Engleza Pentru Incepatori - Lectia 21-22

RECAPITULARE
1.
2.
3.
Comparatia adjectivelor:
good
better
the best
big
bigger
the biggest
large
larger
the largest
easy
easier
the easiest
books
halves
women
glasses
tomatoes
sheep
babies
children
mice
Pluralul substantivelor:
Utilizarea verbului auxiliar "to do" in propozitii interogative ~i negative:

Do you often visit them?
Did they know?
We don't live there.
They don't want to go.
4.
Diateza pasiva - the Passive Voice

- structura: - verbul "to be" la timpul corespunzator + forma a III-a a verbului de conjugat
The thief was caught (by the police).
5.
Fraza conditionala tipul I

- structura:
Propozitia principala
(verbulla Simple Future Tense)
He will visit his friends if he has time.
6.
- Hotul a fost prins (de politi~ti).
if - Propozitia subordonata
(verbulla Simple Present Tense)
- I~i va vizita prietenii daca va avea timp.
Scrierea ~i citirea datelor

on the 2pt of October > [on D/a t"enti fa'st ov oktaubarJ -pe data de 21 octombrie
"
"
PARTEA INTAI
LECTIA
21
,
Ca de obicei, incepem ~i aceasta lectie cu cateva cuvinte noi.

Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i retineti sensullor in limba romana:
situation
>
[sitiuei~an ]
- situatie, stare
scene
>
[si:n]
- scena, decor
film
>
[film]
- film
difference
> [difrans]
disease
>
[dizi:z]
- boala, maladie
gesture
>
[ djest~ar]
- gest
person
>
[pa:rsn]
- individ, persoana
invention
>
[inven~n]
- inventie, descoperire
play
> [plei]
- joe, piesa
task
> [ta:sk]
- sarcina, indatorire
struggle
> [stragl]
- lupta, intrecere
spy
> [spai]
- splOn
- diferenta, deosebire
Repetati din nou cuvintele, dar intr-o alta ordine:

[inven~n]
invention
>
film
> [film]
- film
spy
> [spai]
- splOn
situation
>
disease
> [dizi:z]
- boala, maladie
struggle
> [stragl]
- lupta, intrecere
gesture
> [ djest~ar]
- gest
scene
> [si:n]
- scena, decor
person
> [pa:rsn]
- individ, persoana
task
> [ta:sk]
- sarcina, indatorire
difference
> [difrans]
play
> [plei]
- joe, piesa
[sitiuei~an ]
- situatie, stare
Sa folosim cuvintele noi in propozitii:

sltlUei~n]
We are in a difficult situation.
> ["1. a-' In a difikalt
It was a beautiful scene.
> [It "oz a blU.tlral si:n]
Have you seen that film?
- Suntem intr-o situatie dificila.

- Era un decor minunat.
- Ai vazut filmul acela?
This is a dangerous disease.
> [It IZ a demdjaras dJZi:z]
Do you see the difference?
> [du
It is a nice gesture.
> [D'is iz a nais
Who are these persons?
> [hu: a: r D/I:z pa:rsnz]
- Cine sunt aceste persoane?
Is television a useful
invention?
> (IZ tellVljn a lU:sfal
- Este televizorul
o inventie utila?
Who has written this play?
> [1m: hEz ritn DZis plel]
- Cine a scris aceasta piesa?
It is a hard task.
> [It IZ a ha:rd ta.sk]
- Este
Was it a long struggle?
> [U oz it a lon,gl stragl]
- A fost 0 lupta lunga?
There are spies in this

country.
> [DZear a r spaiz in DZis

kantn]
- Sunt spioni in aceasta

tara.
IU: SI:
D'a difrans]
dJest~ar]
Inven~n]
- Este
-
Ve~i
boala periculoasa.
deosebirea?
- Este un gest dragut.
sarcina grea.
Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele noi:

Diferentele nu sunt importante.
- The >dlfkrences are not important.
Aceasta piesa este foarte scurta.
- This >play is very short.
El
cunoa~te
- Does he know their > sItuation?
situatia lor?
Sarcina voastra este sa scrieti un eseu.
- Your >task is to write an essay.
Aceasta este ultima scena a filmului.
- This is the last >scene of the > fi 1m.
Nu cunosc boala aceea.
- I don't know that >disease.
Nu sunt ve~ti despre intrecere.
- There is no news of the > struggle.
Nu cunosc nici una din aceste persoane.
- I don't know any of these >persons.
A fost un gest ciudat.
- It was a strange> gesture.
El a fost spion?
- Was he a >spy?
Aceasta inventie este foarte utila.
- This> invention is very useful.
Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza:

lupta, intrecere
> struggle
persoana
> person
scena
> scene
splOn
> spy
inventie
> mvention
gest
> gesture
film
> film
piesa
> play
sarcina
> task
deosebire
> difference
situatie
> situation
boala
> disease
Dacii la forma de infinitiv scurt (fiirii particula to a verbului) qdiiugiim terminafia -ing, obfinem
participiul prezent, pe care-l putem folosi in propozifii ca adverb.
De exemplu:
This job is exhausting.
> [DZls dJob IZ Igzo:stm(gl]
- Aceasta munca este epuizantii.
The difference is striking.
> [DZa difrans iz stralkin(g)]
- Deosebirea este frapantii.
The work is tiring.
> [DZa "a .rk iz tamrm(g)]
- Munca este obositoare.
His gesture was inviting.
- Gestullui a fost ispititor.
This disease is catching.
> [DZls dlzi:z IZ kEt~in(g)]
- Aceasta boala este molipsitoare.
The news is surprising.
> [DZa nlU:Z iz sapralzin(g)]
Ve~tile
sunt surprinziitoare.
Sa invatam verbele noi de la care am format participiul prezent:

to invite
> [tu mvalt]
- a invita
to surprise
> [tu sapralz]
- a surprinde, a uimi, a lua prin

surprindere
to tire
> [tu tad]
- a obosi
to strike
> [tll str<\lk]
- a lovi, a izbi, a frapa, a
to exhaust
> [tu Igzo.st]
- a epuiza, a istovi
Dintre aceste verbe, to strike este neregulat. Invatati cele trei forme ale sale:
strike> [stral kJ
struck> [stlak]
struck> [strak]
4
~oca
.,
-
lata cum se folosesc verbele noi in propozitii:

Long work always
tires me.
> llon'c) "a :'k o:l""iz
I like to surprise you.
> [al 1,lIk tu S,lpral7 iu:]
- Imi place sa te iau prin

surprindere.
We have already invited

Peter.
> ["I: hh O:!TCdl invaitid

pi:ta'i
- L-am invitat deja pe Peter.
They will exhaust their

savmgs soon.
> ll)l<:I"illg/O.,t D'<:{'

selvm(~)7 slI:nJ
- I~i vor epuiza in curiind

economiile.
The clock is just striking

seven.
> [IYa klok

sevnJ
- Ceasul tocmai bate ora
- Munca indelungata rna

intotdeauna.
131'l'.c ill t: ]
17
djast stralklll'C)
obose~te
~apte.
In exercitiul urmator completati spatiile din propozitii cu forma corespunzatoare a verbului sau cu
participiul prezent:
Pe cine vrei sa inviti?
- Who do you want to >invlte?
Aceasta boala molipsitoare este periculoasa.
- This >catching dIseaSe is dangerous.
M-ai surprins foarte tare.
- You have >surpnscd me very much.
A fost
Te
- It was a very >tinng day.
zi foarte obositoare.
obose~te
- Does this book >tlrc you?
aceasta carte?
Intrebarea lui a fost surprinzatoare.
- His question was >surprising.
Ultimul sau film m-a frapat.
- His newest film >struck me.
Propunerea ta e tentanta.
- Your proposition sounds >invlting.
Ne-am cheltuit deja toti banii.
- We have already >cxhausted all our money.
Este frapanta aceasta diferenta?
- Is this difference >striklllg?
Aceasta lunga plimbare a fost epuizanta.
- This long walk was >exhausting.
Va amintifi desigur de propozifia condifionala de tipul I despre care am discutat in lecfia anterioani.
Conjuncfia if poate fi fnlocuita cu alte conjuncfii:
when
> [lien]
- ciind
as soon as
>[Ez sll'n l:>j
- indata ce
after
> l a.fla'J
- dupa, dupa aceea, dupa ce,

ulterior
before
>[blfo:'J
- inainte, dinaintea
Propozifia care incepe cu oricare dintre conjuncfiile de mai sus, se nume~te propozitie
circumstantiala de timp. Nu este nici 0 diferenfa intre structura propozifiei condifionale de tipul I ~i
propozifia circumstanfiala de timp. Verbul din propozifia subordonata introdusa de aceste conjuncfii
este la timpul prezent simplu (Simple Present).
De exemplu:
He will buy the car as soon as > llll. "II bal DZa ka. r Ez su:n
as he gets the money.
Ez hI. gets IYa malll]
- El va cumpara ma~ina de
indata ce prime~te banii.
I will have dinner before

