Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CORYTON ENGINEERING
STANDARD
SUBJECT:
New:
Re-Issue:
(No change):
Re-Issue: X
(Amended):
SUPERSEDES:
NONE
Author
Authorised by
D T Hatfull
Inspection Group
Quality Co-ordinator
P Avery
Maintenance Engineering &
Performance Superintendent
ATTACHMENTS:
None
REFERENCES:
REVIEW DATE:
November 2006
CONTENTS
1.0
2.0
REFERENCES
3.0
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
3.1
Table 1 - Inspection Classification Requirements
4.0
5.0
WELDING
5.1
General
5.2
Weld Procedures
5.3
Qualification Of Welders And Welding Operators
5.4
Welding Processes
5.5
Consumables
5.6
Alloy Cladding And Overlay
6.0
7.0
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION
7.1
Visual Examination
7.2
Radiographic Examination
7.3
Ultrasonic Examination
7.4
Magnetic Particle Inspection
7.5
Dye Penetrant Inspection
7.6
Examination Personnel
8.0
HYDRO-STATIC TESTING
9.0
QUALITY
1.0
2.0
American Society for Non-destructive Testing Inc. Recommended Practice For Non-destructive Testing
BS 2600 Part 1 - Radiographic examination of fusion welded butt joints in steel: methods
or steel 2mm upto and including 50mm thick.
BS 2600 Part 2 - Radiographic examination of fusion welded butt joints in steel: methods
for steel over 50mm upto and including 200mm thick.
BS 2910 Radiographic examination of fusion welded circumferential butt joints
in steel pipes.
Page 3 of 39
BP GSs
BP GS 118-5 - The Fabrication, Assembly, Erection and Inspection of Carbon, Carbon
Manganese and Low alloy Steel Pipework To ASME B31.3
BP GS118-7 -
Inspection Procedure
CRIG/INS/024 - Procedure For Repairs
The Engineering Equipment And Materials Users Association (EEMUA)
Publication No. 153/95 - Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping
International Standard Organisation (ISO)
ISO 9000 - Quality Management and Quality Assurance Standards.
German
DIN 54 109 Part 1 -
Page 4 of 39
3.0
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
The Fabrication, Erection and Inspection of metallic piping systems shall be in
accordance with THIS STANDARD, BP GS 118-5 and ASME B31. 3 in that order of
precedence.
The Fabrication, Assembly, Erection and Inspection of Austenitic and Duplex stainless
steel, Cupro-Nickel, Nickel Base Alloy, Titanium and Zirconium pipework shall be in
accordance with THIS STANDARD, BP GS 118-7 and ASME B31.3 in that order of
precedence.
The use of the Inspection Classification Requirements Table 1 will achieve the required
quality level for all installed metallic piping systems. The inspection classification is also
detailed in each individual Piping Material Class ( See Coryton Engineering Standard No.
CES/42/001).
Page 5 of 39
TABLE 1
Material, Service and Rating
Inspection Required
Visual
Radiographic
%
1. All piping constructed of alloy
material other than carbon steel
2. All carbon steel piping for the
Alkylation unit in piping class
WCZ41 (See note 3)
3. 900# rating and above
4. All reciprocating compressor
piping and discharge KO drums,
regardless of rating and material.
5. All 300#, 400# and 600# rating
piping other than alloy material
6. All piping in low temperature
service below 0o C (32o F)
7. All 150# rating piping, except as
noted below
8. Salt water and fire water
9. Service water
10. Sewer piping
11. Non -pressurised piping to
atmosphere
12. MP & LP / condensate and
smallbore tracing (leads & tails)
Hydrostatic
Pressure
Class
Welding
Test
YES
100%
YES
GTAW root
YES
100%
YES
GTAW
YES
100%
YES
YES
100%
YES
root/
Low
Hydrogen
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
5%
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
5%
5%
5%
5%
Service Test
Service Test
Service Test
Service Test
D
D
D
D
YES
5%
Service Test
Low
Hydrogen
Low
Hydrogen
Low
Hydrogen
E6010 root
E6013
Remainder
Acceptable
Notes :
1.
