (University of California, Berkeley) that provided for me a new dimension to
him whom I studied. Inside a slim volume by Vit Ph'o'ng entitled We Fight Yankees,
Therefore We Exist ([np: np, nd]) appeared a reprint of a poem said to have been found
on the body of a dead northern Vietnamese soldier. The man had recopied it from some
other source and, because it bespoke emotions within his own heart, kept it with him. The
page was charred and bloodstained when found on his body. The soldier's copy indicated
it had been composed by Giap.
The poem expresses a man's romantic, emotional statement of longing for an absent
loved one, yearning for reunion, while simultaneously declaiming the necessity of
fulfilling his warrior's responsibilities of battle and possible death.
Giap might well have written such sentiments. He had experienced romantic tragedy in
his own personal life.
In early 1939, Giap married the diminutive Dang Thi Quang Thai, daughter of his good
friend and benefactor, Professor Dang Thai Mai. In after years, friends observed that he
was never happier in his life, before or after, than during those few months which
followed his wedding.
As war broke around them, Giap and Quant Thai kept their heads down and tried to
maintain a reasonably normal life. In May 1939, four months before the German war
machine exploded across the fields of Poland, Giap and Quang Thai conceived a child.
On 4 January, 1940, Quang Thai gave birth to a baby girl. Giap have his daughter the
beautiful name of Hong Anh, or "red queen of flowers."
Those quiet days lasted only a few months. In April, 1940, the communist party's Central
Committee decided to send Giap and a comrade to safety in China where they might
there plan for the launching of a future guerrilla movement within Viet Nam. Quang Thai
was to remain behind.
The newlyweds said their good-byes on the bank of Ha Noi's West Lake one Friday
afternoon, 3 May 1940. Giap taught at the private lyce, Thang Long [Rising Dragon] in
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the city. By leaving on a Friday, he would have the entire weekend to make good his
escape from the watchful eyes of the French colonial Sret Nationale de l'Indochine's
Deuxieme Bureau. Only when he failed to show for classes the following Monday
morning would anyone begin to raise questions about his absence and even then several
more hours would pass before police could be notified and an alarm raised.
Giap held the baby as he and Quang Thai walked beside the lake. He urged his wife to go
underground as quickly as possible so no harm would come to her or Hong Anh. Quang
Thai cried quiet tears as they slowly walked back from the lake down Co Ngu Road. At
last they broke apart and went their separate ways. They would never see one another
again.
Like many others before and since, they paid in blood for their devotion to a cause. In
May 1941 Quang Thai was arrested by the 2eme Bureau in her home town of Vinh, chief
city of Nghe An province. Only moments before the police arrived, she entrusted Hong
Anh, now one-and-a-half years old, to Giap's mother.
The French took Quang Thai back to Ha Noi and jailed her at Hao Lo [literally: the
Oven] prison, known years later by American flyers as the "Hanoi Hilton." She was tried
before a military court for conspiracy against the security of France and sentenced to life
imprisonment. While in Hao Lo she was tortured to the edge of sanity and perhaps
beyond. Unable to endure the pain any longer, she allegedly killed herself while in her
cell by swallowing her giai rut, a kind of soft belt material. U.S. intelligence sources later
claimed she died another way: the French hung her by the thumbs and beat her to death.
Giap had no chance to communicate with Quang Thai after his flight from Ha Noi in
1940. Throughout the years of the war he lived in hiding in the far northern reaches of
Viet Nam as he developed ways of combating the Japanese and French. It was not until
15 April 1945, when he traveled to Bac Giang for a meeting of the Central Committee
that he received word of his wife. He later wrote that he looked forward to the meeting: "I
thought I would at last have news from my family from whom I had not heard for all
these years. I had written letters but didn't know if they ever arrived and I was thinking it
would not be long until I had news."
Terrible news awaited him at Bac Giang. An old comrade, Truong Chinh, casually turned
to him during a group conversation and, as an example of the danger in which they all
lived, recalled the case of Giap's wife: "Thai was caught because she didn't have time to
find someone to care for the baby. She died in prison before we could do anything."
Giap felt his blood chill. He finally asked, "You say Thai is dead?"
"What?" Truong Chinh replied. "You didn't know?"
Giap sat quietly, speechless for long minutes. Then he silently rose and left his fellows,
desperate to find a way to accept the idea of the death of his wife. He later wrote that he
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looked forward to the meeting: "I thought I would at last have news from my family from
whom I had not heard for all these years. I had written letters but didn't know if they ever
arrived and I was thinking it would not be long until I had news."
Terrible news awaited him at Bac Giang. An old comrade, Truong Chinh, casually turned
to him during a group conversation and, as an example of the danger in which they all
lived, recalled the case of Giap's wife: "Thai was caught because she didn't have time to
find someone to care for the baby. She died in prison before we could do anything."
Giap felt his blood chill. He finally asked, "You say Thai is dead?"
"What?" Truong Chinh replied. "You didn't know?"
Giap sat quietly, speechless for long minutes. Then he silently rose and left his fellows,
desperate to find a way to accept the idea of the death of his wife.
Those were Giap's experiences with personal heartbreak. From them he might well have
drafted the lines which are attributed to him in the dead soldier's copybook. He thus
becomes, unexpectedly, another example of the Eastern general who knows more than
the art of war.
Kiss
The earth bore you here.
To bring beauty.
The earth bore me here
To love you deeply.
In love people kiss.
The sweetness they would not miss.
My heart is passionate for you
Still I must go to battle.
My love, it is possible
That I may die in combat
The lips torn there by bullets
Might never be kissed [again] by yours.
Even if I die, my love,
I love you, though I am unable
To kiss you with the lips
Of a slave.
Vo Nguyen Giap
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My thanks to Ho Thi Xuan Hong (whose name means "Spring Rose"), Nguyen Hai Quoc,
and his father, Nguyen Khac Niem, for their translation of Giap's poem.
Gen. Voer the French banned the Communist Party, Giap fled to China
where he became a key deputy of Ho Chi Minh and was given command
over the Viet Minh guerrilla forces fighting the Japanese from 1940 to
1945. The Communists seized control in 1945 and Giap became one of
the top figures in the newly formed government.
During the war against the French, Giap shaped the People's Army of
Vietnam (PAVN) into a potent fighting force. His histwell-protected artillery. He
achieved French surrender just days before the Ger. Gen. Vo Nguyen Giap is perhaps the
most important figure in the early history of communist Vietnam -- with the exception of Ho Chi
Minh. At the end of World War II, Ho named Giap commander in chief of the Viet Minh forces
fighting French colonial rule. Giap orchestrated the defeat of the French at the battle of Dien Bien
Phu in 1953 and remained minister of defense of the newly independent Democratic Republic of
Vietnam. He was the chief North Vietnamese military leader in the subsequent war against U.S.
forces. This interview, which was conducted in May 1996, has been translated from Vietnamese.
On the battle of Dien Bien Phu:
The Dien Bien Phu campaign is a great and first victory of a feudal colonial nation, whose
agricultural economy is backward, against the great imperialist capitalist which has a modern
industry and a great army. Thus, it means a lot to us, to people all over the world, and to other
countries. This is also how Ho Chi Minh saw it.
We see the Dien Bien Phu victory as the victory [over] the French army and [over] the
intervention of the Americans --because in the Dien Bien Phu campaign, 80 percent of the war
expenditures were spent by the Americans. The Americans had their hands in it. So the Dien
Bien Phu defeat was a defeat for both the French and the Americans. But whether the Americans
had drawn the lessons from that, I don't think so. That's why the Americans continued in South
Vietnam. ...
When we received news of the Dien Bien Phu victory, everyone practically jumped up in the air,
they were so happy about it. But Ho Chi Minh said that this is only victory of the first step: we
have yet to fight the Americans. It was very clear then.
