Initial Condition

P(x,0) = Pi

For simulation

n
p
i, j, k

(z

i, j, k

z )
o

Po @ zo

Zo datum depth
Po initial pressure at datum depth

y
x

Initial Condition
Initialization in Simulator
1. Direct input into each gridblock

Use keywords (for black oil):

PRESSURE
SWAT
SGAS
RS or PBUB

Gas

oil
Wtr
x

Initial Condition
Initialization in Simulator
2. Calculated by equilibration - initial conditions determined on the basis of
hydrostatic equilibrium (EQUIL)

Data requirements
a. Pressure at datum depth
b. Gas-oil and water-oil contacts
c. Capillary pressure at each contact
d. Rs or Pb optional as f(D)

y
x

How initialize phase pressures and saturations; i.e., oil, gas, water?

Initial Condition
zones

po

Gas+Oil

pcog

po (also pw, pg)

po (also pg)

pw

pcow

pg (also po, pw)

OIL

Oil+Wtr

pg

pw

Gas

Water
po (also pg)

Sw

Vertical
Saturation
distribution

Vertical
Phase pressure
Distributions
Including Pc

pw

pw (also po, pg)

P
Vertical
Phase pressure
Distributions
neglecting Pc

Initial Condition
Zone A Gas Cap
Gas phase is only continuous phase, thus
dp

g
dz

With So = 0, we can find,

p

cog

max

Also Sw = Swi, thus

p

And last, Sg = 1 So - Sw

cow

(S

wi

Initial Condition
Zone B Oil/Gas Transition
Both oil and gas phases are continuous, thus
dp

dp

g
dz

o
dz

and

From the oil and gas pressures, find Pc

p

cog

Which allows the determination of gas saturation distribution

Also Sw = Swi, thus
p

And last, So = 1 Sg - Sw

cow

(S

wi

Initial Condition
Zone C Oil Zone
oil phase is only continuous phase, thus
dp

o
dz

With Sg = 0, we can find,

p

cog

(0)

Also Sw = Swi, thus

p

And last, So = 1 Sg - Sw

cow

(S

wi

Initial Condition
Zone D Oil/water Transition
Both oil and water phases are continuous, thus
dp

dp

w
dz

o
dz

and

From the oil and water pressures, find Pc

p

cow

(S

Which allows the determination of water saturation distribution

Also Sg = 0, thus
p

And last, So = 1 Sg - Sw

cog

(0)

Initial Condition
Zone E water Zone
water phase is only continuous phase, thus
dp

w
dz

With So = 0, we can find,

p

cow

(S

Also Sg = 0, thus
p

And last, Sw = 1

cog

(0)

w , max

Initial Condition
Example: Initialization of Tutorial 2

Po=331.65 bars zo= 3000m

GOC = 3000m

Pcog=0 bars

WOC = 3085m

Pcow=0 bars

y
x

Aquifer datum depth = 3113.2m

Pa =337.582 bar