RESEARCH PAPER TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in EDLE & CUIN
EDUC 5312: CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
Name: NEHMETHAN YAGCI

Date: 3/6/2016

Instructional Project 3
Directions:
This is a research assignment. Use your textbook, web articles, and NAU library
to conduct research when writing this paper.
Use APA style references and in-text- citations. You need to use at least 3
different resources besides Castronova (2002), and Moore (2015).
Part 1. DISCOVERY LEARNING:
Download and read the following article:

Castronova, J. A. (2002). Discovery learning for the 21st century:

What is it and how does it compare to traditional learning in
effectiveness in the 21st century. Action Research Exchange, 1(1), 112. Retrived from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?
doi=10.1.1.594.6363&rep=rep1&type=pdf

After reading this article and conducting additional research, answer

to the following questions.

What is discovery learning?

Discovery learning is an inquiry-based, constructivist learning theory that takes
place in problem solving situations where the learners draws on his or her past
experience and existing knowledge to discover facts and relationships and truths
to be learned.

How does this form of teaching compare to traditional, teacher-centered

instruction?
Learning is active rather than passive
Learning is process-based rather than fact-based
Failure is important

Feedback is necessary
Understanding is deeper

What educational theories support the discovery learning model?

Dewey(1916) describes learning as action where knowledge and ideas emerge
as learners interact with other learners in a community and build their knowledge
by applying conclusions from past experiences that had meaning and
importance.
In Piaget wrote that understanding comes from discovery and that
without understanding production and creativity are lost and the individual is
caught in only repetition.( To Understand is to Invent 1973)
these are two theories that support discovery learning.
What is the most important thing you discovered about discovery learning?
It is more common than I thought. I learned my first language by discovery before
I even started going to school. Students learn much more by discovery rather
than traditional method.
How can you apply this method to your future classroom?
By creating lessons that will require students to discover new concepts.

Part 2. ADDITIONAL CHAPTERS

Select one of the following chapters to conduct research: Chapter 2,

3, 5 or 12. Review the chapter and respond to related questions for
that chapter by conducting your own research.

Chapter 5- Managing Classroom Environment

1. Discipline approaches. Analyze the three approaches to classroom

management. Which approach, if any, do you prefer? Can you put together parts
of the different approaches and come up with an eclectic approach that you think
would work for you? Can you identify some basic concepts that appear to be true
of all three approaches?
I would prefer instructional approach over the other two approaches. Of course
all approaches may have some parts that really work. at this point I witnessed
that whenever I taught my students by engaging them I had no classroom
management problem at all. That is why I prefer instructional approach. On the
other hand self-discipline and desist approach may be preferred for some
reasons. Self-discipline approach would work best to teach students taking
responsibility. Besides that teacher and student would not lose face in case

conflict was solved in a way that forcing student hate the teacher. Desist
approach would also work for some reasons. Even tough teacher has a wellplanned lesson and good relationship with the students. For some reason we
cannot control, there may be students who will act out anyway. These students
should be disciplined in this approach after everything has been tried.
In summary self-discipline approach works best for students who can take
responsibility. Instructional approach works best to engage most of the students.
Desist approach works best for the rest of the class.
I would apply them all based on students behavior. After I try some other
techniques like giving calm reminder, the next time message which focuses on
what would happen if misbehavior repeats rather than giving immediate warning.
(Merrill Harmin, 1995) These techniques help teacher in many aspects.
2. Causes of misbehavior. Think back over the classes you have attended in
which there have been disciplinary incidents. List the possible causes for any
such misbehavior. How might knowledge of the causes of these incidents
influence a teachers actions? Some behavior problems are teacher created and
some are student centered. Can you think of examples?
I have been in classes where there were some disciplinary incidents. I think
possible causes are as follows,
1. lessons are boring no engagement no interaction at all. All you have to is to sit
and listen for 45 minutes.
1. teacher does not care if students misbehaves at the first time by talking to
other students.
2. teacher is patient for most of the time giving only friendly warnings.
3. teacher starts yelling out after giving several warnings and leaving the
classroom even worse arguing with the student like he was at his age.
I think if teacher know the source of the problem he may deal with it. Teacher
would make the lessons more engaging. Having a professional relationship with
the student and regaining students attention in the middle of the lesson by
changing the subject or telling a story for a 1 or 2 minutes would cut out such
behavioral issues. Also teacher may give student a warning to stress out that
student is making good choices.A behavioral reminder is a brief, neutral prompt
to help the student to remember and follow classroom behavioral expectations.
(Simonsen, Fairbanks, Briesch, Myers, and Sugai, 2008). Teacher should know
why student is misbehaving. So that teacher may solve the misbehavior issues. A
good diagnose to problem is half of solution.
As to teacher and student created problems. I think student created problems are

as follows
1. Talking without permission.
2. Disrespecting teacher by talking back.
When it comes to teacher created problems
1. being a naive teacher.
2. lack of engaging lessons.
3. taking everything personally.
Part 3. REFERENCES:

Cite at least 5 References in APA.

You need to use at least 3 different resources besides Castronova
(2002), and Moore (2015).
You may use http://www.citationmachine.net/apa/cite-a-journal for
citing your sources in APA style.

References:
Bruner, J.S (1967) On knowing: Essays for the left hand. Cambridge,
Mass: Harvard University Press.
K.D Moore (2012) Effective instructional strategies: From theory to practice.
Los Angeles, CA: Sage publications.
Castronova, J. (2002). Discovery learning for the 21. Century an action
research study.
Simonsen, B., Fairbanks, S. Briesch, A., Myers, D., and Sugai, G. (2008).
Evidence-based Practices in Classroom Management: Considerations for
Research to Practice. Education and Treatment of Children, 31(1),-380.
Merrill Harmin. 1995. Inspiring Discipline. Washington, D.C. NEA Professional
Library.