On the United States' involvement in Vietnam:
In 1945, some Americans parachuted into our war zone [for a] meeting [with] our late President
Ho Chi Minh. ... Back then, President Roosevelt's attitude was that the U.S. did not want to see
events like the war with France coming back to Indochina, but later this attitude was changed.
After the August Revolution in 1945, the relationship between Vietnam and the U.S. could have
been good, and we wished that it had been good.
Then only the intelligent people or those with vision and wisdom, such as Eisenhower, ... saw the
impracticality of the [domino] theory. And any mistakes were due to following the domino theory.
They thought that if the theory was put into practice here, it would become the pivotal location for
[preventing] the spread of communism to the whole Southeast Asia. So Vietnam was made the
central location to check the expansion of communism, and this was what President Kennedy
believed, and it was mistake. ...
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The Americans sent advisers to each and every division in the South Vietnamese [army] before
1965. In 1965, they started to commit big forces. We discussed among ourselves in the Politburo
whether at that point it was ... a limited war. We decided that it was already a limited war. We
discussed it in the Politburo that with America bringing in gigantic forces was to carry out a new
campaign, with the American forces committed, it was not good for America but it would be very
hard for us to fight. The struggle would be very fierce but we already concluded that we would win
the war. ...
On fighting technologically superior U.S. forces:
When American combat forces were committed, it was a myth that we could not fight and win
because they were so powerful. ... [We survived] because of our courage and determination,
together with wisdom, tactics and intelligence. During the attacks of B-52s, we shot down a few
B-52s and captured documents. One of them was a order by the [U.S.] air command about the
targets to be bombed in and around Hanoi and the positions of [our] forces. Some [of the figures]
were correct, [but] some were wrong because of our deception [measures]. And our conclusion
was that with such anti-air-power measures, the B-52 is not an effective way to fight. ...
We had to resort to different measures, some of which are quite simple, like hiding in man-holes
and evacuating to the countryside. And we fought back with all our forces and with every kind of
weapon. We fought with anti-aircraft artilleries and with small guns, even though [it was]
sometimes solely with the strength of our local force. An 18-year-old girl once said that she
followed routes every day and studied the patterns of American flights and when they would
attack. I told her that she is a philosopher to understand that, because only philosophers talk
about principles. Later she used small gun to shoot down an aircraft from a mountainside. That is
an example of the military force of the common people. ... We had ingenuity and the
determination to fight to the end.
I appreciated the fact that they had sophisticated weapon systems but I must say that it was the
people who made the difference, not the weapons. There was also a human factor involved. [As
to] whether they were tempted to use nuclear weapons during the war: there was a time during
the Dien Bien Phu campaign in which the Americans were going to use nuclear weapons, and
this is back in 1954 during the Eisenhower era. We were also aware of possible use of nuclear
weapons and we were prepared for it. But whether the Americans could really use nuclear
weapons was a question of international politics, and it also depended on the American allies. But
looking at the intertwined forces, as the situation was, the result [of a nuclear blast] would not be
good, and the Americans had to think hard. If nuclear weapons were used on locations where the
Vietnamese troops were concentrated, it [would] also [affect] American troops.
On the Ho Chi Minh Trail:
The Ho Chi Minh Trail was a very extensive system; it started with a trail but later became a road.
Many roads, actually: the Western road system and the Eastern road systems, criss-crossing
here and there. And also there were the extensive systems of gas pipelines and communications
lines, and routes on rivers and across the sea. We did everything possible to keep the whole
system going. I visited many important points which were subjected to many B-52 bombings 23
out of 24 hours a day; we had many teams working toward maintaining the operation, including a
team made up of women who had to use iron rings to defuse the [unexploded] bombs. ...
We made big sacrifices. I visited a dozen girls who maintained the route in Dong Lap of Nghe An
Province; they showed me how they invented camouflage to cover the lamps so that those in
vehicles can see, but the planes could not see. They urged us to move fast; and they all died
during the bombing. There was danger of the trail being cut off, but it never really was cut off.
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With a long procession of vehicles, and with the bombing from the B-52s, it was very difficult, but
we had to use both courage and wisdom. There are some routes that the Americans did not know
about, but if they had used a telescope they would have seen the routes quite clearly. But we did
not use those routes. We used some secret smaller trails as a detour and we went during the
day.
On the Tet Offensive:
The Tet Offensive is a long story. ... It was our policy, drawn up by Ho Chi Minh, to make the
Americans quit. Not to exterminate all Americans in Vietnam, [but] to defeat them.
It could be said [Tet] was a surprise attack which brought us a big victory. For a big battle we
always figured out the objectives, the targets, so it was the main objective to destroy the forces
and to obstruct the Americans from making war. But what was more important was to de-escalate
the war -- because at that time the American were escalating the war -- and to start negotiations.
So that was the key goal of that campaign. But of course, if we had gained more than that it
would be better.
And [after Tet] the Americans had to back down and come to the negotiating table, because the
war was not only moving into the cities, to dozens of cities and towns in South Vietnam, but also
to the living rooms of Americans back home for some time. And that's why we could claim the
achievement of the objective.
On the U.S. leadership during the war:
In general, I must say they were the most intelligent people, with certain talents such as military,
political and diplomacy skills. They were intelligent people. That was the first point that I want to
say. The second point I want to say is that they knew little about Vietnam and her people. They
didn't understand our will to maintain independence and equality between nations even though
these are stated in President Jefferson's manifestation. And so they made mistakes. They did not
know the limits of power. ... No matter how powerful you are there are certain limits, and they did
not understand it well. ...
The people in the White House believed that Americans would definitely win and there is not
chance of defeat. There is a saying which goes, "If you know the enemy and you know yourself,
you would win every single battle." However, the Americans fought the Vietnamese, but they did
not know much about Vietnam or anything at all about the Vietnamese people. Vietnam is an old
nation founded in a long history before the birth of Christ. ... The Americans knew nothing about
our nation and her people. American generals knew little about our war theories, tactics and
patterns of operation. ...
During the war everyone in the country would fight and they [would] do so following the
Vietnamese war theory. We have a theory that is different from that of the Russians and that of
the Americans. The Americans did not understand that. They did not know or understand our
nation; they did not know our war strategies. They could not win. How could they win? As our
president said, there was nothing more precious than independence and freedom. We had the
spirit that we would govern our own nation; we would rather sacrifice than be slaves.
Now that the normalization between our two countries have been established, we hope for better
relations, but it should be based on equality. Otherwise, if America is at advantage simply
because she is richer, it will be unacceptable for us. Now we hope that American leaders can
understand Vietnam and her people better.
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V Nguyn Gip v in Bin Ph

Sau nhng bi ca cc hc gi nc ngoi v vai tr ca c vn Trung Quc v s
tr gip ca Trung Quc cho Vit Nam trong chin thng in Bin nay BBC mi
qu v theo di phn trch lc cun hi k in Bin Ph, im hn lch s ca i
tng V Nguyn Gip.
Cun sch chng ti trch dn l ca Nh xut bn Qun i Nhn dn n hnh nm 2000
vi phn ch l hi c ca tng Gip do Hu Mai th hin.
Tr chuyn vi trung tng Nguyn nh c
Nhng on v c vn Trung Quc
Trc ht, cun sch ni kh t v Trung Quc v on c vn do Vi Quc Thanh ch o
in Bin Ph. Nhng nhng phn ni n h u c th hin kh tnh cm v cho
thy mi quan h ko di c sau chin thng in Bin. trang 396, tng Gip cn
nhc ti mt k nim nh sau:
Bn nm sau, ng ch Vi Quc Thanh t Qung Ty sang thm H Ni. ng ch tng
ti bc mnh trc c con chim ng v dng ch ng phong nghnh khi hon (Gi
ng n khi hon). ng ch ni: Nhng nm Vit Nam l thi k hong kim trong
cuc i hot ng cch mng ca ti.
