Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Frac l09 Xfem
Frac l09 Xfem
Lecture 9
L9.2
Overview
Introduction
Modeling Tips
Current Limitations
Workshop 6
References
Modeling Fracture and Failure with Abaqus
Introduction
L9.4
Introduction
The fracture modeling methods discussed so far only permit crack
propagation along predefined element boundaries
This lecture presents a technique for modeling
bulk fracture which permits a crack to be located
in the element interior
The crack location is independent of the mesh
L9.5
Introduction
This modeling technique
Can be used in conjunction with the cohesive zone model or the virtual
crack closure technique
Delamination can be modeled in conjunction with bulk crack
propagation
Can determine the load carrying capacity of a cracked structure
What is the maximum allowable flaw size for safe operation?
L9.6
Introduction
Some advantages of the method:
L9.7
Introduction
L9.9
L9.10
Heaviside distribution
aI
NG
h
a
u (x) N I (x) u I H (x )a I Fa (x)b I
a 1
I N
I N G
I N
uI
baI
NG
L9.11
Heaviside function
Accounts for displacement jump across crack
1 if (x x* ) n 0
H ( x)
1 otherwise
s
x*
x
Here x is an integration point, x* is the closest point to x on the crack face and n is the unit normal at x*
L9.12
L9.13
L9.14
L9.15
0.25
1.5
0.25
1.0
0.25
1.5
0.25
1.0
0.5
1.5
Modeling Fracture and Failure with Abaqus
Damage Modeling
L9.17
Damage Modeling
Damage modeling is achieved through the use of a traction-separation
law across the fracture surface
It follows the general framework introduced in earlier lectures
Damage initiation
Damage evolution
Failure
L9.18
Damage Modeling
Damage Initiation
max
f 0
max
max
0
max
L9.19
Damage Modeling
Damage Evolution
L9.20
Damage Modeling
Damage Stabilization
L9.21
Damage Modeling
Damage stabilization can currently be defined in Abaqus/CAE only
through the keyword editor
L9.23
L9.24
L9.25
L9.26
The crack location is specified by the zero-valued level set of the signed
distance function F
Abaqus/CAE automatically creates an isosurface view cut named
Crack_PHILSM if an enrichment is used in the analysis
The crack isosurface is displayed by default
Contour plots of field quantities should be done with the crack isosurface
displayed
Ensures that the solution is plotted from the active parts of the
overlaid elements according to the phantom nodes approach
If the crack isosurface is turned off, only values from the lower
element are plotted (corresponding to negative values of F)
Probing field quantities on an element currently returns values only from
the lower element (on the side with negative values of F)
L9.28
L9.29
Damage initiation
*MATERIAL
.
.
.
*DAMAGE INITIATION, CRITERION=MAXPS, TOL=0.05
L9.30
Damage evolution
*DAMAGE INITIATION, CRITERION=MAXPS, TOL=0.05
*DAMAGE EVOLUTION, TYPE=ENERGY, MIXED MODE BEHAVIOR=POWER LAW, POWER=1.0
2870.0, 2870.0, 2870.0
L9.31
Damage stabilization
Keyword interface
*DAMAGE STABILIZATION
1.e-5
Coefficient of viscosity m
L9.32
L9.33
Keyword interface
*ENRICHMENT, TYPE=PROPAGATION CRACK, NAME=CRACK-1,
ELSET=SELECTED_ELEMENTS, INTERACTION=CONTACT-1
L9.34
Increase the number of increments for step from the default value of
100
*STEP
*STATIC, inc=10000
0.01, 1.0, 1.0e-09, 0.01
.
.
.
L9.35
*STEP
*STATIC, inc=10000
0.01, 1.0, 1.0e-09, 0.01
.
.
.
*CONTROLS, ANALYSIS=DISCONTINUOUS
L9.36
*STEP
*STATIC, inc=10000
0.01, 1.0, 1.0e-09, 0.01
.
.
.
*CONTROLS, ANALYSIS=DISCONTINUOUS
*CONTROLS, PARAMETER=TIME INCREMENTATION
, , , , , , , 20
8th field
L9.37
L9.38
L9.40
L9.41
Method 1 is preferred as it takes full advantage of the meshindependent crack representation possible using XFEM
L9.42
** Model data
*INITIAL CONDITIONS, TYPE=ENRICHMENT
901, 1, Crack-1, -1.0, -1.5
901, 2, Crack-1, -1.0, -1.4
901, 3, Crack-1, 1.0, -1.4
901, 4, Crack-1, 1.0, -1.5
Element Number
Enrichment Name
L9.43
L9.45
L9.46
Modeling Tips
L9.48
Modeling Tips
General Information
L9.49
Modeling Tips
The enrichment region must not include hotspots due to boundary
conditions or other modeling artifacts
Otherwise, unintended cracks may initiate at such locations
Damage initiation tolerance
A larger value may result in multiple cracks initiating in a region
L9.50
Modeling Tips
Limit maximum increment size and start with a good guess for initial
increment size
In general, this is a good approach for any non-smooth nonlinearity
Analysis controls
Can help obtain a converged solution and speed up convergence
L9.51
Modeling Tips
When defining the crack using Abaqus/CAE, extend the external crack
edges beyond base geometry
This helps avoid incorrect identification of external edges as internal due
to geometric tolerance issues
Top View
Current Limitations
L9.53
Current Limitations
Implemented only for the static stress analysis procedure
L9.54
Current Limitations
The first signed distance function F must be non-zero
Workshop 6
L9.56
Workshop 6
In this workshop, you will
continue with the analysis of a
cracked beam subjected to pure
bending using XFEM
References
L9.58
References
1. I. Babuska and J. Melenk, Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng (1997), 40:727-758