I go to him.
> [al ull hEy dina' blfo:'

a' gau tu hIm]
- Voi cina inainte sa merg la el.
When you are in the same

situation you will
understand me.
> [U en
- Cand te vei afla

in aceea~i situatie
rna vei intelege.
After I finish this book

I will go for a walk.
> [a:fta r al filll~ DZIS buk

a' uII gau fd a U o k]
D"a selm
sitlUel~n 1U. uII
anda rstEnd mI:]
1U.
a.'
111
- Dupa ce termin cartea aceasta

o sa fac 0 plimbare.
Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Cind incepe sa ploua yom duce cainele
acasa.
> When it starts to ram we WIll take the dog

home.
De indata ce cite~ti aceasta carte imi vei

spune ceva despre asta.
> As soon as you read thIS book you wIll

tell me something about It.
Inainte de-a pleca yom inchide radioul.
> Before we leave we wIll turn off the radio.
Voi face curatenie in casa dupa ee lucrez

in gradina.
> I WIll clean the house after I work

in the garden.
Sa lnvatam eateva adjective noi. Unele dintre ele se formeaza din verbe. Cititi-le eu voce tare
atenti la pronuntle:
alarming
> [ala. rmm(g)]
- alarmant, ingrijorator
exciting
> [Iksaltm(g)]
- interesant, captivant
moving
> [mu:vin(gJ]
- emotionant
foreign
> [form]
- strain
useless
> [LU:shs]
- inutil, nefolositor
remarkable
> [nma.rkabl]
- remarcabil, deosebit
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii. Cititi propozitiile cu voce tare

romana:
I have heard some
alarming news.
> [al hEy ha:rd sam
We saw an exciting match.
> [U I: so. an iksaitin(gJ mEt~]
His speech was moving.
> [hlz
ala.rmm(g) ntu:z]
spi.t~
uoz mu:vm(IP]
~i
~i
fiti
fiti atenti la traducerea in limba
- Am auzit cateva
ve~ti alarmante.
- Noi am vazut un meci captivant.
- Discursullui a fost emotionant.
She is a foreign spy.
> [~i: iz a form spa!)
- Ea este
This is a useless tool.
>[O'IS lZ a m:slis tu:l]
- Acesta este un instrument inutil.
This is a remarkable story.
>[IY\s iz a rima:'kabl sto:ri]
- Aceasta este
remarcabila.
spioana straina.
poveste
Completati propozitiile cu cuvintele noi:

Filmul a fost foarte captivant.
- The film was very >excltmg.
Am avut un vis deosebit.
- 1 had a >remarkable dream.
EI nu are bani straini.
- He has no >forelgn money.
Aceasta scena este foarte emotionanta.
- This scene is very >moving.
Aceasta carte imi este nefolositoare.
- This book is >useless to me.
Prognoza meteo este alarmanta.
- The weather forecast is >alarming
Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

strain, din alta tara
> foreIgn
inutil, nefolositor
> useless
emotionant
> movmg
alarmant, ingrijorator
> alanmng
remarcabil, deosebit
> remarkable
captivant
> eX':ltlOg
in textele anterioare am inlocuit uneori substantivele cu pronumele nehotartit one. Utilizarea

pronumelui nehotartit este obligatorie alaturi de adjective, iar ltinga adjectivele sunt deseori un
articol hotartit:
ro~ii ~i
I have two red chairs and a white one.
- Am doua scaune
They have two cars. He wants the big one.
- Au doua ma~ini. EI
unul alb.
vrea pe cea mare.
Pronumele nehotartit one are ~i forma de plural:

Have you ever seen cheaper ones?
- Ai vazut vreodata unele mai ieftine?
I like these black ones.
- Imi plac acestea negre.
Completati propozitiile cu fonna corespunzatoare a pronumelui "one":

Am multe ceasuri dar nici unul modem.
El
~i-a
- I have many clocks, but no modem> ones.
pierdut ceasul ~i a platit 0 gramada
- He lost his watch and paid a lot of
de bani pentru unul nou.

