Switch Mode Power

Supply(SMPS)

Prepared by
Dhrumil H. Sheth

Switched-Mode DC Power
Supplies

Five configurations

Flyback

Forward

Push-pull

Half Bridge

Full-Bridge

Operate at high frequencies

Easy to filter out harmonics

Flyback Converter

Mode 1 Operation -- Q1 ON
Current

builds up in the primary winding

Secondary winding has the opposite polarity D1
OFF
C maintains the output voltage, supplies load
current

Mode 2 Operation -- Q1 turned OFF

Polarity

of the windings reverses

Diode D1 conducts, charging C and providing
current to the load RL
Secondary current falls to 0 before the next
cycle begins

Waveform Summary

Double-ended Flyback
Converter

Forward Converter

Features
Includes

a reset winding to return energy

Secondary

dot so that D2 forward biased when

Q1 is ON no energy stored in the primary

Operates

in continuous mode

Mode 1 Operation -- Q1 ON
Current

builds up in the primary

winding
Energy

transferred to the load

Mode 2 Operation -- Q1
turned OFF
Polarity

of transformer voltages

reverses
D2

turns OFF, D1 and D3 turn ON

Waveform Summary

Vo

D3

Current Components in the

Primary

Double-ended Forward
Converter

Push-Pull Converter

Push-Pull Operation
Q1

ON, Vs across the lower primary winding

Q2

ON, Vs across the upper primary winding

Half-Bridge Converter

Mode 1 Operation
Q1

ON, D1 conducting

Energy

transferred to the load

Mode 2 Operation
Both
D1

transistors are OFF

continues to conduct due to current in L1

Mode 3 Operation
Q2

ON, D2 conducting

Energy

transferred to the load

Mode 4 Operation
Both
D2

transistors OFF

continues to conduct due to current in L1

Waveform Summary k<0.5

Full-Bridge Converter

Mode 1 Operation
Q1,Q4

ON, Q2,Q3 OFF

D1 conducting, energy transferred to the load

Mode 2 Operation
All

transistors are OFF

D1 continues to conduct due to current in L1

Mode 3 Operation
Q2,Q3
D2

are ON, Q1,Q4 OFF

conducting, energy transferred to the load

Mode 4 Operation
All
D2

transistors are OFF

continues to conduct due to current in L1

Waveform Summary k<0.5

Half-Bridge Resonant Inverter

Full-Bridge Resonant Inverter

Bidirectional Power Supply