All piping butt welds 2 nominal bore and below shall be GTAW.
2.
All pressure containing fillet welds 1 nominal bore and below shall be GTAW.
3.
Existing piping material classes under this classification are HP-41S and WCA-7.
4.
Page 6 of 39
4.0
General
4.1.1
Where the butt weld ends of piping items are to be joined, accurate
alignment shall be made within commercial tolerances (within 1.5mm). If
the wall thickness misalignment is greater than 1.5mm (1/16 in.) the
heavier walled item shall be internally taper bored at 1:4 taper to give
approximately equal finished wall thickness. In No case shall the wall
thickness be reduced below the nominal - mill under tolerance of the
lower thickness pipe.
4.1.2
4.1.3
4.1.4
4.1.5
The toes of adjacent butt welds shall be no closer than two times the
nominal thickness of the pipe with, in the case of NPS 12 and below , a
minimum acceptable separation of 40mm. For pipe sizes greater than NPS
12 the minimum acceptable separation shall be 100 mm.
Branch and non pressure part attachment welds shall not cross
longitudinal seams or circumferential butt welds and shall be subject to
the toe to toe separation distance specified for circumferential butt
welds.
Where such intersections are unavoidable the main weld shall be subject
to non -destructive examination prior to making the attachment weld.
Joints involving the intersection of more than two welds shall be avoided.
See Figure 2.
4.1.6
Page 7 of 39
4.1.8
4.1.9
4.1.10 Openings for thermowells and other inserts shall be drilled through the
connection after welding and should be free from obstruction.
4.1.11
For 300# rating and above, the misalignment between branch pipe/fitting
bore and the parent pipe hole shall not exceed 1.5mm.
4.1.12 Weld neck orifice flanges shall be the same bore as the pipe to which
they are attached and shall be accurately aligned. All internal weld
protrusion shall be ground flush with the inside diameter.
4.1.13 All meter run lengths shall be good quality round and checked for ovality
- no welds shall be present along the meter run length.
4.1.14 Seamless pipework 12 NPS and smaller may be fabricated using hot or
cold formed pulled bends, where the bending radius shall not be less than
5 times the nominal pipe size. The bending and forming procedure
including preheat and post weld heat treatment shall have prior BP
approval.
Page 8 of 39
Page 9 of 39
Page 10 of 39
NOTE : For Longitudinal seams in adjoining lengths of welded pipe, the clearance (stagger) shall
be 150mm minimum.
Page 11 of 39
4.4
4.5
Carbon Steel
4.4.1
4.4.2
Low-alloy Steel
4.5.1
4.6
4.5.2
4.5.3
Machine cold cutting of pipe and of weld bevels is preferred but flame
cutting may be employed providing that any cut edge is ground or
machined back 4.0mm, with one individual 3.0mm dimension, to sound
metal.. All cut edges shall then be examined for cracks using dye
penetrant or magnetic particle inspection. Any cracks shall be removed by
grinding. The BP inspector may, at his discretion, allow the percentage
number of cut edges being examined, to be reduced if the number of
cracks found in the material are sufficiently few.
4.6.2
The area used for fabrication needs to be totally segregated from the
area used for fabrication of carbon steel and other low alloys steels.
Adequate precautions need to be taken to prevent surface contamination
by contact with jigs, vices and other fixtures manufactured in non-
Page 12 of 39
4.7
Cutting of pipework and weld bevelling shall be machine cold cut or plasma
cut.
Monel
4.7.1
GAS
FUEL OIL
4.7.2
Localised heating for bending and forming is not permitted without prior
BP approval.
Where Monel is worked or deformed it shall be re-annealed in
accordance with Section 6.0 of this standard.
4.7.3
4.8
Cutting of pipework and weld bevelling shall be machine cold cut or plasma
cut. The weld bevel surfaces and adjacent areas shall be cleaned of all
extraneous matter and any atmospheric oxide film on the surface. The
cleaning shall be carried out using a fine grinding wheel or disc followed
by vigorous stainless steel brushing and finally solvent degreasing. This
cleaning shall be carried out immediately prior to welding.