Trong thi gian trc khi n ra chin dch in Bin v sut trong thi gian tn cng tp
on c im c tng Gip gi l con nhm thp in Bin, cun hi k ch nhc
n cc c vn Trung Quc khng nhiu.
Ln th nht l phn ghi trong trang 17. Sau nhiu trang dng li bi cnh quc t c
vit theo ngn ng ca dng s chnh thng Vit Nam nh cuc chin Triu Tin, ch
ngha thc dn c v mi, cc n lc chng cng ca phe xm lc v tnh hnh chin s,
tng quan lc lng hai bn ti ng Dng, tng Gip c ghi:
T nm 1950, chng ta vn gi th ch ng trn chin trng chnh Bc B. H tun
thng Chn nm 1953, cc ng ch Trung Quc chuyn cho ta mt bn k hoch Nava
vi c bn , do c quan tnh bo ca bn thu thp c.
on sau, ng Gip ni v k hoch mang tn tng Henri Navarre, tng ch huy qun
Php ng Dng t 1953.
Tip sau , trang 19, ng Gip vit:
ng ch Vi Quc Thanh v nc mi sang, cng ti ln Khui Tt gp Bc. Sau khi
nghe trnh by k hoch ca ch, Bc ni 'Nava rt nhiu tham vng, mun ginh chin
thng ln v qun s. ch mun ch ng, ta buc chng phi lm vo b ng. ch
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mun tp trung qun c ng th ta c k hoch buc chng phi phn tn m nh'. Ti
v ng ch Vi Quc Thanh nht tr m nhng cuc tn cng nhm vo nhng chin
trng him yu m ch yu, hoc tng i yu, nhng li khng th b, l cch tt
nht buc ch phi phn tn lc lng. Cng nht tr v hng Lai Chu, hng Trung
v H Lo.
on ny, ng Gip khng ni r ai trnh by k
hoch ca ch cho ng H Ch Minh v qu trnh i
n nht tr l nh th no, vai tr ca ng Vi Quc
Thanh ra sao. Tuy nhin, c th hiu t on vn trn
rng ng Gip mun nhn mnh vai tr nh hng
qun s chin lc ca ng H Ch Minh.
Sang trang 23, tng Gip ghi rng ng bn vi tng
Hong Vn Thi cng cc ng ch c vn xy dng
mt k hoch nh ch nhiu hng, buc ch phi
phn tn, i ph, nhm trc ht l ph th tp trung
binh lc ca ch ng bng.
T s ch huy ca -ct kh
phn bit c u l qun
Vit Minh v u l c vn
Trung Quc
Trong phn v giai on a qun ln in Bin Ph, nhiu trang trong cun sch c
dnh phn tch chin lc ca Henri Navarre v cc nhn nh ca pha Vit Nam
cng cc chin dch ca cc n v qun Vit Nam ti cc vng khc. Khng thy tng
Gip nhc n cc c vn Trung Quc tr mt on nh trang 47.
ng vit: Ngy 26 thng 11 nm 1953, c quan tin phng ca B ln ng i chin
dch Ty Bc. on C vn Trung Quc rt tn ng ch trng v k hoch tc chin
ng Xun ca ta chn Ty Bc l hng chnh. on c ng ch Mai Gia Sinh, C
vn tham mu, cng i vi anh (Hong Vn) Thi.
V mi n trang 107, V Nguyn Gip mi nhc n nhn vt Vi Quc Thanh mt
on rt quan trng. V i tng m t v quyt nh kh nht cuc i ca ng l quyt
nh b phng n nh nhanh thng nhanh u nm 1954 chuyn sang phng n
nh chm nhng chc thng theo li dn ca ch tch H Ch Minh. Khi , pha Vit
Nam ko pho vo v chun b nh dn dp trc khi qun Php kp cng c c im
in Bin.
Theo nhng g tng Gip vit th trc cuc hp ng y mt trn sng 26/01/1954, ng
gp ng Vi Quc Thanh bn v quyt nh . ng vit:
Ti bo ng ch Hong Minh Phng, trng on phin dch ca B, chun b cho ti
gp ngay ng ch Trng on C vn qun s.
ng ch Vi Quc Thanh ngc nhin nhn nm ngi cu trn trn ti. ng ch n cn
hi thm sc khe, ri ni:
-Trn nh sp bt u. ngh V Tng cho bit tnh hnh ti lc ny ra sao?
Ti p:
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- cng l vn ti mun trao i vi ng ch Trng on. Qua theo di tnh hnh,
ti cho rng ch khng cn trong trng thi lm thi phng ng, m tr thnh mt
tp on c im phng ng kin c. V vy khng th nh theo k hoch nh
Ti ni tip ba kh khn ln nht ca b i, ri kt lun:
-Nu nh l tht bi.
-Vy nn x tr th no?
- nh ca ti l ra lnh hon cuc tin cng ngay chiu hm nay, thu qun v v tr tp
kt, chun b li theo phng chm nh chc, tin chc.
Sau giy lt suy ngh, ng ch Vi ni:
-Ti ng vi V Tng. Ti s lm cng tc t tng vi cc ng ch trong on c
vn.
-Thi gian gp. Ti cn hp ng y quyt nh. V c d kin cho (i on) 308
tin v pha Lung Phabng, bc l lc lng chng no, ko qun ch v hng ,
khng chng gy kh khn khi qun ra ko pho ra
Cuc trao i gia ti vi ng ch Vi din ra khong hn na gi. Ti ngh ng ch Vi
s khng d dng thuyt phc cc chuyn gia cho rng ch c nh nhanh thng
nhanh mi ginh thng li.
Qua on vn ny, ngi c c th hiu rng cc c vn Trung Quc t trc ti
mun Vit Nam thc hin phng n tn cng nh chng tiu dit in Bin Ph.
Nhng sau tng Gip khng tr li chuyn ng Vi Quc Thanh thuyt phc cc c
vn nh th no.
Trang 136 c thm mt on ni v vic tng Gip ti
ln chc Tt trng on c vn Trung Quc. l dp
Tt Gip Ng. Nhn , ng Vi Quc Thanh ngh
Qun y Trung ng v B Tng tham mu qun Gii
phng nhn dn Trung Quc gi sang gp nhng ti liu
tng kt kinh nghim chin u mi nht Triu Tin,
nht l kinh nghim xy dng trn a v chin u
ng hm, k c cun sch Thng Cam Lnh, b
i Vit Nam tham kho'.
Nhng dng ghi chp t qu
kh gip gii tr hiu thm v
Trong phn v trn a chin ho trang 155 c on: lch s
Cc c vn Trung Quc gii thiu vi chng ta kinh nghim ca bn trong chin dch
Hoi Hi. Ti y, gii phng qun o nhng ng ho cho pho v t vn ng
di nhng trn oanh kch ca ch. Cc ng ch cng nhc n kinh nghim chin u
ng hm Triu Tin. Qun ch nguyn Trung Quc v qun i Triu Tin kin
thit nhng ng hm trong lng ni tuyt i an ton trong nhng trn u pho vi
ch. Anh Thi t chc cho mt n v cng binh o thc nghimTi cng ng ch
C vn Mai Gia Sinh trc tip theo di vic o trn a chin ho ca mt tiu i theo
nhng yu cu B ch huy Mt trn ra
HD240406027

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Nh vy, ngoi phn ni trong on sau cun sch v cuc gp ca ch tch H Ch Minh
vi Chu n Lai ti Liu Chu m ng Gip c tham gia bn v quyt nh ly v tuyn
no lm ng gii tuyn tm thi th tng Gip khng nhc n cc nhn vt Trung
Quc trong sut qu trnh din ra trn in Bin Ph na.
