FILM AND

CINEMA
CHAPTER 15
ART, MAN AND SOCIETY

DEFINITION OF CINEMA
Cinema is an act of presentation
in lights that made picture
possible to appear on a twodimensional surface.
This art is governed by drama.
But unlike theater, it is not
presented in live medium
although it is being experienced
by live audiences.

ELEMENTS OF CINEMA

1.Time
2.Space
3.Sound

TIME
The most important element.
3 ASPECTS
1.Physical time time taken by
action, real life
2.Psychological time emotional
impression
3.Dramatic time time taken up
by the events

SPACE
The width and depth of the perceived
reality in a movie, w/c is made
possible through:
1. Scale size of the objects
2. Shooting angle
3. Lighting
4. Frontal lighting eliminate shadow
5. Side lighting characters features
6. Backlighting to create sillhouttes
7. Under lighting off screen fire, distort
features, used in horror
8. Top lighting for emphatic purpose.

SOUNDS

To amply express the

thoughts and feelings
of a particular scene.

CINEMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES

1.Cutting
2.Camera
Movement
3.Framing

CUTTING
This technique is
sometimes called
EDITING.
It consist of joining one
shot with another shot.
It helps eliminate
unwanted scenes

CUTTING
1.Fade it shows change in time and
place
2.Dissolve involves
superimposition of the last portions
shot over adjacent portion of the
next shot to show two events
happening at the same time.
3.Iris-in/Iris-out used in silent
movies, fading from edges to
center
4.Turnover shows the whole
screen turning over the continuing

CINEMATOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES
CAMERA MOVEMENT helps us
experience the gradual growth of
ideas and emotions.
FRAMING it brings about the
balance and unity. It can give a
highly dramatic effect and can
capture and hold the audiences
attention.