Signalling Dimensioning: GSM-GPRS Operation

GSM-GPRS Operation
Signalling Dimensioning
Module 4
Outline
Channel
Configuration
SDCCH Capacity
Paging Capacity
LA Size
kris.sujatmoko@gmail.com
GSM-GPRS Operation
Channel Configuration
Hierarchy Of Channel
4
MS Mode
off state
Search for Frequency Correction Burst

Search for Synchronisation sequence
Read System Informations
FCCH
SCH
BCCH
listen for Paging

send Access burst
wait for signalling channel allocation
Call setup
traffic channel is assigned
Conversation
Call release
PCH
RACH
AGCH
SDCCH
FACCH
TCH
FACCH
idle mode
dedicated
mode
idle mode
5
Configuration of Signalling Channels

0
Combined Configuration
Time slot 0 contains 1 BCCH, 3 CCCH and 4
SDCCH
ts0=bch/sdcch/4/pch/agch
Non-Combined Configuration
Time slot 0 contains 1 BCCH, 9 CCCH
Time Slot x (<>0 of BCCH TRX) contains 8
SDCCH
ts0=bcch/pch/agch
ts1=sdcch/8
0
Hybrid Configuration
Time slot 0 contains 1 BCCH, 3 CCCH, and 4
SDCCH
Time Slot x (<>0 of BCCH TRX) contains
additional 8 SDCCH
ts1=sdcch/8
ts0=bcch/pch/agch/sdcch/4
6
Configuration Of Signalling Channels CCH Downlink
7
Configuration Of Signalling Channels CCH Downlink
8
Configuration Of Traffic Channel - TCH
9
Non-Combined Configuration
BCCH/CCCH Multiframe
Time Slot 0
Downlink
51 TDMA frames = 235ms
f
f sbb bbc c c c f scf cc c c c c c f scf cc c c c c c f scccc
c c c c f s cf c cc c c c c
Uplink
r r r r r r r r r r r r rf r r r r r r r r r rf r r r r r r r r r rf r r r r r r r r r rf r r r r r r r r
CHANNELS
f = FCCH
b = BCCH
r=
s = SCH/SACCH
c = CCCH
10
Non-Combined SDCCH/8 Multiframe
Time Slot 1
Downlink
51 TDMA frames = 235 ms
t t t t t t t t t t t t tf t t t t t t t t t tf t t t t t t t t t sf s s s s s s ss s sf s ss s s
1.
2.
Uplink
3.
ss s ss ss s s s s s f
CHANNELS
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
t t t t t t t tf t t t t t t t t t tf t t t t t t t t t tf t t t t t t t t
t = SDCCH/8
s = SACCH/8
11
Channel Combination
The following combinations of logical channel types are

allowed for the radio timeslots and specified by GSM
(Rec. 05.02):
TCH/F + FACCH/F + SACCH/TF

TCH/H + FACCH/H + SACCH/TH
SDCCH/8 + SACCH/C8
FCCH + SCH + BCCH + CCCH (TS 0)
FCCH + SCH + BCCH + CCCH + SDCCH/4 + SACCH/C4 (TS 0)
BCCH + CCCH
SDCCH/8 + SACCH/8 + CBCH
FCCH + SCH + BCCH + CCCH + SDCCH/4 + SACCH/C4 + CBCH (TS
0)
12
Channel Configuration - Combined
13
Channel Configuration - Separated
14
Channel Configuration - Hybrid
15
SDCCH Dimensioning
SDCCH
used for:
Call setup signalling

Short message service (SMS)
Location update (LU)
IMSI attached/detached
16
SDCCH Dimensioning (2)
17
SDCCH Dimensoning (2)
TCH load per subscriber = [ # of call attempts per sub per hour*
%MOC
+ # of call attempts per sub per call*%MTC*(1-%no response)*(1-%
no answer)*%MTC success] * mean call duration / 3600
= [ 1.1 * 60% + 1.1 * 40% * (1-32.5%) * (1-13.5%) * 54%] * 115/3600
= 0.026 Erlang
SDCCH load per subscriber = [number of call attempts*setup

signalling + #LU per sub per hour*duration for loc update] / 3600
= [1.1 * 3 + 2.2 * 5] / 3600
= 0.004 Erlang
18
A cell with 2 TRXs

Combined SDCCH
1 comb. CCCH/SDCCH 4 SDCCH
15 TCH
Offered SDCCH load at 1% blocking
Offered TCH load at 2% blocking

9.01 Erlangs 9.01/0.026=346 subscribers
4 SDCCH blocks for combined configuration
Thus from Erlang B table, lookup 4 channels at 1%
blocking
0.87 Erlangs 0.87/0.004=217 subs
SDCCH limited: 217 subscribers

