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Thermodynamics Chapter 3 Solution Sta Maria
Thermodynamics Chapter 3 Solution Sta Maria
After
being driven, thetemperature rises to 75 degree F. Determine the final
gage pressure assuming the volumeremains constant. (Electrical
Engineering Board Exam Problem)
Solution:
Since volume is constant, use Charles Law on constant volume
processes.
P1/T1=P2/T2
Note: P and T should be absolute.
(32+14.7)/ (50+460) =P2/ (75+460)
P2=48.99 psia
Converting back to gage pressure,
P2g=48.99-14.7
P2g=34.29 psig
P2 = (P1V1T2)/(T1V2)
P2 = (14.7 psia x100 ft^3 x 660 k)/(460 k x 1 ft^3)
P2 = 2109.13 psia
3.
300x10/(n2xT2) = P2x10/(n2xT1)
300/T2 = P2/T1
This allowed P2 to be found.
3. Four hundred cubic centimeters of gas at a pressure of 740 mmHg
absolute andtemperature of 18 degree C undergoes a process until the
pressure and temperaturebecomes 760 mmHg absolute and 0 degrees
C respectively. Calculate the final volume of the gas. (Electrical
Engineering Board Exam Problem)
Since all the parameters (temperature, pressure and volume) changes,
use combined gas law
PV/T=constant
P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
(740)(400)/(18+273)=(760)V2/(0+273)
V2=365.3 cc
6 6
m^3
tank
p3
p3
p3
p3
=
=
=
=
nRT3/V
.01925 kg x (2077.67 pa. m^3/kg. K) x (283 K) / (6m^3)
1886.43779 Pa
1.886 kPa
7.
8.
10. A gas initially at 15 psia and 2 ft undergoes a process to 90 psia and 0.60 ft, during which the
enthalpy increases by 15.5 Btu; Cv = 2.44 Btu/ lb . R. Determine (a) Change in U; (b) Cp and (c) R
Given:
P1 = 15 psia
V1 = 2 ft
Cv = 2.44 Btu/ lb . R
P2 = 90 psia
V2 = 0.60 ft
Change in H = 15.5 Btu
Solution:
a. Change in H = Change in U + P2V2 P1V1
15.5 Btu =Change in U +[ { 90 lb/in x 0.60 ft - 15 lb/in x 2 ft}{ 12 in/1 ft x 1 Btu/778 lbf
ft}]
Change in U = 11.05 Btu
b. k = Change in H/Change in U
= 15.5/11.05
= 1.40
Cp = kCv
= 1.40 ( 2.44 Btu/lb . R)
= 3.42 Btu/lb . R
c. Cp = Cv + R
R = Cp Cv
= 3.42 2.44
= 0.98 Btu/lb . R x (778 lbf ft/1 Btu)
= 762.4 lbf ft/lbm - R
11. For a certain gas R=0.277 kJ/ kg.K and k=1.384 (a) What are the value of
Cp and Cv ? (b) What mass of this gas would occupy a volume of 0.425 cu m
at 517.11 kPa and 26.7degree Celsius (c) If 31.65 kJ are transferred to this
gas at constant volume in (b) , what are the resulting temperature and
pressure?
Part (a):
R = Cp - Cv and k = Cp/Cv
You just have to solve two equations and two unknowns:
0.277 = Cp - Cv
1.384 = Cp/Cv => Cp = 1.384*Cv
0.277 = 1.384Cv - Cv = 0.384Cv
Cv = 0.277/0.384 = 0.7214 = 0.721 kJ/kgK
Cp = 1.384*0.7214 = 0.9984 = 0.998 kJ/kgK
Part (b):
Use ideal gas law PV =mRT
m = PV/RT = (517.11 kPa)*(0.425 m^3) / (0.277 kJ/kgK)*(273.15+26.7)
= 2.646 kg = 2.65 kg
Hint: T must be in Kelvins. Take the centigrade temperature and add
273.15 to it.
Part (c)
Q =m*Cv*deltaT = 31.65 kJ = (2.646 kg)*(0.7214 kJ/kgK)*(delta T)