AEROBIC OXIDATION OF GLUCOSE

ATP YIELD
GLUCOSE
ATP

Glucose-6-

P
P

Fructose-6-

Glycerone-3-

(Di-OH-acetone- P)

ADP

ATP

Fructose-1,6-bis-

3-

3-

2
P

ADP

-Glyceraldehyde

1,3-bis-

2 NAD
2 P

-Glycerate

+
2NADH+2H

2ADP

2ATP

-Glycerate

-P-Glycerate
2H

-enol pyruvate

2ADP

Net gain in
2ATP

Glycolysis

2 PYRUVATE

2 ATP

MITOCHIONDRIAL INNER MEMBRANE

+
NADH + H

Succinate (

2 Succinate (

10NADH + 10H+
40

2 PYRUVATE

2 Oxaloacetate

2H+

UQH

2UQH )

FADH2

UQ
Cyt.b

Ubiquinone

Cycle

FAD

H
+
2

H
2 Succinyl-CoA

Succinate

2Pi

ATP
2 ATP

Cyt.a

IV

Cyt.a3
CuB

3.6.1.34

2ADP

/2 O 2
2 Pi Pi

2H+
2

H2 O

MATRIX

2GTP

1.9.3.1

MITOCHONDRIAL

2GDP

III
1.10.2.2

CuA

20

2-Oxoglutarate

-OOCCH-CHCOO-

2H

Fe-S

Cyt.c

Fumarate
2

Cyt.c1

-OOCCH=CHCOO-

II

Cyt.b

2NADH+2H+

10NADH+10H+
2 Isocitrate

UQH2

Shuttle

Malate

1.3.5.1

Fe-S

1.3.5.1

2 Citrate

40

ACETYL-CoA

FMN

1.6.5.3

Fe-S

1.6.5.3

FMNH2

F1

Pi

ADP

ATP

Pi
ADP
ADP

112

F0
TRAN

SL
O

INTER -MEMBRANE SPACE

ADP

2ADP

2 Pi Pi

A
T

2ATP
INTERMEMBRANE SPACE

PR

O TONS

1ATP
A

NS

LO

C AT E D P R

OT

TRAN

=
= 1 AT P

SL

APPROXIMATE ATP YIELD PER MOLE OF GLUCOSE

4 Translocated Protons

A
T

PR

O TONS

1 ATP

112 Translocated Protons

+
from (10NADH + 10H ) + 2 Succinate

28 ATP

Add 2 GTP from TCA Cycle in Matrix

less 0.5 ATP for translocation of 2P

CYTOPLASM

for phosphorylation of 2GDP

1.5 ATP

Less 0.5 ATP for translocation of 4H

in Malate-Aspartate Shuttle

-0.5 ATP

Add 2 ATP from Glycolysis

2 ATP

31 ATP
CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE

COMPLEX I
NADH dehydrogenase
(ubiquinone)

1.6.5.3

COMPLEX II

COMPLEX III

COMPLEX IV

Succinate
dehydrogenase
(ubiquinone)
1.3.5.1

Ubiquinol-

Cytochrome-c

cytochrome-c

oxidase

reductase
1.10.2.2

ATP-synthase
3.6.1.34

1.9.3.1

AEROBIC OXIDATION OF GLUCOSE - using Malate-Aspartate Shuttle

C6H12O6

6O2 + ~ (31 ADP + 31 Pi)

6CO2 + 6H2O + ~ (31 ATP + 31 H2O)

The human need for ATP is so great that it is calculated that we synthesise our body's weight each day

2001 IUBMB