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Phy11l A4 E201
Phy11l A4 E201
FRISNEDI, Nadine T.
OBJECTIVE
The experiment aims to accomplish its two main objectives. The first one is to determine the
power of the fan cart by using the definition of work and the energy conservation principle.
Through the experiment, the students will be able to gain more knowledge and appreciation
about the concepts of work, energy, and power. The experiment can also help the students
understand on how the displacement of an object is important in determining the amount of work
done. The experiment will also tell us that work, energy, and power are closely related to each
other but not totally the same.
The second objective is to be able to learn how to compute for the work, and power not just by
the fan cart but also work for a motion along a curved path. The experiment will help the
students be able to understand the applications of the given laboratory formulas in real life and
will surely be helpful in studying Physics and other concepts about it. This experiment is also
significant because it shows the basic situations and examples on how we can define and
calculate for work, energy and power.
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For the next part of the experiment, the string was removed from the cart. The photogates must
be assembled and connected to the smart timer. The two photogates were placed in different
positions. We taped the metal fastener to the fan cart since the magnet on the cart is not strong
enough to hold it in the position and using tape will secure it in a way that it will not bump the
photogates but pass through its sensors when it moves along the track. The fastener served as an
indicator of the fan cart so the photogate can detect it. The results in the timer were used to
determine the amount of work done. Three trials were performed in every distance to make sure
that the experiment was executed properly. Another three trials were also done, this time the
second photogate was moved further, in order to have a varying displacement.
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In the second part of the experiment, the mass was attached to the string and the other end was
tied to the iron stand. The initial height which is the distance between the mass and floor was
measured using the meter stick and the height must be until the middle part of the mass. The
mass was pulled slowly by applying a horizontal force using the spring balance. The final height
was measures using the meter stick while the force applied can be obtained from the shown
measurement on the spring balance. The students performed several trials in this part upon
adjusting the height and force applied until the string L becomes horizontally leveled. After
obtaining the data, the work done by the force F and gravitational potential energy of the mass
was computed.
(Figure 5. The mass was pulled by the spring (Figure 6. As the mass is pulled, the height
is measured using the meter stick.)
balance and the angle was measured.)
OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS
In the first part of the experiment, the force, work and power of the fan cart was determined. The
force of the fan cart was obtained by adding the mass of the pan and the weight added to it and
multiplying it to the gravitational acceleration constant, g = 9.8m/s 2. The force was proven to be
correct from the experiment since the fan cart was not moving along the dynamics track when
turned on when the added weight was placed on the pan that was connected through the string
and to the cart. For the next part of the experiment, the displacement is the component that is
changing per trial which is determined using the positions of the two photogates. The
displacement was measured by subtracting the distance of the first photogate from the second
photogate. The time was determined using the smart timer and the photogates. Work was
computed by multiplying the force and the displacement. Power on the other hand was calculated
by dividing the computed work by time.
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Displacement, S
Time, t
Work
Power
0.4 m
0.6204 sec
0.1176 Joules
0.1896 Watts
0.5 m
0.7593 sec
0.1470 Joules
0.1936 Watts
0.6 m
0.8920 sec
0.1764 Joules
0.1978 Watts
0.7 m
1.1074 sec
0.2058 Joules
0.1858 Watts
Sample Computations:
Trial 1
Mass of pan = 5g, Mass added = 25g, g = 9.8m/s2
F = (mass of pan + mass added)(g)
(1)
F = [(5g + 25g)(1kg/1000g)](9.8m/s2)
F = 0.294 Newtons
F = 0.294 N, S = 0.4 m
W = (Force) (Displacement)
(2)
W = (0.294 N) (0.4 m)
W = 0.1176 Joules
W = Joules, t = sec
Power=
Power=
Work
Time
(3)
0.1176 J
0.6204 s
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Power=0.1896 Watts
In the second part of the experiment, the length of the string, weight of the mass, and the initial
height can be easily gathered. The final height, angle, and displacement were determined by
measuring using the meter stick and protractor. The force was obtained by pulling the mass using
the spring balance. Work and Gravitational Potential Energy was computed by using the given
formulas from the laboratory manual that will be shown in the sample computations.
Table 2: Work by a Force on a Curved Path
Length of String, L = 0.29 m
Trial
Force
Final
height, hf
Increase in
height, h
Angle,
Displacement, X
Work
Gravitational
Potential
Energy
5N
0.2650m
0.1025m
400
0.181m
0.3325 J
0.5023 J
6N
0.2825m
0.1200m
550
0.237m
0.6059 J
0.588 J
10N
0.3365m
0.1740m
700
0.285m
0.9349 J
0.8526 J
12N
0.4365m
0.2740m
900
0.314m
1.421 J
1.3426 J
Sample Computation:
L = 0.29 m, w=4.9 N
W =wL(1cos)
(4)
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PEg=mgh
PEg=( 0.5 kg )(
(5)
9.8 m
)(0.1025m)
s2
PEg=0.5023 Joules
measurements that was done manually. Incorrect measurement can have an effect to the data. We
could recommend that obtaining the measurements should be done carefully and accurately.
Getting the measurements on eye level can be helpful.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT & REFERENCE
I would like to thanks my groupmates for being so cooperative upon doing the experiment. I
appreciate all of their efforts since without their help, our experiment will have a great chance of
failure. I would also like to thank my friends Vivi and Alvin for giving me advice in writing this
lab report. They helped me write the appropriate stuff so the report will have a good flow of
thoughts. I also thank our professor, Prof. Ricardo F. De Leon, Jr. for guiding all throughout the
experiment. I thank him for instructing us on how we should set up the materials and equipment
for our experiment and teaching us how to compute easily using MS Excel. Lastly, I would like
to thank my family for supporting me in my studies as I pursue my degree in Mapa.
Reference: Calderon, Jose C., (2000) College Physics Laboratory Manual, Mapa Institute of
Technology, Manila: Department of Physics. (Objective, Materials and Methods, Observations
and Results, Discussion and Conclusion)
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