GAS
FUEL OIL
Page 13 of 39
4.9
4.8.2
Cold bending and localised heating for bending or forming will only be
permitted with prior BP approval.
4.8.3
4.8.4
Cutting of pipework and weld bevelling shall be machine cold cut or plasma
cut.
4.8.5
Immediately prior to welding the weld bevel surfaces and adjacent areas
shall be cleaned of all extraneous matter and any atmospheric oxide film
on the surface. The cleaning shall be performed using a fine grinding
wheel or disc followed by vigorous stainless steel brushing and then
solvent degreasing.
All flanged piping systems shall be assembled using service gaskets and
studbolts as detailed in the individual piping material specifications,
except where line blinds are installed. At line blind locations non-asbestos
gaskets shall be installed initially for hydro-test and shall then be
removed and the correct service gaskets installed.
4.9.2
4.9.3
4.9.4
4.9.5
4.9.6
Page 14 of 39
4.9.7
4.9.8
All piping systems, after hydro-test, shall be left in the ready for
operation conditions except for steaming through or flushing.
4.9.9
Where pipe spools are to be stored prior to installation, flange faces and
pipe ends are to be capped and protected to prevent damage.
4.9.10 All pipework shall be identified by indelible marking, free from sulphur,
chloride and other halogens. For spools that will be subjected to post
weld heat treatment a suitable titanium oxide pigmented heat resisting
paint marker containing less than 250 ppm of lead, zinc or copper shall be
used. Vibro-etching techniques may be used for identification transfer,
but adhesive tapes or hard stamping, other than with low stress stamps,
shall not be used. Painted or corocoated spools shall have metal tags
attached to the flanges for identification.
The marking applied shall identify the material and the fabricator and
include an item or spool number enabling the spool to be traced to the
relevant isometric, sketch etc.
5.0
WELDING
5.1
General
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.1.4
5.1.5
The root gap of the joint shall be adequate to ensure full penetration and
a sound root bead in accordance with the welding procedure. If required
Page 15 of 39
back welding after chipping and grinding can be carried out if safe to do
so.
5.1.6
5.1.7
5.1.8
If any welder produces a weld with defects outside the code limits two
additional welds shall be fully examined. If more defective welds by the
same welder are found the extent of further NDE will be at the
discretion of the BP Inspector.
5.1.9
5.1.10 All welds shall be marked with the welders identification number using
marker pencils or paints which are in accordance with the restrictions of
section 4.9.10 of this standard.
5.1.11
Page 16 of 39
5.1.15 Back purging shall be employed for all joints involving alloy steels and/or
weld metals with a nominal chromium content of 21/4% or more. Purging
shall as a minimum, be maintained for the root and second (hot) pass.
5.1.16 SAW and, where permitted FCAW and GMAW shall not be used for pipes
smaller than NPS 6 unless otherwise agreed by BP Inspection.
5.1.17 All welds should be completed without intermediate cooling, however
where this is impractical, intermediate cooling under an insulating blanket
is permitted, but only after 30% of the final weld depth is completed. In
the case of P No. 3,4,5, 6 & 7 materials, the heat treatment cycle in
Table 5 shall be applied.
Before welding is re-started on these P Nos the weld surface shall be
subject to magnetic particle inspection and any preheat established.
Pipes shall not be moved or lifted until at least 50% of the final weld has
been deposited.
5.1.18 Vertical down welding is not permitted unless approved by BP Inspection.
5.2
WELDING PROCEDURES
The Text of ASME IX latest issue applies, except where amended by the
following text or in Engineering Design.
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
b).
When the base material does not require impact testing , but the
material thickness exceeds 12.7mm (1/2in.) and the minimum
design temperature is -18oC (0oF) or lower.