19
Non-combined SDCCH
1 SDCCH/8 8 SDCCH
14 TCH
Offered SDCCH load at 1% blocking
Offered TCH load at 2% blocking

8.20 Erlangs 8.20/0.026=315 subscribers
8 SDCCH blocks for non-combined configuration
Thus from Erlang B table, lookup 8 channels at 1%
blocking
3.13 Erlangs 3.13/0.004=782 subs
TCH limited: 315 subscribers
This configuration is preferred as it is TCH limited

20
GSM-GPRS Operation
Parameters Related To Channel
Common Control Channel Load
22
Common Control Channel Load (2)
23
CCCH Capacity
Calculation (non-combined):
Uplink : 51*3600/(51*0.004615) = 780000 RACH slots per
hour
downlink : 36*3600/(51*0.004615) = 137658 CCH blocks per
hour
24
CCCH Capacity
Calculation (combined):
Uplink : 27*3600/(51*0.004615) = 413000 RACH slots per
hour
downlink : 12*3600/(51*0.004615) = 45886 CCH blocks per
hour
25

CCCH
Capacity
1 RACH slot : a channel message for 1

subscriber
1 CCCH block (4 slots): 1 paging message for 1..4

subscribers* or
1 access grant message for 1..2 subscribers
* Depends on IMSI(2) or TMSI(4) paging
26
Common Control Channel Load (6) - RACH
Used by MS to request a dedicated channel

(SDCCH)
The causes for the channel request can be:
A paging response in MTC

An emergency call
A MOC
LU or
IMSI attach/detach
Parameters related to RACH
maxNumberOfRetransmission (1, 2, 4 or 7)
numberOfSlotsSpreadTrans (3 ... 12, 14, 16, 20, 25, 32,
50)
27
The combination of maxNumberOfRetransmission and

numberOfSlotsSpreadTrans values determine the time period
between sending of two channels requests.
This period is measured in RACH slots and is the sum of a
deterministic part S and a random part tr. (refer to GSM 04.08)
RACH can be configured in combined and non-combined case
Combined: all 27 timeslot0 out of 51 timeslots
Non-combined: all timeslot0,2,4,6
28

values
for 50000 RACH activities per hour
29
The minimum blocking is achieved by the following

setting of parameters: maxNumberOfRetransmission =
7, numberOfSlotsSpreadTrans = 50
The configuration of CCCH is mainly determined by the
capacity needed by the downlink channels, the RACH
configuration is uncritical
30
Common Control Channel Load (10) - PCH
PCH may be used as AGCH but not vice-versa

MOC requires AGCH and MTC requires PCH
Typical network will have MOC higher than MTC
Strategy: to dimension the AGCH to a smaller value
and let the system organise the use of channels
Parameter related to PCH:
noOfMultiframesBetweenPaging (2 ... 9)
It indicates the number of TDMA multiframes between
transmission of paging message to the same paging subgroup
It impacts on the MS battery life and MTC setup time
Higher value will save battery life but longer call setup time
and vice versa
Recommended value is 5
31
Common Control Channel Load (11) - AGCH

Parameter
related to AGCH:
NumberOfBlocksForAccessGrant (0 ... 7)
It defines the number of blocks reserved for
access grant messages from the CCCH during
the 51 TDMA frame (a multiframe)
Recommended value is 1 for combined and 2 for
non-combined configuration
Note that if the AGCH is insufficient, PCH can be
used as AGCH
32
Common Control Channel Load (12) - Example
33

Example Cont..
For MOC, response to paging in MTC, LU and IMSI attached/detached, thus 4

RACH
activities per sub per hour
Analysis:
DL CCCH (PCH and AGCH) is the limiting factor
The usage for PCH and AGCH is almost equal
34
Common Control Channel Load (12) Paging

Capacity
Paging demand is a function of:
Number of MTC
Number of subscribers in the LAC
Paging repetition
PCH can be configured as combined or non-combined :
Combined: both BCCH and SDCCH occupy the TS0
12 out of 51 slots per multiframe form 3 PCH/AGCH,
each block consists of 4 slots
35

Capacity
PCH can be configured as combined or non-combined:

Non-combined: BCCH occupies TS0 and SDCCH occupies TS1
36 out of 51 slots per multiframe form 9 PCH/AGCH, each block
consists of 4 slots
Split of blocks between PCH and AGCH: the available blocks in 51

multiframe is splitted between PCH and AGCH and it is set by
parameter NumberOfBlocksForAccessGrant
36

Capacity
IMSI/TMSI
IMSI: 2 mobiles can be paged with each page

message occupying 4 slots
TMSI: 4 mobiles can be paged with each page
message occupying 4 slots
Paging
paging:
capacity calculation:
PCH per second
37

Capacity
What does the table mean?