Cun sch ca ng V Nguyn Gip cng khng cho bit on c vn Trung Quc c
bao nhiu ngi, mang nhng qun hm cp g, thi gian h Vit Nam bao lu,
nhng u v qu trnh lin lc, trao i gia h v pha Vit Nam xy ra nh th no.
Tm li, trong cun sch ca ng Gip, s hin din ca cc c vn Trung Quc kh l
m nht. Trong tng s 476 trang sch ch c chng hn 10 trang c nhng on v
ti ny.
Tr gip qun s
V s gip qun s ca Trung Quc, trang 348 c mt on nh sau:
Trong thc t, v n 105, ta ch c tng s khong 20.000 vin, gm 11.000 vin chin
li phm ca chin dch Bin Gii, 3.600 vin do Trung Quc vin tr km theo pho,
440 vin chin li phm ca mt trn Trung Lo, v khong 5.000 thu c ca ch th
d tip t. Sau chin tranh Triu Tin, n pho 105 Trung Quc cng rt khan him.
Trc nhu cu cp thit ca chin dch, bn vt n 105 t cc kho chuyn cho ta,
nhng 7.400 vin thng 5 nm 1954 mi ti khi trn nh kt thc.
C mt chi tit khng chnh xc trong cc con s Vit Nam a ra v s n pho 105 ly.
i tng V Nguyn Gip vit l 3.600 vin nhng trong mt bi bo trn t Qun i
Nhn Dn 08/01/2004, ng Hong Xun Ty, nguyn trng ban tuyn hun mt trn
in Bin Ph li a ra con s 3000 vin. Tuy th c th coi y l mt s sai lch
khng ng k.
T nhng on vn khc, ngi c c th hiu rng s n dng cho cc loi pho khc
v cao x l rt ln. trang 339 c cu Pho i n trm trng. C ngy mi khu pho
ca ta ch cn hai, ba vin n. Trc , mt s n v cng s dng n qu lng
ph. Mt trung on qua nm ngy kim ch pho binh ch, bn ht 2.000 vin n sng
ci. Mt tiu on phng khng 12 ly 7 trong mt ngy, bn ti 12.000 vin n.
Nhng tng Gip khng ni v ngun gc v con s cc loi n khc cng nh v
kh, qun trang qun dng ca b i Vit Nam l t ch to, do Trung Quc, Lin X
hay nc no gip .
Khi cp n qu trnh tip t lng thc, ng Gip vit kh k v cc ng gp ca
nhn dn cc tnh nh Thanh Ha v cc a phng khc nhng khng ni g n Trung
Quc.
Trong on v chun b nh in Bin, tng Gip c nhc ngn gn n cuc Ci cch
Rung t. trang 86, ng vit v Lut rung t ngy 4/12/1953 ' thi mt lung sinh
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kh mi vo hng ng nhng ngi khng chin, c bit l cn b, chin s trong qun
i vn phn ln xut thn t nng dn' m khng nhc n qu trnh Vit Nam p dng
phng php u t ca Trung Quc trong Ci cch Rung t.
c bit hn c, trong cun sch khng h c on no tng kt con s thng vong ca
qun i Vit Minh. Cng khng r trong s c vn Trung Quc c ai b git hay b
thng ti in Bin Ph hay khng.
T liu c gi tr
Nhn chung, cun sch ca i tng V Nguyn Gip tp trung nhiu vo vic m t cc
trn nh, nu gng quyt tm chin thng v ti tr ca b i Vit Nam.
ng cng ra nhiu trang nhm phn tch tnh hnh chin s ng Dng, tc ng
qua li gia ca cc s kin ngoi giao trn th gii v chin trng. Tng dng
nhiu t liu t cc ngun ca Php v M c c sau ny b sung thng tin.
S hp dn ca cun sch chnh l ch nhng phn v chnh trng quc t, hin nhin
c din dch theo quan im chnh thng ca ng cng sn Vit Nam, gip cho nhng
ngi c nu thiu t liu quc t ti Vit Nam c mt ci nhn ton cnh vt ra
ngoi chnh trn in Bin Ph.
Nhng cun sch khng nhc g n ci nhn t Bc Kinh khin ngi ta c th hiu
rng: hoc ng Gip khng c trong tay cc ti liu ca Trung Quc cha gii mt, hoc
ng khng mun dng nhng g Trung Quc a ra trong thi gian xung t bin gii
vi Vit Nam ni v vai tr ca h trong hai cuc khng chin ca Vit Nam.
Qua nhng on ni n ng Vi Quc Thanh v on c vn Trung Quc, ngi c c
th hiu l Trung Quc, t ra l vo thi gian , thng qua li trng on c vn
'biu th quyt tm ng cam cng kh, em ht tr tu v nng lc gip b i Vit Nam
ginh ton thng' (trang 136).
phn tng kt, cun sch trnh by chin thng in Bin Ph theo tinh thn cc ngh
quyt t trc ti nay ca ng cng sn Vit Nam. l quan im rng y l thng
li ca cuc chin tranh ton dn, ton din, lu di, lin tc, va khng chin, va kin
quc. Nu nh cc nhn vt Phng Ty, nht l trong gii qun s, thng coi tng
Gip l kin trc s ca trn in Bin th trong hi c ca mnh, ng Gip khim tn
khng vit mt cu no v bn thn phn kt lun.
ng ra nhiu trang ca ngi lnh t H Ch Minh v ng CSVN, cho rng mi ng
H l tc gi ca chin lc chin tranh nhn dn. ng Gip cng ni rng nhng thnh
tu m qun v dn ta thu c trong khng chin chng Php a hc thuyt qun s
Vit Nam ln mt trnh mi, mt cht lng mi v sc mnh mi, tr thnh hc
thuyt qun s Vit Nam trong thi i H Ch Minh.
HD240406027

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ng tic l ng Gip khng so snh v cho ngi c
bit chin tranh nhn dn ca Vit Nam khc chin
tranh nhn dn ca Trung Quc, Lin X hay Bc Hn
ra sao v c s trao i kinh nghim g gia cc qun
i cng sn thi hay khng. Tuy vy, ngi c c
th thy ri rc trong nhiu trang sch nhng on dng
t ng rt l vi ting Vit trc khng chin chng
Php. Chng hn cc t nh cng kin, tung thm , cc
on ni v b i c sch Thng Cam Lnh cho thy Ni rng in Bin cn lu
cc kinh nghim chin trng km theo cch ni, thm gi nhiu chng tch lch s
ch t nhiu t duy qun s Trung Quc hay Bc Triu
quan trng
Tin c c mt in Bin Ph. ng Gip cng
khng nhc n cc t chnh hun theo m hnh Trung Quc trong qu trnh xy dng
Qun i Nhn dn Vit Nam.
Tuy nhin, i vi cc nh nghin cu qun s v s gia nc ngoi th y chc chn l
mt cun sch c gi tr. N c vit qua li k ca chnh ng Gip ch khng phi ai
khc. M t trc n nay, bt k s tr gip ca Lin X v Trung Quc l bao nhiu
th in Bin Ph gn lin vi tn tui ca ng H Ch Minh v mt phn nh hn l
tn tui ca ng V Nguyn Gip.
Quan im lch s
Vic Trung Quc v mt s s gia nhc li nhiu v vai tr ca Trung Quc trong chin
thng in Bin ng ra phi c gii s hc ti Vit Nam hin nay n nhn ch
khng nn c phn ng qu mnh m v cho rng l mt m mu lm gim i tm vc
thng li v i ca Vit Nam.