Page 17 of 39
5.2.5
5.2.6
5.2.7
5.2.8
5.2.9
a)
b)
c)
b)
c)
d)
Procedure qualification tests for welding carbon steel shall also include a
hardness survey if any of the following conditions exist :
a)
b)
Filler metal contains 1.6% manganese and silicon exceed 1.4 and
0.8 %, respectively (such as AWS A5.17 filler metal EHXXX or
EC1).
c)
Page 18 of 39
d)
soundness. Fissures shall not exceed four per specimen , nor shall they
exceed 1.6mm (1/16in.) in length. Cracks at specimen edges shall not be
considered as part of the examination.
5.3
Page 19 of 39
All welders on or off the Coryton site shall hold a current welders
qualification test certificate for the relevant combination of materials
and welding processes to be used. These qualification certificates shall
be submitted for review and/or approval to BP Inspection prior to
commencement of work.
5.3.3
Page 20 of 39
Outside Diameter
Min
Size welded
1
2 7/8
Qualified
Max
Unlimited
Unlimited
Unlimited
5.3.6
5.3.4
5.3.5
Page 21 of 39
Base Material
Carbon Steel (Iron Powder)
Carbon Steel AWS E6013
Carbon Steel AWS E6010
Carbon Steel (Low hydrogen)
Carbon Steel (CO2)
C- %Mo
1 %Cr - %Mo
2 %Cr-1% Mo
5%Cr- %Mo
7%Cr- %Mo
9%Cr- 1 %Mo
12/13%Cr
18/8 Stainless
25/12 Stainless
25/20 Stainless
Aluminium Alloys
Aluminium Bronze
Inconel 600. UNS NO6600
Monel. UNS NO4400
Alloy 20. UNS NO8020
Material P.No.
Welding Rod
F.No.
Filler Metal
F.No.
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
5
5
5
5
6,7
8
8
8
21
35
43
42
45
1
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
44
42
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
21-24
36
44
42
6
Notes to Table :
Welding Processes
5.4.1
General
Welds shall be made by the shielded metal arc (SMAW), gas tungsten arc
(GTAW), gas metal arc (GMAW) welding processes. All other welding
processes, including submerged arc (SAW), oxyacetylene, electroslag,
require prior BP Inspection approval.
The selection of the welding process to be used will be dependent upon
the following:
Page 22 of 39
5.4.2
5.4.3
When using processes other than SMAW and GTAW such as GMAW and
SAW the following should be considered :
a) The FCAW process is not used for the root pass in single side welding.
b) Production consumables are restricted to the manufacturer and grade
qualified.
the integrity of the weld ; i.e. slip -on flanges, socket weld flanges and
fittings, branch fittings.
5.4.4
All welding processes shall be protected from wind, rain and other
harmful weather conditions that can affect quality.
5.4.5
All weld passes in the vertical position shall be performed uphill, unless
specifically approved by BP Inspection.
5.4.6
For butt welds 2 nominal bore and below the GTAW process shall be
used on all materials. However where GTAW on-site welding is not
considered practicable (purge problems, shelter, access) the weld shall
be made with compatible electrodes using the MMA process with prior BP
Inspection approval.
5.4.7
For pressure containing fillet welds 1 nominal bore and below the GTAW
process shall be used on all materials. However where GTAW on-site
welding is not considered practicable (purge problems, shelter, access)
the weld shall be made with compatible electrodes using the MMA
process with prior BP Inspection approval.
5.4.8
Page 23 of 39
5.4.10 Welded joints shall be made by completing each layer before succeeding
layers are deposited Block welding is prohibited.
5.4.11 For carbon steel welding of hot-tap branches, new nozzles in vessels and
the repair of steel castings etc. A low hydrogen process shall be used.
5.4.12 Autogenous welding is prohibited when using the GTAW process unless
approved by BP Inspection.