CCCH can be used for both AGCH and PCH
Example for combined configuration, 3 CCCH blocks are
available
If u reserve 0 blocks for AGCH, all 3 CCCH blocks will be used
for PCH
If u reserve 2 blocks for AGCH, only 1 CCCH blocks will be used
for PCH
38

Capacity
For
combined BCCH:
Making
sense out of the table:

Number of MS that can be paged in a
second:
Depends on IMSI or TMSI paging and

Number of blocks reserved for AG
39

Capacity
For
Combined BCCH
Example: if u reserved 1 block for AG, then u

have 2 blocks for PCH
If u decide TMSI paging, I.e. 4 MS can be paged
with 1 block of PCH
Thus; (number of PCH blocks*number of pages
per block)/(51*one TDMA frame period);
=(2*4) / (51*0.004615) = 34
34 MS can be paged in a second (using TMSI
paging)
40

Capacity
For Combined BCCH
41

Capacity
For Non Combined BCCH
Making sense out of the table:
3 blocks reserved for AG, remaining 6 blocks used for PCH

Number of MS can be paged in a second (TMSI paging)
= (6*3)/(51*0.004615) = 76 MS/second
42

Capacity
For
Non Combined BCCH
43
GSM-GPRS Operation
Location Area Design
Location Area Design

What
A location area is an area in which MSs may roam

without updating the location registers
A location area consists of one or more cells
What
is Location Area?
information you need?
Traffic model
What is next?
Calculate SDCCH traffic
Determine paging capacity
Calculate LA size (in term of number of cells)
45
LA Size SDCCH Traffic calculation
46
LA Size SDCCH Traffic calculation (2)
47
LA Size Paging Capacity
48
LA Size Paging And AG Traffic Demand
49
GSM-GPRS Operation
End of Section 4
Signalling Dimensioning

Signalling Dimensioning: GSM-GPRS Operation

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GSM-GPRS Operation

Search for Frequency Correction Burst

listen for Paging

Configuration of Signalling Channels

Configuration Of Signalling Channels CCH Downlink

Configuration Of Signalling Channels CCH Downlink

Configuration Of Traffic Channel - TCH

51 TDMA frames = 235ms

Non-Combined SDCCH/8 Multiframe

51 TDMA frames = 235 ms

The following combinations of logical channel types are

TCH/F + FACCH/F + SACCH/TF

Channel Configuration - Combined

Channel Configuration - Separated

Channel Configuration - Hybrid

Call setup signalling

SDCCH Dimensioning (2)

SDCCH Dimensoning (2)

SDCCH load per subscriber = [number of call attempts*setup

SDCCH Dimensioning (3)

A cell with 2 TRXs

Offered SDCCH load at 1% blocking

Offered TCH load at 2% blocking

SDCCH limited: 217 subscribers

SDCCH Dimensioning (4)

Offered SDCCH load at 1% blocking

Offered TCH load at 2% blocking

This configuration is preferred as it is TCH limited

Parameters Related To Channel

Common Control Channel Load

Common Control Channel Load (2)

Common Control Channel Load (3)

Common Control Channel Load (4)

Common Control Channel Load (5)

1 RACH slot : a channel message for 1

1 CCCH block (4 slots): 1 paging message for 1..4

* Depends on IMSI(2) or TMSI(4) paging

Common Control Channel Load (6) - RACH

Used by MS to request a dedicated channel

A paging response in MTC

Parameters related to RACH

Common Control Channel Load (7) - RACH

The combination of maxNumberOfRetransmission and

Common Control Channel Load (8) - RACH

for 50000 RACH activities per hour

Common Control Channel Load (9) - RACH

The minimum blocking is achieved by the following

Common Control Channel Load (10) - PCH

PCH may be used as AGCH but not vice-versa

Common Control Channel Load (11) - AGCH

Common Control Channel Load (12) - Example

Common Control Channel Load (12)

For MOC, response to paging in MTC, LU and IMSI attached/detached, thus 4

Common Control Channel Load (12) Paging

Common Control Channel Load (12) Paging

PCH can be configured as combined or non-combined:

Split of blocks between PCH and AGCH: the available blocks in 51

Common Control Channel Load (13) Paging

IMSI: 2 mobiles can be paged with each page

PCH per second

Common Control Channel Load (14) Paging

What does the table mean?