Rt c th l tm l mun nu cao tnh dn tc v s c o ca Vit Nam trong
chin tranh. Nhng thc t l mi cuc chin trong th k 20 u b quc t ha nng n
v cng khng v th m ngi ta nh gi km i ti cm qun ca cc tng lnh, bt k
trong trn chin no.
Trong th chin Hai, tng de Gaulle sau khi chy sang Anh hon ton da vo s tr
gip ca phe ng Minh. Qun i Nc Php T Do ca ng ch chin u c trong
s phi hp vi M v Anh ginh li quyn lm ch nc Php. Nhng khng ai ly
lm l do cho rng de Gaulle khng phi l nhn vt ln nht ca nc Php trong
th k 20.
Nu khng c vin tr t t sng n, tu chin n binh s ca Hoa K th Winston
Churchill v nc Anh chc chn thua Hitler. Nhng khng ai coi l l do lm
gim uy danh ca Churchill v thi gian qua, ngi Anh trong mt chng trnh ca
BBC bu chn ng l mt trong nhng nhn vt v i nht trong lch s Anh Quc.
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Tm vc ca cc nh chnh tr v cc danh tng cn c nh gi qua cch h li dng
cc ng minh c li cho mnh. Thm ch cc s gia nay cn ang thch th tm ra
nhng mu k m Churchill dng ko Hoa K vo trn ti chu u khi nc Anh
gn kit sc. Cch trnh by lch s cng nhc hoc n gin ha, tuy d vit, d ni
v d trnh by vi mt s gii nhng xt cho cng li ch lm gim i tnh hp dn v
tm vc ca cc chin thng vi mi gc cnh phc tp ca n.
------------------------------------------------------------------Nguyn Bnh, Prague, CH Czech
Tc gi mun gn lin vai tr ca Trung Quc trong Chin thng in bin ph, hn na
ph nhn nhng g oanh lit ca Vit Nam. Nu tc gi ch da vo nhng g vit mt
vi cun hi k m phn tch tnh hnh th tht l u tr. Th nht, tng Gip d sao
cng c nhiu tnh cm tt v nhiu k nim p vi Trung quc (cc nh lnh o v
nhn dn) do ng khng mun ln n chnh sch v nhng m mu ca Trung quc
qua cc thi k khng chin ca Vit Nam.
V nhng kinh nghim cc chin trng khc, chuyn hc hi v rt ra nhng bi hc
qu gi p dng cho mnh l mt s tht minh chng rng qun i Vit nam! hn hn
qun i QT trong thi im . Ngi ngu dt n u cng tha bit rng trong khi
chng ta nghin cu, hc tp nhng kinh nghim chin u ca TQ qua cc chin trng
Triu tin, chin dch Hoi Hi.. th cc tng lnh trong qun i Php cng nghin cu
k lng v vn ny. Hn na c quan tnh bo ca Php c phi l tr con u m
cc chuyn gia TQ v qun i Vit nam qua mt c h?
Ti cng c nhiu ti liu v chin dch in bn ph v quan trng hn l c gp
nhiu nhn chng quan trng ca chin dch v tt c nhng ngi u ni rng
iu quan trng nht m H ch tch v tng Gip lm c l lun i ngc li s
c vn ca cc c vn, chuyn gia Trung quc, chnh iu ny mang li yu t bt ng
dn n chin thng ca chin dch. Chng ta khng qun n ca nhn dn Trung quc
v s gip d qua cc thi k khng chin ca t nc, tuy nhin cng ln n nhng m
mu v th on ca cc nh lnh o TQ. H mang Vit nam ra lm iu kin vi
Php, ri vi M, h lun lm mi cch Vit nam ri vo vng thao tng ca h.
Hong, H Ni
in Bin Ph s vn l in Bin Ph, v tr thnh mt phn ca lch s th
gii. Dn tc VN trong th k 20 cn c s kin no nh t ho hn s kin BP,
ngay c Trung Quc cng chng c s kin no to ln hn nn phi nhy vo tranh
cng vi VN na m. Ti thy tht vng vi nhng bi vit y qu, hy cng
bng, khch quan vi lch s, mt trong chng ta y khng ai c quyn phn xt
lch s u, cho ti xin li nhng ti thy mt s bn chng bit g v lch s c,
ng gp ghp chuyn ny vi chuyn khc mt cch lung tung nh th.
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V Nguyn Gip: ngi "chin s" s 1
i tng V Nguyn Gip

TTCN - "Mi ln tr li in Bin Ph, ti ti ngha trang lit s di chn i A1 thp nn
hng tng nim nhng ngi ng i nm li y. ng trc rt nhiu ngi m khng
c tn, ti hnh dung ra anh chin s tr ti chin trng gia trn nh, chin u bn nhng
ngi ng i cha kp bit tn mnh v mnh cng cha kp bit l n v no..."(*)
i thu d in Bin! i thu d in Bin!. Ngi dn in Bin gi ng l i thu, t
ting Thi dnh cho ngi m h knh yu nht. Chuyn i in Bin Ph hm 17-4 va qua l
chuyn i c nn nao ch i ca i tng. 50 nm qua in Bin Ph l mt ci g
tht thit tha trong lng ng.
Nm 2001, nhn sinh nht ln 90 ca mnh, c hai ngi khch t in Bin Ph c i
tng mi v H Ni. l hai c Bc Cm Bng v L Vn Nhay, hai ngi gip vic thi i
tng S ch huy Mng Phng. C Bng v n H Ni, va bc vo c i tng n
bng ting Thi: Hot ln te iu ti nong cn - V y l nh, ng khch so nh. C
Bng ch cn bit m ly v tng gi m khc.
Hai ngy trc chuyn i ln in Bin. H Ni ma. i tng hi: Cu nh vit v ti?.
ng a ra t Le Monde, s mi nht, in chn dung ng trn trang ba v dng ch Ma Victoire
(Chin thng ca ti). ng than phin: Ti sao h li vit nh vy!. in Bin Ph l chin
thng ca c dn tc, cu ng vit v ti. Cu tng gim c Thng tn x, ng Phng,
k: C ln Thng tn x mun xut bn mt b sch nh v ng, nhng khi xin kin, ng
khng chu. i tng ni: C bit bao anh hng hi sinh, mt tm nh li cng khng
c. Thm in Bin Ph, ni nhng chin thng ang c c gng ti hin, vn thy
khe mt ng nc mt.
i tng V Nguyn Gip sinh nm 1911 ti thn An X, x Lc Thy, huyn L Thy, Qung
Bnh.
Tng Gip k: ng ngoi ti vn l mt lnh binh theo ngha qun Cn Vng, mi khi Ty
v lng b ngoi li phi b m ti vo quang thng gnh chy. Nhng nm hc Trng
Quc hc Hu, cu Gip hc rt xut sc, thng ti nh c Phan Bi Chu m o v c
c Phan cho mc sc s dng kho sch ca mnh. Gip cng chi thn vi thy gio ng Thai
Mai. Con gi c Mai, b ng Bch H, sau ny l phu nhn i tng, k: Ba ti ln hn nh
ti mt gip, nhng hai ngi l bn vong nin, rt thn nhau.
Nm ng 16 tui, ngi Php ui hc anh Nguyn Ch Diu, mt hc sinh hn Gip 3-4 tui.