5.5
Welding Consumables
5.5.1
Filler metals for welding similar materials shall be of the same nominal
analysis as the base material, except as follows :
a) AWS Type 347 filler metal shall be used for welding Type 321
stainless steel material.
b) AWS Type 308 filler metal shall be used for welding Type 304
stainless steel material. (Type 308L shall be used for Type 304L)
c) The following filler metals shall be used for welding 11 to 13% steels in
cyclic service, or for design temperatures over 350oC (660o F), only
Inco-weld A, Inconel 82 or Inconel 182 are acceptable.
5.5.2
5.5.3
Filler metals for welds shall meet the same minimum requirements as
those imposed on the base metal.
5.5.4
In all welding processes, the filler wire shall contain all alloying elements
and shall meet all chemical compositions requirements for the wire
classification. Exceptions are subject to BP approval.
Page 24 of 39
5.5.5
5.5.6
Electrodes, filler wires, and fluxes shall be kept clean, dry and properly
stored according to manufacturers recommendations. No damp, greasy,
or oxidised electrodes, filler wires or fluxes shall be used.
5.5.7
5.5.8
Page 25 of 39
Ferrite %
5-15
Ferrite No.
5-17
5-9
5-9.8
5.5.10 Filler materials of E309, Inconel 182, or Inco-weld A shall be used for
welding carbon or low-alloy steels to austenitic stainless steels.
5.5.11 Permanently installed backing rings or strips shall not be used.
Consumable inserts shall only be used with BP approval prior fabrication.
Page 26 of 39
5.6
5.6.2
For both integrally clad plate and weld overlay, the surface of the base
welds that would be exposed to the corrosive environment shall be
protected by depositing not less than two layers of corrosive resistant
weld metal.
5.6.3
In austenitic stainless steel overlays, the first weld layer shall be made
with type 309L. Subsequent layers of deposit shall be made with lowcarbon 18Cr-8Ni stainless steel or stabilised grades of austenitic
stainless steel, depending on service conditions.
5.6.4
For monel overlays on carbon or low-alloy steel, the first weld layer shall
be made with a high nickel consumable (62% nickel minimum). The second
and any successive layers shall be made with a filler metal that nominally
matches the monel chemical composition. The first layer of high nickel
deposit shall be applied over bright, clean and oxide free steel. Monel
overlays shall have a maximum iron content of 4.5%.
5.6.5
a)
b)
c)
5.6.6
All internal exposed alloy welds joining clad components and all alloy weld
overlays inside vessels and heat exchangers shall be fully examined by
liquid penetrant examination.
5.6.7
Page 27 of 39
General
The preheat temperatures listed in Table 330.1.1 of B31.3 are mandatory,
with the exception to the following modifications in this Section.
Oxy-fuel gas welding and cutting torches may only be used for preheating when fitted with proprietary preheating nozzles. Quenching or
other means of accelerated cooling from pre-heat temperature shall not
be employed.
The minimum preheat temperatures for thermal cutting, arc-air gouging,
and welding shall be in accordance with the requirements of the
applicable code and weld procedure specification (WPS), the exceptions
are as follows :
6.1.2
6.1.3
6.1.4
g) The maximum preheat and interpass temperature for carbon steel and
low alloy steel shall be 300oC.
Page 28 of 39
h) The preheat zone shall extend 75mm or a distance equal to four times
the material thickness, which ever is the greater, beyond each edge of
the weld.
indicating
crayons,
contact pyrometers, or
thermocouples.
Temperature indicating crayons used on austenitic stainless steels and
nickel based alloys shall not cause corrosive or other harmful effects.
Nor shall they contain more than 1% by weight of total halogens or
sulphur, or 200 ppm by weight of inorganic halogens. It is the
fabricators responsibility to determine suitable brands and melting
temperatures that may be used.
6.1.5
When P-4 or P-5 materials are welded to P-1, P-3, P-7, P-9, P-10, or P-11
materials the preheat temperature shall be a minimum of 175oC. The
welding of P-4 or P-5 to P-8 requires special consideration and prior BP
Inspection approval.
