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5 Intro To Networkingppt
5 Intro To Networkingppt
5. Introduction to Networking
1
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
References
Held G., Internetworking LANs and WANs Concepts,
Techniques and Methods, Wiley, 2nd Ed., 1998
Comment: Good at concepts
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
What is a Network?
A network consists of 2 or more computers
connected together, and they can communicate and
share resources (e.g. information)
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Why Networking?
Sharing information i.e. data communication
Do you prefer these?
Or this?
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Transmission Media
Two main categories:
Twisted-Pair cables:
Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) cables
Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP) cables
Coaxial cables
Fiber-optic cables
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Twisted-Pair Cables
If the pair of wires are not twisted, electromagnetic noises
from, e.g., motors, will affect the closer wire more than
the further one, thereby causing errors
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Insulator
Metal
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Coaxial Cables
In general, coaxial cables, or coax, carry signals of
higher freq (100KHz500MHz) than UTP cables
Outer metallic wrapping serves both as a shield
against noise and as the second conductor that
completes the circuit
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Fiber-Optic Cables
Light travels at 3108 ms-1 in free space and is the
fastest possible speed in the Universe
Light slows down in denser media, e.g. glass
Refraction occurs at interface, with light bending away
from the normal when it enters a less dense medium
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
WAN
Student
Computer Centre
17
USA
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
T3: 28T1
Frame relay
Each link offers 1.544Mbps or even higher
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
PC
TV
Fiber-o
ptic cab
l
Coaxial
Cable
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Cable
Drop
Cable company
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
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Coaxial link
from cable TV
socket
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Peer-to-Peer Networks
Peer-to-peer network is also called workgroup
No hierarchy among computers all are equal
No administrator responsible for the network
Peer-to-peer
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
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10 or less users
No specialized services required
Security is not an issue
Only limited growth in the foreseeable future
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Network Servers
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Star Topology
Hub
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Ring Topology
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Bus Topology
Star Topology
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ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Coaxial
cable
Star Topology
BNC T-Connector
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Network Card
ENG224
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Part II
5. Introduction to Networking
Ring Topology
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Ack
T T
Every computer serves as
a repeater to boost signals
T dat
Typical way to send data:
a
Token passing
T
only the computer who
T Ack
gets the token can send
data
Disadvantages
T
Difficult to add computers
More expensive
If one computer fails, whole network fails
T
T
dat
a
T
T
T
Ack
Ack
dat
a