WELDING DISCONTINUITIES AND DEFECTS

Porosity

Worm hole

Inclusion

Wagon tracks

Lack of penetration

Cold lap

Lack of fusion

Internal concavity

Burn through

Lamination and delamination

Seam and lap

Under fill

Lamellar tearing

cracks


(( POROSITY

( )...
( ).....
( ) CO2,ARGON () GTAW,..


()

UNIFORMLY SCATTERED o

CLUSTER POROSITY o

WORM HOLE

ALIGNED POROSITY

 ( ) .........

INCLUSION
( ) )(POWDER

o
ELONGATED SLAG LINES

WAGON TRACKS

INTERPASS SLAG INCLUSIONS

( ) .........

INCOMPLETE OR LACK OF PENETRATION ( LOP )

:

( )

INCOMPLETE FUSION o
( )
:

INTER PASS COLD LAP

LACK OF SIDE WALL FUSION

INTERNAL CONCAVITY

BURN THROUGH

( )

LAMINATION & DELAMINATION
LAMINATION



DELAMINATION


SEAM & LAP

) MPI

(
UNDER FILL

()
METALLIC INCLUSION
()
GTAW , PAW

UNDER CUT

:

 ( )


o

CRACKS
:
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9 ( ) .......
.10
.11 ( )
.12 ()HEAT INPUT
.13
.14
o -:
.1 ( )HOT CRACK
.2 " ()COLD CRACK
.3 ()DELAY CRACK