6.1.6
Page 29 of 39
Table 4
Minimum Preheat Temperatures For Ferritic Materials
Material
Nominal Analysis
Carbon Steel
Manganese - Molybdenum
C- Mo
Cr - Mo
1Cr - Mo
1 Cr - Mo
2 Cr - 1Mo
3Cr - 1Mo
5Cr - Mo
7Cr - Mo
9Cr - 1Mo
12Cr (Martensitic)
CA6NM (0.03% C max.)
12Cr (Ferritic)
2 Ni
3 Ni
5 Ni
9 Ni
6.1.7
6.2
P-No
1
3
3
3
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
7
9A
9B
11A
11A
6.2.2
6.2.3
Page 30 of 39
6.2.4
Thermocouples: -
External Pipe
Diameter
Up to and including 150mm
Above 150mm to 300mm
Above 300mm to 600mm
Above 600mm to 1200mm
Number of Thermocouples
Per Weld
1
2
4
6
Position
On top
o
180 Intervals
90o Intervals
Equispaced
6.2.5 Insulation :a) Takes the form of mineral wool; 2 thick or ceramic fibre; 1 thick
(non-asbestos).
b) The insulation will be a band of width not less than 5 times the wall
thickness either side of the weld.
6.2.6
All post weld heat treatment shall be completed prior final radiography,
radiography can be carried out before PWHT at the contractors cost.
6.2.7
All carbon steel piping 19mm and over nominal thickness shall be post weld
heat treated. (Note: Process conditions such as amine and wet hydrogen
sulphide may require PWHT regardless of thickness). All other ferritic
alloy piping (P-3, P-4, P-5, P-6 etc.) shall be PWHT for all thickness.
6.2.8
6.2.9
For P-6 materials, the PWHT temperature used shall be the lowest
possible to avoid overheating and hardening on cooling.
Page 31 of 39
6.2.10 Heat treatment is required for all carbon steel piping operating below
-29oC. PWHT is also required for all carbon steel piping in ammonia,
amine and H2S services.
6.2.11 If PWHT is performed in a furnace , the temperature shall be measured
by a minimum of two thermocouples. At least two resistance welded
thermocouples shall be attached to the piping being heat treated. These
thermocouples shall be located at the hottest and coldest parts of the
furnace. Neither temperature shall be outside the specified PWHT
range.
6.2.12 Instrumentation used to verify the PWHT temperatures shall have been
calibrated within 60 days of the performance of the heat treatment.
6.2.13 All machined surfaces shall be protected by a suitable paint or compound
to prevent damage from scaling during heat treatment.
6.2.14 All piping should be supported (and restrained as needed) in the furnace
during heat treatment to minimise warpage and other distortion. Valves
shall not be subjected to furnace PWHT without BP approval. PWHT of
ends of welds on valves shall be carefully performed so that the valve
packing, bonnet, gasket and internal trim are not damaged.
6.2.15 The exothermic method of heat treatment shall not be used.
6.2.16 The PWHT shall follow immediately the welding operation without losing
the preheat temperature, unless the weld procedure specification (WPS)
specifies otherwise.
6.2.17 Holding time at PWHT temperatures shall be one hour per 25.4mm of
thickness, with one hour minimum. For Chromium-molybdenum steels (
to 9% chromium) and 12% chromium stainless steels , the minimum holding
time shall be 2 hours.
6.2.18 For P-3, P-4 and P-6 materials the production PWHT (time and
temperature) shall be essentially the same as in the welding procedure
qualifications. The maximum Brinell hardness in all steels after heat
treatment shall be 225HB (238 HV10). If welds are furnace heat
treated, a minimum of 10% shall be tested to verify that the hardness
criteria has been met. If local heat treatment has been applied , each
weld shall be tested. Welds in critical service such as amine, wet
hydrogen sulphide and hydrogen fluoride, shall also not exceed a
maximum hardness in the deposited weld metal and the heat affected
zone of 200HB i.e. piping material class WCZ-41.
6.2.19 Hardness readings of the weld and heat affected zone shall be taken at
two circumferential locations 180o apart. It is the heat treatment
contractors responsibility on-site to record the hardness readings on the
heat treatment chart for each weld, this is to be verified by the
fabrication contractors QA.
