CHAPTER IV

DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY

4.1. Discussion
Theory

Case

Epidemiology
- 20 million people worldwide is

LJ, 7 years old girl, was diagnosed with

diagnosed with type 1 DM

type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

- Girls and boys are almost equally

affected but there is a modest female
preponderance in some low-risk
populations (e.g., the Japanese)
- Peaks of presentation occur in 2 age
groups: at 5-7 yr of age and at the time
of puberty.

Clinical manifestation:
1) Polyuria or nocturia
2) Persistent diuresis (with nocturnal
enuresis, and polydipsia becomes more
apparent)

- Breathlessness
- Polyuria
- Polyphagia
-Weight loss
- Kussmaul respirations

3) Polyphagia
4) Weight loss
5) Ketoacidosis (leads to Kussmaul
respirations, fruity breath odour
(acetone), diminished neurocognitive
functions, and possible coma)

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Complications
a) Acute Complications
1) Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia
Renal failure

2) Ketonuria, Ketonemia, Ketoacidosis

b) Chronic complications
1) Renal Failure
2) Loss of vision

4.2.

Summary
It has been reported that LJ, a 7 years 5 months girl, came to Haji Adam

Malik General Hospital with a chief complain of loss of unconsciousness which

has been experienced by patient for the past 5 days and was diagnosed with dd
Type 1 DM dd Type 2 DM with AKI stadium Failure. The diagnosis was made
based on her history, physical examination, and laboratory findings. The patient
was treated with O2 nasal canula, IVFD based on patients glucose level, and
insulin (novorapid).

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