Aveti de vanzare
~i
money for a new> one.

- Do you also sell foreign> ones?
unele straine?
Imi plac cainii, dar acesta nu este unul frumos.
- I like dogs, but this isn't a nice> one.
Nu am multe reviste, Ie voi trimite
- I haven't many magazines, I will send

these old >ones.
pe acestea vechi.
~tiu
- I know that glasses are expensive. How much
ca ochelarii sunt scumpi. Cat ai platit
pentru
ace~tia noi?
have you paid for these new> ones?
Ultima ei scrisoare a fost scurta.
- Her last letter was a short >one.
Aceasta ma~ina este ieftina.
- This car is a cheap >one.
Dintre toate cartile acestea vreau sa Ie citesc
- Of all these books I want to read only
doar pe cele captivante.
the exciting >ones.
Acum sa invatam cateva verbe noi:

to disappoint
> [tll dlsapoll1t]
- a dezamagi, a deceptiona
to excite
> [tll I ksa/l]
- a provoca, a emotiona
to move
>[tllmll\j
- a se
mi~ca,
a se muta,
a (se) emotiona
'ml
to alann
> [tll ala
to choose
> [tll
to hide
> [tll b.lid]
- a alanna, a speria
t~ll:Z]
- a alege, a selecta
- a ascunde, a acoperi
Doua dintre aceste verbe sunt neregulate. lata fonnele lor:

choose
> [t 011z]
hide
> [Iwd]
chose
> [t~allz]
chosen
> [t 0311Zn]
hid
> [11I(1J
hidden
>[hidn]
Unnariti folosirea verbelor in propozitii
~i
exersati pronuntia:
You have disappointed me.
>llli. hE\ dls:tpointid ml:]
- M-ai dezamagit.
The film excited them.
> [ L)/ a (Ii 111 Ii.;sa/tld Diem]
- Filmul i-a emotionat.
We have moved to Bucharest.
> I "I il f'\
- Ne-am mutat la Bucure~ti.
I11LJ
vel III huh,nest]
The cars alarmed

the animals.
> [IYa ka:'z ala:'md

DZi Enimalz]
What book have you chosen?
> ["at buk hEy iu:
t~auzn]
- Ce carte ai ales?
They chose the largest

carpet.
> [DZei t~auz DZii la:'djast

ka:'pit]
- Au ales covorul
cel mai mare.
Where have you hidden that?
> ["ea' hEy iu: hidn DZEt]
- Unde ai ascuns aceea?
Ma~inile
Ie-au speriat pe
animale.
Completati propozitiile cu forma corespunzatoare a verbelor nou invatate:

Oamenii nu s-au mi~cat.
- The men didn't >move.
Ce te-a provocat?
- What has >exclted you?
Ea
~i-a
- She >disappointed her parents.
deceptionat parintii.
Au ascuns totul?
- Have they >hidden everything?
Am ales cea mai scumpa carte.
- I >chose the most expensive book.
Asta ne-a alarmat intotdeauna.
- It has always >alarmed us.
disappointed parents
tiring work
Sa recapitulam prima parte a lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Situatia noastra este foarte dificila.
> Our situation is 'very difficult.
Ti-a placut piesa?
> DId you like the play?
Tocmai am primit cateva ve~ti surprinzlitoare.
> [ have Just got some surprising news.
Inainte sa vedem acest film, ne yom face datoria.
> HerO! 10 we see tIllS film, we'll do our task.
A fost eel mai interesant meei pe care