Page 32 of 39
Temperature oC
Hot Forming /Bending
Solution Annealing
1100-900
1050-1000
1100-900
1070-1020
1100-900
1100-1050
1100-900
1070-1020
1100-900
1100-1070
835-855
835-855
Note: The heat treatment is for piping material class BCM-32 only and shall be
for a minimum of two hours, then cooled in still air.
Upto 850 oC the heating rate shall be slow and may be faster thereafter.
Cooling shall be in still air for hot forming and bending but rapid cooling is
required for solution annealing.
Page 33 of 39
Table 5
Post Weld Heat Treatment For Ferritic Materials
Material
Nominal Analysis
P-No.
Carbon Steel
Manganese - Molybdenum
Cr - Mo
1Cr - Mo
1 Cr - Mo
2 Cr- 1Mo
3 Cr - 1Mo
5 Cr - Mo
7 Cr - Mo
9 Cr - 1Mo
12Cr (Martensitic)
12Cr (Ferritic)
2 Ni
3 Ni
5Ni
9Ni
Monel
1
3
3
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
6
7
9A
9B
11A
11B
42
1130-1230
1150-1325
1150-1325
1300-1375
1300-1375
1325-1400
1325-1400
1325-1400
1325-1400
1325-1400
1325-1450
None
1100-1175
1100-1175
1025-1085
1025-1085
1094-1130
Notes:
1. Temperature of any part of the weldment during PWHT shall not be less than
shown above.
2. Table does not apply to normalised and tempered materials or to quenched and
tempered materials. PWHT of such materials shall be approved by BP and shall
be such that the weld and HAZ hardness does not exceed 225HB and
mechanical properties are not less than the specification minimum.
a)
Heat treatment
commencement and completion shall be
authorised by the client representative by signing and stamping
all charts when required.
b)
Page 34 of 39
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
c)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
7.0
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION
7.1
Visual Examination :-
All fabricated pipework shall be 100% visually inspected for any imperfections, cracks,
surface breaking defects, mis-alignment or bad workmanship. If the inspector
has any doubts regarding the acceptability of the finished item, then for any
surface defect a magnetic particle or dye penetrant examination may be
performed in addition to any other test specified.
7.2
Radiographic Examination
7.2.1
7.2.2
7.2.3
Image quality indicators of the wire type to BS 3971 or DIN 54 109 part
1 shall be used.
Page 35 of 39
7.2.4
Film density shall be 2.0 - 3.0 through the thickest portion of the weld
and the radiographic sensitivity shall be between 1.2% and 2.4%
depending on thickness.
7.2.5
The single wall, single image technique shall be used where ever possible,
lead intensifying screens and fine grain high contrast film shall be used.
7.2.6
Kind Of Imperfection
Incomplete penetration *
Internal porosity
Slag inclusion, tungsten inclusion,
or elongated indication*
Undercutting
Ultrasonic Examination
7.3.1
7.3.2
Page 36 of 39
7.4
7.5
7.6
Examination Personnel
7.6.1
7.6.2
1. Welding Institute
Certification Scheme for
Weldment Inspection
Personnel (C.S.W.I.P)
7.6.3
8.0
HYDRO-STATIC TESTING
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
Page 37 of 39
9.0
8.5
Hydro-testing shall be carried out after the completion of any specified heat
treatment.
8.6
Hydro-testing shall be only carried out after completion of any specified NDT.
8.7
QUALITY
9.1
The Contractor shall operate a quality system fully in accordance with the
applicable part of ISO 9000.
9.2
9.3
Before commencing fabrication the fabricator shall prepare a quality plan and a
set of design documents, both of which shall be subject to approval by BP.
9.4
9.5
The quality plan shall include brief details and the sequence of all examinations
that will be performed by the fabricator. The names of the responsible
individuals responsible for the implementation of all quality assurance and quality
control functions shall also be included.