Gip khi xng mt cuc bi kha phn i. V s kin y Gip b ui hc, v lng. Anh
Nguyn Ch Diu n An X tm Gip: Chng ti lp ng Tn Vit. Gip bo: Ti i vi
anh. Tham gia ng Tn Vit, V Nguyn Gip gp phn tch cc a Tn Vit tham gia ng
Dng Cng sn ng. Va hot ng cho ng, va vit bo Ting Dn, va t hc. Thng
10-1930, Gip b bt cng vi thy ng Thai Mai v nhiu ngi khc, trong c Nguyn
Th Quang Thi, em gi n s Nguyn Th Minh Khai. Hn mt nm sau ra t, thy Mai b ui
khi Trng Quc hc, v Vinh sinh sng v hot ng, Gip ra theo. Nm thy Mai ra H Ni
dy hc Trng Thng Long, Gip cng ra H Ni, va dy s Thng Long, va t hc ly
bng c nhn lut v kinh t. Nm , c con gi cng ca thy Mai, ng Bch H, mi ch
ln bn, ln nm.
Bn tng i chin thng in Bin Ph trn i A1
Nm 1929, 18 tui, ln u tin tng Gip ra H Ni. Mt ngi ng ch ca ng Tn Vit,
ng Nguyn Vn To, dn ng ra Ca Bc, thnh H Ni nhn hai vt n i bc ca Php
nh du thnh H Ni tht th. Tng gi thnh Hong Diu t st. PGS ng Bch H k:
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Lc dy hc Thng Long, ng Gip hay n nh chi. ng thng ni v tinh thn yu nc
v qu kh anh hng. ng vn thng dn hc tr ra Ging V coi m Francis Garnier; ra
Cu Giy ch cho hc sinh m Henri Rivire nung nu h tinh thn chng Php.
Nh vn Hu Mai, ngi gn gi v tng chp bt mt s hi k ca tng Gip, ni: Hi
, trc tu ng sng ln ca gic Ty, mt nc nh l mt nh mnh ca cc nc yu.
Lch s trc cha tng c nc phng ng no ph c mt n Ty. Nhng n in
Bin Ph th nc yu VN ph c c mt tp on c im. in Bin Ph i vo lch
s bng chnh chin thng trc ngi Php ch khng ch i bng s tun tit nh Hong
Diu, Nguyn Tri Phng V, khng bit c phi l mt s an i ca lch s m tng Gip,
sau khi ch huy trn in Bin Ph, v sng trn con ph mang tn v tng Hong Diu
tun tit.
Ln ra H Ni nm (1929) ca Gip l bn vi chi b Vinh v H Ni t chc cho n
ng ch Nguyn Th Minh Khai i thot ly. Theo li k ca ch Hng Anh, con gi Tng Gip:
Chnh vo dp ny, cha ti ln u tin nghe nhc n ci tn Nguyn Th Quang Thi, c em
gi tr, thng minh v rt xinh ca Nguyn Th Minh Khai. Trong chuyn tu cha ti tr li
Hu, ti Vinh th gp m ti ln tu, cng vi mt n sinh ng Khnh. Lc m ti mc o
di, tc xa, da trng, gng mt sng. Nhng im gy n tng vi cha ti nht l i
mt. Nm 1935, h ci nhau. Nm 1940, V Nguyn Gip v Phm Vn ng c t chc
a sang Vn Nam. Gip chia tay vi ngi v tr Nguyn Th Quang Thi khi h va c Hng
Anh, con gi u lng. l ln chia tay cui. Sau khi Gip ra i, Nguyn Th Quang Thi b
Php bt v nm 1944 cht trong nh t.
PGS ng Bch H k: Lc (1946) gia nh ti Sm Sn, chnh ph thn Nht mi cha ti
gi mt chc b trng. Cha ti khng nhn. ng chuyn ra H Ni. Anh Gip tm ti thm.
Nm y, V Nguyn Gip khng khi ng ngng v ng Bch H lc ny khng cn l mt c
b con na. C bc sang tui 19, p v hng trn tinh thn gio dc ca ngi cha,
gio s ng Thai Mai. Mi tnh ca h a b theo ng ln chin khu, sinh cho ng thm
hai c gi, v ng nm 1954 sinh h ngi con trai th nht, t tn l V in Bin. Cc
con ng, k c ngi con gi u V Hng Anh, phn ln sng quy qun bn ng trong mt
ngi nh c vn rng nhng c th hnh nh c t rt lu ri.
i tng V Nguyn Gip v thng tng Trn Vn Quang, nguyn cc trng
Cc Tc chin chin dch BP, hm ch huy ca tng De Castries
Mt ngi c nhiu nm lm vic tng hnh dinh (ni lnh o ta ch huy cuc khng chin
chng M) thiu tng L Phi Long, cc ph Cc Tc chin, ni: Ti th rt nhiu ln v
thy khng sc vit ni chn dung ca ng, tng Gip.
Khi phn cng trong ng, Bc H ni: Vic qun s giao cho ch Gip. Bc H cng
tng c V Nguyn Gip sang Trung Quc hc qun s. Nhng trn ng i, Chin tranh Th
gii th hai a ngi Php chnh quc vo th thua, Bc thy thi c ti nn gi ng tr li.
T ng khng c thm c hi hc qua bt c mt trng lp qun s no. Nh s hc
Dng Trung Quc, mt ngi lm vic kh nhiu vi tng Gip, ni: C l nhng nm dy
s Trng Thng Long hnh thnh nn t duy qun s ca ng.
Thiu tng L Phi Long cho rng: Ngoi ti nng cn c mt yu t quan trng khc, ng l
mt ngi c u c thc tin gh gm, lun tng kt trong thng trong bi tm ra cch
nh mi. Trong chin dch in Bin Ph, i tng quyt nh thay i cch nh t
nh nhanh, thng nhanh sang nh chm, thng chc. Mt quyt nh m theo GS Phan
Huy L, tr thnh nhn t lm nn in Bin Ph. Mt quyt nh m theo thng tng L
Trng Tn, nu khng a ra th ton b lc lng ca ta b phi o trong lng cho in
Bin ri. Nhng quyt nh khng ch l kt qu ca 11 ngy m trn tr. Theo thiu
tng L Phi Long, k t thng 5-1953 sau trn N Sn, i tng quyt nh thnh lp
mt t nghin cu 24 ngi nm trong rng lim khu cn c nh Ha chun b l lun
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nh tp on c im.
Tng Gip l v tng t lnh trc tip ch huy hai cuc khng chin i n thng li cui cng.
C hai cuc chin y ng u c mt c duyn vi thng tng L Trng Tn. Trong chin
dch in Bin Ph, n v do tng L Trng Tn ch huy cm c trn nc hm tng De
Castries. Trong chin dch H Ch Minh, lc u cnh qun ch yu c xc nh l Qun
on III, nh t Ty nguyn. Nhng cui cng, Cnh duyn hi ca tng L Trng Tn,
sau khi nhn c mnh lnh thn tc trc tip t tng Gip, tin thng vo Si Gn cm
c trn dinh c Lp vo tra 30-4. Tng Gip k li rng vo ci bui tra lch s y, sau
khi ra nt nhng mnh lnh cui cng gii quyt chin trng, ng ri tng hnh dinh,
lng l i b ra b h. C l l nhng giy pht hnh phc nht ca ng.
Nm 1975, gii phng min Nam. Nm 1977, i tng V Nguyn Gip thi m trch b th
Qun y trung ng v b trng B Quc phng, nhng chc v m ng c giao k t nm
1946. Nm 1982, ng thi gi chc y vin B Chnh tr. Nm 1983, ng kim nhim ch tch
y ban Quc gia v sinh c k hoch. Cng trong nm 1983 y, ng v qu, ri i b ra
ch Tro huyn L Thy, Qung Bnh. n gia ch, ng hi: Bn ch Tro chm ruc, gi
c cn ngon khng?. My ngi dn qu nghe, a khc.
i tng tng ni vi ti: Ti l mt ngi lc quan. D trong tnh hung no ti cng khng
thy bun phin. Nhng ngi sng v lm vic nhiu nm vi ng u c nhn xt nh vy.
