Rule #1

Nouns ending in s, z, x, sh, o and ch form the plural by adding - es.

watch
Tomato

watches
tomatoes
boxes
dishes

box
dish

Exercise: Write the plural of each of these nouns

Dress ..........................
Wish ..........................

Brush ..........................
class..........................

Rule #2
Nouns ending in - y preceded by a consonant is formed into a plural by changing - y to - ies.
Examples: lady, ladies; city, cities; army, armies

Exercise: Write the plural of the following words

fly..........................
lady..........................
city..........................

baby

..........................

cherry
sky

..........................
..........................

Rule #3
Nouns ending in y before there is a vowel form their plurals by adding - s.
Example: boy, boys; day, days

Exercise: Write the plural of the following words

Day ..........................
volley..........................

toy..........................
joy..........................

Rule #4
The plural of nouns is usually formed by adding - s to a singular noun.
lamp
cat
fork
flower
pen

lamps
cats
forks
flowers
pens

Rule #5
Some nouns ending in f or fe are made plural by changing f or fe to - ves.
Example: beef, beeves; wife, wives

Exercise: Write the plural of the following words

shelf.........................
.

wolf......................... knife.........................
.
.
thief......................... wife.........................
half..........................
life..........................
.
.
leaf..........................

IRREGULAR PLURALS
man, men

foot, feet

woman, women

tooth, teeth

child, children

mouse, mice

goose, geese

Change into plural

1. flower

1. man

2.
flow ers

men

man *

knives

knife *

flow er *

boat

3.

3.
boats

life

boat *

woman

lives

life *

calves

calf *

4.
w omen

w oman *

city

leaf

5.
cities

5.

leaves

leaf *

w omen

w oman *

city *

umbrella

7.

6.
umbrellas

child

umbrella *

address

children

child *

families

family *

7.
addresses

address *

knife

10.

mouse

8.
knives

sandwich

knife *

11.
mice

mouse *

tooth

9.
sandw iches

sandw ich *

12.
teeth

family

tooth *

wife

10.
families

family *

foot

feet

13.
w ives

w ife *

shelf

foot *

14.
shelves

shelf *

wolf

11. holiday

12.
holidays

holiday *

potato
w olves

w olf *

loaves

loaf *

potatoes

potato *

babies

"How much or how many ?

1) languages does your teacher speak ?
2) money do you have with you ?
3) milk do you usually drink a day ?
4) people are there in your English class ?
5) does your pen cost ?
6) exercises have you done in this book ?
7) rings are you wearing at the moment ?
8) rain is there in your country in September ?
9) money do you want?
10) steaks do you have?
11) children do you have?
12) bottles do you want?
13) times do you see him?

Complete the conversation with: much, many, a lot, or a lot of.

23. I eat _______________healthy food, like fruit.

24. I drink______________coffee today.
25. How _______________fruit do you usually eat?
26. Do you eat___________cookies or ice cream?
27. I dont eat ___________cookies.
28. I eat ____________ice cream.
29. I eat __________ vegetables.