9.6
9.7
Different materials shall be kept in discrete sections of the storage area and all
material shall be marked in a manner that allows it to be related to the original
manufacturers certification.
9.8
All materials shall be stored above ground and kept free from dirt, grease and
other contaminants.
9.9
Page 38 of 39
BP reserve the right to carry out quality audits at the contractors and subcontractors facilities.
BP also reserve the right to call the contractor to provide a schedule of Quality
audits appropriate to the contractors and sub-contractors activities and for the
contractor to supply reports of such audits.
9.11
The contractor shall advise of any non-conformances which affects the ability of
the goods to conform to the purchase order / work order, or which may affect
operation, integrity or inter-changeability of the goods. The contractor shall also
advise details of proposed corrective actions or concession requests and details
of any consequential affects.
9.12
Any queries related to the work shall be formally submitted by a technical query
and registered with BP Inspection.
9.13
9.14
The above quality assurance requirements shall apply to both on-site and off-site
contractors and all associated welding sub-contractors.
9.15
Page 39 of 39
APPENDIX A
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR HF ACID SERVICE
FOR PIPING MATERIAL CLASSIFICATIONS WCP-21 AND WCZ-41
1. Where reference to the carbon steel piping material class WCZ-41 is made then existing pipe
classes WCA-7 and HP-41S may also be taken to apply. Where reference to the Monel piping
material class WCP-21 is made then existing piping classes WCP-2 and HP-41M may also taken
to apply.
2. Piping and fittings 1 NPS and smaller shall be screwed, not seal welded and installed using
PTFE tape.
3. Socket weld construction is not permitted. All piping 1 NPS and larger shall be butt
welded.
4. Couplings welded into lines for vents, drains, thermowells, branches etc., shall be installed in
accordance with Philips drawing No. HF-1008, see Appendix B. Alternatively, a set-on
fitting; i.e. a thredolet may be used, provided the attachment weld is full penetration and
meets the requirements of paragraph 8.
pumps, exchangers, vessels, control valves etc., to minimise the number of low point drains. If
low point drains are required on piping they shall be in accordance with the piping material
class details.
7. The edges of all piping flanges, valve bonnets flanges and gaskets shall be painted with one
coat of HF detecting paint Valsper No. 220-Y-7.
8. The first 5mm of any weldment in contact with HF acid shall be slag free. It is therefore,
recommended that the GTAW process is used for the first 5mm of deposited weld.
9. Post weld heat treatment (PWHT) shall be in accordance with section 6.2 of this standard for
the piping material classes WCP-21 and WCZ-41.
10. Piping shall be hydrotested using kerosene or gas oil. Water may be used with prior BP
approval provided that the piping sections can be blown completely dry after the Hydrotest.
11. For piping material classification WCZ-41 the maximum hardness of the weld metal and heat
affected zone (HAZ) shall be 200HB.
12. For piping material class WCZ-41 the butt welds shall have a TIG root run.
13. Monel pipework shall be PWHT.
APPENDIX B
HF SERVICE COUPLING INSTALLATION
* See Piping, Heat Exchanger, Pump, and Instrument HF Service Specifications For Use and
Size.
See Appendix A.
APPENDIX C
Base
Material
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Base Materials
Carbon Steel
Carbon-Molybdenum steel
2 %& 3 % Nickel
9% Nickel Steel
1% Cr- % Mo Steel
1 % Cr - % Mo Steel
2 % Cr - 1% Mo Steel
5% Cr - % Mo Steel
7% Cr - % Mo Steel
9% Cr - 1% Mo Steel
Type 405 Stainless Steel
Type 410S Stainless Steel
Type 410 Stainless Steel
Type 304 Stainless Steel
Type 304L Stainless Steel
Type 321 Stainless Steel
Type 347 Stainless Steel
Type 316 Stainless Steel
Type 316L Stainless Steel
Type 309 Stainless steel
Type 310 Stainless Steel
Alloy 800 (Incoloy 800)
Monel 400
Inconel 625
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
A
A
C
C
F
I
J
C
C