Nh vn Hu Mai ni: Ngay c khi sng gi nht, ng vn bnh thn nh khng.
Theo li k ca ch Hng Anh vi nh bo Lng Bch Ngc: Sau nhng gi lm vic lin tc,
ba ti th gin bng cch chi n piano. My nm gn y ba ti tp thin v i b nhiu.
Nhng hn c nhng iu c th din t bng ch l uy nghi khng th che giu c ca
ng. Ti mun nhc li iu ti tng vit trn Tui Tr: Cao hn c mi nghi l, ngi dn
v cc chin s n ng bng tt c lng ngng m khn t. Lng ngng m, chc chn
khng ch ca mt th h ny.
Vi 30 nm lm tng t lnh v gn 50 nm tham gia chnh s cp cao nht, ng t ra
l ngi c phm cht phi thng trong mi lnh vc ca chin tranh; kh c mt v tng soi
no c th so snh vi ng trong vic kt hp chin tranh du kch vi chin tranh chnh qui
tnh cao... Cuc i ca ng Gip gn lin vi chin u v chin thng, lm ng tr
thnh mt trong nhng thng soi ln ca tt c cc thi i.
(K gi ngi Anh Peter Macdonald trong cun Giap, les deux guerres dIndochine)
ng khng ch tr thnh huyn thoi m c l cn tr thnh mt thin ti qun s ln nht th
k 20 v mt trong nhng thin ti ln nht ca tt cc thi i.
(Nh s hc M Cecil Curry trong cun Victory at any cost)
Mi tnh u ca tng Gip v Nguyn Th Quang Thi

i tng V Nguyn Gip, v tng huyn thoi ca QND Vit Nam anh hng v gio
s V Hng Anh, con gi i tng c nhng dp ni v mi tnh u ca i tng v
n chin s cch mng Nguyn Th Quang Thi, ngi chin s trung kin, ngi v hin
du tho ca gia nh i tng.
Gio s - Tin s khoa hc ton l V Hng Anh, con gi Tng Gip v n chin s cch mng
Nguyn Th Quang Thi cho bit m ch sinh nm 1915 ti Vinh, ngi gc lng Nhn Chnh
(nay l phng Nhn Chnh, qun Thanh Xun, H Ni) l con ca mt k s cu ng (ngy
gi l k lc l) lm vic thnh ph Vinh (Ngh An). Mi tnh u ca Tng Gip vi ch
Quang Thi chm n t nhng ngy hai ngi hc tp v tham gia hot ng cch mng Hu.
C mt iu c bit, Quang Thi l em rut ca nh cch mng Nguyn Th Minh Khai, v cng
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nh Minh Khai, Quang Thi vo ng Tn Vit cnh t, tin thn ca ng Dng cng sn lin
on, mt trong ba ng sau ny hp nht thnh ng Cng sn ng Dng.
Vo nm 1929, vi t cch i din Tng b ng Tn Vit t tr s ti Hu, ng ch V
Nguyn Gip c chuyn cng tc t Hu ra Vinh v H Ni, sau tr vo Si Gn ri cui
cng mi v Hu, vi mc ch chnh l bn vic hp nht vi Vit Nam Thanh nin cch mng
ng ch Hi v Vit Nam cng sn ng, ng thi bn vi cc chi b Vinh v H Ni t chc
cho ng ch Nguyn Th Minh Khai i thot ly. Trong dp ny, V Nguyn Gip nghe ci tn
Nguyn Th Quang Thi, c em gi cn rt tr nhng tham gia cc hot ng rt hng hi ca ch
Minh Khai. Nghe ting m cha gp mt. Th ri trong ln tr vo Hu, V Nguyn Gip gp
Nguyn Th Quang Thi trn mt chuyn tu ho. Quang Thi lc y ang trn ng vo Hu
nhp hc ti trng N sinh ng Khnh. C mc o di, tc xo, da trng hng, gng
mt rt sng, c bit l i mt. n tng rt m nt trong tm hn V Nguyn Gip. Trn
chuyn tu ny anh Gip ng vai mt nh bo n vn kh din. V sau Quang Thi ni li cho
anh bit v n tng u tin ca mnh khi gp: Mt chng th sinh, hi "cng t bt". Ch khi
nghe V Nguyn Gip t gii thiu mnh l nh bo th Quang Thi mi du lng v bt chuyn.
Tr chuyn vi con gi tng
Gip
(VietNamNet) - " Nm 1946 - khi
c gp li Ba ln u, ti nht
nh khng ni mt li no, k c khi
ng b ti ra ch vng, ch vi mt
cu hi: C nh, c thng Ba
khng. C l, l tin l cho kiu
hiu khng li gia hai cha con cho
mi v sau ny". Ch Hng Anh,
ni nh vy trong cuc tr chuyn
vi VietNamNet v nhng gc i
thng ca i tng.
Sau ln gp g y, ti Hu, anh Gip nhiu ln p xe qua cng trng ng Khnh vi hy vng
thy li gng mt in m vo tm tr mnh, nhng u cha "gp may". Th ri mt vic bt
ng n lm anh khng giu ni vui mng trn nt mt: Ngi con gi tm n lin h cng tc
ti ni mi ca anh ng Ba li chnh l Quang Thi. Ri h gp nhau my ln tip
theo v cng vic. Tuy nhin, by gi v pha ch Quang Thi vn cha ny n tnh yu p li.
Ch ang dn tm tr cho hot ng v lo lng cho ngi ch rut ca mnh, Nguyn Th Minh
Khai.
V h li gp nhau, khng phi trong mt khung cnh nn th no , m l... trong nh t
quc - nh lao Tha Ph, Hu. S kin ny tr thnh mt k nim qu gi, lm su nng thm
mi tnh thing ling ca h. Khi y vo nhng nm 1929-1930, ang hc ti trng N sinh
ng Khnh, ch Quang Thi c on th giao cho pht trin t "N sinh ". Hc sinh trong
trng truyn tay nhau nhng truyn n in thch, giu kn c v nhng cuc bi cng ca
cng nhn nh my dim Bn Thu, v phong tro cch mng X Vit - Ngh Tnh. Th ri xe
hm en xng vo trng bt nhiu hc sinh ln xe ng kn a i. Ch Quang Thi b bt cng
cc bn ca mnh nh ch Li, ch L, ch Nga. Cng b bt trong thi gian ny c ch Nguyn
Khoa Diu Hng, sau ny l Ch tch Hi Lin hip Ph n thnh ph H Ni thi k 1954-1977.
Ch Diu Hng nh mi v nhiu ln nhc li cu ni ni ting ca Quang Thi nhc nh v ng
vin ng ch trong t: "Khng ai t gic bn, bn ng t gic ai", m nguyn vn c ni
bng ting Php bn lnh gc khng hiu c: "Personne ne vousa a dnoncs, ne
dnoncz personne". Khi V Nguyn Gip b bt ri b giam vo nh lao Tha Ph, i ngang qua
tri giam n, git mnh: Quang Thi. Ri bi th y kh phch cch mng ca Quang Thi
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c chuyn tay nhau khp nh lao, V Nguyn Gip cng mn phc, cng yu Thi hn. Bi
th nh sau:
"Mi su nm nay sng i
Nhn tnh ngh n l y vi
Trng phng quc lng ngao ngn
Thy bn cn lao d ri bi
Quyt ch hy sinh thy k cht
Dc lng phn u mc u ri
Ngn c v sn bao gi pht
Chn sui hn ta mm ming ci".
