SOLAR POWER PRESENTATION

ISM Grade 12 Phys/Chem

Cell Anatomy

Silicon Layers

Electric Field

Generating Electricity

Creating a Circuit

Voltage & Current

http://solardat.uoregon.edu/PolarSunChartProgram.html


solar
panel

Solar panel
many shapes, power, chemistries..
intermittent generator
1.4kWh per watt per year
most expensive part of the system
positioning is key!

charge
controller

Charge controller
regulates voltage between panel & battery
variable input voltage, steady output voltage
encoded to regulate the charge current
protect the battery from over charge/discharge
can offer load control or timer function

battery

Battery
most temperamental part of the system
solar applications require deep discharge
capacity measured in Ah, but not all useable
V x Ah = Wh
12, 24 & 48v common
must factor in several days of storage & inefficiency


inverter

Inverter
converts DC to AC
must be sized for peak load
most sophisticated part of the system
need to consider frequency
unnecessary if only DC loads


loads

 Air-con
Room = 1000 watts
Central - 2000-5000
Clock radio = 10

Radio (stereo) = 70400

Refrigerator (frost-free, 16 cubic feet) =
725
Televisions

Clothes iron = 10001800

15" LCD = 20-30

Coffee maker = 9001200

17" CRT = 70-80

Clothes washer = 350500

32" LCD = 130-150

Clothes dryer = 18005000

42 Plasma = 250-400

Dishwasher = 12002400

Toaster = 8001400

Dehumidifier = 785

Toaster oven = 1225

Ceiling fan / Standing fan = 65175 /

40-80

VCR/DVD = 1721 / 2025

Hair dryer = 12001875

Water heater (40 gallon) = 45005500

Microwave oven = 7501100

Water pump (deep well) = 2501100

Personal computer
CPU - awake / asleep = 120 / 30
Monitor - awake / asleep = 150 / 30
Laptop = 50

Vacuum cleaner = 10001440

Sample calculation
system to power a toaster oven for breakfast
Panel size:
800W * 15mins/day = 200Wh/d or 73kWh/yr
73kWh1.4kWh/yr = 52watts
52watts80% = 65watts
Battery size:
200Wh12V = 16.7Ah
17Ah *3 = 50Ah
50Ah40% = 125Ah

65W

800W

12v, 125Ah

A few guidelines..
look for southern exposure
minimize wiring distances
assume 80% efficiency from panel to load
if theres a dc option, take it
be creativebut efficient