Trong thi gian b giam cm nh lao Tha Ph, anh Gip cng gp li ngi em trai ca mnh
l V Thun Nho cng ang b bt giam ti y. Lc ny, V Thun Nho ang hc ti trng
Quc hc Hu, tham gia cc hot ng cch mng si ni trong "Hi hc sinh " v cng nh
vi anh Gip sau cha Diu . C mi bui sng hai anh em li chia tay nhau, lng khng khi
lo lng: "Khng bit hm nay ai b bt? Liu anh em c gp li nhau khng?"
V Thun Nho i hc, V Nguyn Gip i lm bo Ting Dn ca ch s cch mng Hunh
Thc Khng. Th ri hai anh em gp li nhau trong nh lao Tha Ph. Trong ln b bt ny cng
c cc thy gio trng Quc hc Hu nh Gio s ng Thai Mai, L Th D, L Th Tit.
Hai ngi kt hn khi Quang Thi trn 20 tui. Sau khi sinh con gi Hng Anh, V Nguyn Gip
sang Trung Quc hot ng. Sau ny, Tng Gip nhc li, trong hon cnh kh khn, v con
cn qu nh, khng cng i thot ly nh c hn c, chnh ch Quang Thi t ra cng
quyt, ng vin chng rt nhiu trong vic yn lng sang Trung Quc hot ng theo ch o
ca ng ch Nguyn i Quc.
Trong hi k "T nhn dn m ra" ca mnh, Tng Gip k li bui chia tay vi ch Quang
Thi v con gi Hng Anh bn H Ty y cm ng: "n ng C Ng, qua cha Trn V,
ti thy Quang Thi m Hng Anh ng i mt gc cy vng ngi. Quang Thi rm rm
nc mt, thnh thong li quay v pha mt h mi ngi khng ch . Ti ni vi Quang
Thi nh gi lin lc vi cc ng ch, tip tc cng tc, c gng gi gm Hng Anh i hot
ng b mt. Quang Thi nhc ti ht sc gi gn sc kho v cn thn trong khi hot ng,
gng tm cch cho nh bit tin. Mt vi ngi quen i ngang cho hi, tng chng ti ang
ng hng mt. Chng ti ang ni chuyn th c ting ngi hi pha sau:
- Thy c i xe khng?
Quay li, ti nhn ra anh gio Minh ang ko mt xe tay ng i, ti chia tay Quang Thi.
Chng ti khng ng pht chia tay li l pht vnh bit".
Nm 1942, ch Quang Thi b thc dn Php bt ln th hai, giam nh lao Ho L vi mc n
16 nm t giam. Nh cch mng lo thnh Hong Th i, nguyn B th ng on, nguyn Ph
Ch tch Hi LHPN Vit Nam, ngi b giam cm cng ch Quang Thi, k li: Trong nh lao, ch
Quang Thi ht lng chm sc, ng vin ng ch ch em dng cm, kin quyt u tranh vi
ch, chng tra tn, chng ch h khc ca nh t thc dn. Ch bt chp mi cc hnh tra
tn cu ch, gi trn kh tit ca ngi ng vin cng sn kin trung v hy sinh trong nh t
Ho L nm 1944. Cn c Nguyn Th Tam, cn b lo thnh cch mng, c rut nguyn Tng
b th Mi, nh li hnh nh ch Quang Thi dy ch em trong t hc vn ho. "Trong t
khng c giy bt, nn phi ly gch non vit xung sn xi mng, nu l ra, con m gim
ngc bit th chng ti li b nht vo x lim. Tuy thiu thn th, nhng ch em chng ti u hc
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rt tt, li cn c hc thm c ting Php na". C Tam cho bit nh vy trong hi k "Mi
nm t cm c trong Ho L".
Vo lc ch Quang Thi b ch bt giam, ng ch V Nguyn Gip v nc theo ch th ca Bc
H, cng cc ng ch lnh o khc lm cng tc tuyn truyn vn ng qun chng xy dng
chin khu Cao - Bc - Lng. iu kin hot ng b mt rt ngt ngho, lu lu anh mi gi c
v nh mt bc th vit trn mu giy thuc l khi c lin lc trc tip. c ln trong t khng
b trng ca ch, anh m nng, st cao. Khng th v nh c s v gi b mt, mt mnh ngi
di gc cy c th trong rng i ngn, lo cng vic cch mng b tr hon, ri ngh... khng
bit mnh c c hi gp li Quang Thi v con gi Hng Anh khng... Ri i Vit Nam tuyn
truyn gii phng qun ra i vi chin cng u Phai Kht - N Ngn. Trong s ln mnh ca
cch mng, nhiu khi anh bt gp trong tm tr mnh hnh nh v con, cha m v ngh n mt
ngy hi ng khng cn xa... Vy m... mi n thng 4/1945, trong Hi ngh qun s cch mng
Bc k hp ti huyn Hip Ho, Bc Giang, anh mi nghe ng ch Trng Chinh nhc n tin
d m tng anh bit: ch Thi hy sinh! Trong tp hi k "Nhng chng ng lch s", i
tng V Nguyn Gip k:
"Ti lng ngi i... Ti bng hong i sang bung bn, vn cha tin hn iu cc anh ni l s
tht!
Ti nm nh li ngy chng ti mi gp nhau Hu trong khi cng nhau hot ng b mt, nh
nhng li ha hn cng nhau phn u sut i cho ch ngha cng sn, nh li nhng iu
dn d nhau khi chia tay, ngh n Hng Anh. Sau ny ti mi bit trong thi gian ti i xa, Thi
vn tip tc hot ng, lm cng tc thng tin lin lc cho Trung ng. Sau chuyn i Si Gn
gp ch Nguyn Th Minh Khai ln cui cng trc khi ch b quc em x bn, tr v nh t
lu th b bt. Trong nh t, bn quc dng mi cc hnh tra tn truy tm mi dy lin lc
vi anh Hong Vn Th, Thi quyt khng khai mt li, gi trn kh tit ca ngi ng vin
Cng sn v mt ti nh giam Ho L, H Ni".
i tng V Nguyn Gip cng con gi Hng Anh nhiu ln n thm khu di tch Ho L,
cng Ban lin lc v nhiu chin s cch mng tng b quc giam cm ti y thp hng v
t vng hoa ti ni ngi v, ngi m ca h cng bao nhiu ngi con u t ca t nc
vt qua mi cc hnh tra tn, gi trn kh tit ca ngi chin s, sng anh dng - cht v
vang.
V Hng Anh mt m khi cn qu b. Nhng nhng tnh cm su nng, thing ling, s khm
phc qu trng m ng b ni, ngoi, ba ch v nhng ngi thn khc ca m, gn gi v truyn
cho ch, nh "Tm truyn Tm", v c si dy tm linh v hnh ca huyt thng cho ch c
c v gi mi mt hnh nh r nt, sinh ng v xc thc ca m. "Trong sut tui th, thi
nin thiu cho n lc trng thnh, hnh nh ca m trong ti lun l s kt tinh hi ho ca
tm hn v tr tu, ca s du dng v lng kin nh, ca ci p hnh thc v ni tm. Hnh nh
y lun th hin bn hnh nh ngi cha dn dt ti trn mi no ng ca cuc i. V ti
lun c ao mnh c c mt cht g ging nh th" - Gio s V Hng Anh tm s.
L Hng Sn (G&XH
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i Tng V Nguyn Gip thi tr

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Hi u th k XX, lng An X (trc l x, sau l thn, nay thuc x Lc Thu, huyn L

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Chng II: Tui thiu nin

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Vy thi. Bc mun ph thng bi bt no th y l ci chuyn ca bc. Ti c m thy c l th

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Vo Nguyen Giap was born in Quang-binh Province, Vietnam, in 1912. He was

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