I-am vazut vreodata.
> It was the most excitmg match

I have ever seen.
Cand vrei sa te muti?
> When do you want to move?
Chiar erezi ea este inutil?
> Do you really think It IS useless?
S-a intamplat eeva deosebit?
> Has anything remarkable happened')
Cartea lui eea mai noua m-a ~oeat.
> HIs newest book struck me.
Este vreo diferenta intre aeeste

doua boli?
> Is there any difference between these

two diseases?
surprising news
exciting match
10
LECTIA
21 - PARTEA A nOVA
,
Sa invatam cateva cuvinte referitoare la ma~ini:
engme
> [endjin]
- motor
petrol
> [petral]
- benzina, carburant
litre
> [li:tarJ
- litru
oil
> [oil]
- ulei
battery
> [bEtari]
- baterie, acumulator
trouble
> [trabl]
- necaz, neplacere, griji,

deranj
lorry
> [Iori]
- camlOn
tyre
> [taia r]
- anvelopa, cauciuc
brake
> [breikJ
- fdina
mechanic
> [mikEnik]
- mecanic
indicator
> [indikeita']
- indicator (de directie etc),

aparat de masural
de control
breakdown van
> [breikdaun vEn]
ma~ina
de depanare-auto
Repetati cuvintele intr-o aWi ordine:

trouble
> [trabl]
- necaz, neplacere, griji,

deranj
petrol
> [petral]
engme
> [endjin]
- motor
breakdown van
> [breikdaun vEn]
litre
> [li:ta l ]
- litru
lorry
> [Iori]
- camlOn
battery
> [bEtari]
- baterie, acurnulator
brake
> [hreik]
- frana
mechanic
> [mikEnik]
- mecanic
indicator
> [indikeita rJ
- indicator (de directie etc),

aparat de masural
de control
tyre
> [taia']
- anvelopa, cauciuc
oil
> [oil J
- ulei
11
ma~ina
de depanare-auto
lata cuvintele noi intr-un scurt dialog. Cititi-l cu atentie:

A:
Yesterday I had some trouble with my lorry. It suddenly stopped and a breakdown van took it
to mechanic.
B:
Did you have engine trouble or too little petrol?
A:
No, I didn't. The battery and the indicators didn't work.
B:
Did the mechanic help you?
A:
Yes, he did everything very fast.
B:
Did he also look at the brakes and the tyres?
A:
Yes, they were all right. I bought two litres of oil and he changed it for me.
lar acum sa traducem fiecare propozitie:
trouble with my lorry.
> [festa'del al hEd sam

trabl uiD Zmal Ion]
- leri am avut probleme

cu camionul meu.
It suddenly stopped and a
> [it sadanli stopt End a
...:. S-a oprit brusc ~i 0 ma~ina

de depanare auto
I-a dus la un mecanic.
Yesterday I had some
breakdown van took it

to a mechanic.
brelkdaun vEn tuk It

tu D'a ImkEmk]
Did you have engine trouble

or too little petrol?
> [dId Ill: hEv endJIn trabl O:T - Ai avut probleme cu motorul
No, I didn't. The battery and
> [nau al didnt D'a bEtari End - Nu. Acumulatorul
the indicators didn't work.
lu: lit] petral]
sau prea putina benzina?
D'I indlkeltaTz didnt ua:Tk]
~i
indicatoarele n-au functionat.
Did the mechanic help you?
> [dId DZa mlkEmk help iu:]
- Te-a ajutat mecanicul?
Yes, he did everything
> [ies hi: dId evnT'in(t')
- Da, a facut totul foarte repede.
very fast.
Did he also look at
the brakes and the tyres?
veri fa:st]
> [did hI: o:lsau luk Et
DZa
brelks
End D'a
talaTz]
a:' 0:1 ralt]
Yes, they were all right.
> [les Dlel
I bought two litres of oil
> [ai bo:t tu: li:taTz avail
and he changed it for me.
End hI:
t~emdjd
12
it for mi:]
- S-a uitat ~i la frane

la cauciucuri?
~i
- Da, erau in regula.

- Am cumparat doi litri de ulei
el mi I-a schimbat.
~i
Completati propozitiile urmatoare cu cuvintele noi:

Zece litri, va rog.
- Ten >Iitres, please.
Mecanicul mi-a reparat franele (de la ma~ina).
-The mechanic fixed my (car) >brakes.
Ai doua cauciucuri uzate.
- You have two worn out >tyres.
Nu ~tiu care este problema.
- I don't know what the >trouble is.
Cat costa acest motor?
- How much is this >engine?
Ea conduce
0 ma~ina
- She drives a >breakdown van.
de depanare auto.
Ai nevoie de un alt fel de ulei.
- You need another kind of >oiL
Unde putem parca aceste camioane?
- Where can we park these >Iorries?
Benzina este scumpa in aceasta tara.
- >Petrol is expensive in this country.
Acest acumulator nu functioneaza.
- This >battery is out of order.
Este aici un mecanic care sa rna ajute?
- Is there a >mechamc to help me?
Folose~te
- Use the >mdicators!
indicatoarele!
Traduceti cuvintele urmatoare in limba engleza:

motor
> engine
indicator
> indicator
necaz, neplacere
> trouble
acumulator
> battery
litru
> litre
depanare auto
> breakdown van
cauciuc, pneu
> tyre
friina
> brake
ulei
> 011
carburant
> petrol
camlon
> lorry
mecanic
> mechanic
Sa ne intoarcem la comparatia adjectivelor ~i adverbelor.
Ciind compariim substantive, superioritatea se exprimii prin forma de comparativ precedatii de

articolul hotiiriit the:
This is the cheaper of
the two cars.
> [DZis iz DZa t~i:par av

DZa ttl" ka 'z]
- Dintre cele doua ma~ini aceasta

este mai ieftini.
Is this the taller of

the two buildings?
>
- Dintre cele doua cladiri aceasta

este mai inalti?
DZis DZa to:la'

DZa tu: bildlll(g)z]
[IZ
13
'1\
Cre~terea sau descre~terea progresiva se exprima prin utilizarea repetata a gradului comparativ al
adjectivului sau adverbului, legate prin conjunctia and:
The car moved faster

and faster.
> [DZakd:'mu:vdfasta'
Petrol is becoming more

and more expensive.
> [petIallz blkamin(g) rna:'

End mar Ikspenslv]
- Benzina e din ce in ce
mai scumpa.
They talked less and

less quietly.
> [IYel to kt les End
- Ei au vorbit din ce in ce
mai tare.
End fa:sta']
les kUaiath]
Ma~ina mergea din

ce in ce mai repede.
Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Ei devin din ce in ce mai bogati.
> They are becoming ncher and ncher.
Dintre cei doi baieti el este mai mare.
> He is the older of the t\\ a boys.
Ei au vorbit din ce in ce mai tare.
> They were talking loudhel and loudher.
Dintre cele doua intrebari aceasta este

mai dificila.
> Th,:; is the more difficult questIOn

of the two.
Acum iata cateva adjective noi. Cititi euvintele eu voce tare

romana:
~i
retineti sernnificatia lor in limba
spare
> [spear]
- de rezerva, suplimentar, liber
left
> [ldt]
- stang, din stanga
rear
> rna']
- spate, dos, din spate
economical
> l J: kanOlTII kal]
- economie(os); eeonom
reliable
> [nla/abl]
- dernn de incredere, sigur
front
> [frant]
- partea din fataJ(de) dinainte, fata
broken
> [blaukn]
- sfiiramat, spart, strieat
Sa folosim cuvintele noi intr-un dialog. Cititi-l cu atentie:

A:
Can you see my new car?
B:
No, which one is yours?
A:
This one. It is the most reliable car in Europe.
B:
Is it also economical?
A:
Oh, yes. It doesn't use much petrol.
B:
Did they give you a spare tyre?
A:
Yes, they did. And they also gave me the front and rear lights.
B:
But look, the left indicator is broken.
A:
Oh, yes! I didn't see that.
14
Acum vom traduce fiecare propozitie In parte. Cititi-le cu atentie
~i
exersati pronuntia:
- Vezi
ma~ina
mea cea noua?
Can you see my new car?
> [kEn
No, which one is yours?
>
This one.
> [D'is "an]
It is the most reliable car

in Europe.
> [It IZ D/a maust nlaIabl ka: f

in lUafap]
Is it also economical?
> [iz It o:lsau l:kanomlkill]
- Este
Dh, yes. It doesn't

use much petrol.
> l allieS it daznt

flU mat~ petral]
- Dh, da. ~i nu consuma

multa benzina.
Did they give you

a spare tyre?
> l did D/ci giv Ill.

a spea' tala']
- Ti-au dat cauciuc

de rezerva?
Yes, they did. And they also

gave me the front and
rear lights.
> [Ies D/ei did End DZel o:lsau - Da. ~i mi-au dat
gelV ml: D'il frant End
~i farurile din fata
ria r lalts]
~i din spate.
But look, the left indicator

is broken.
> [bat luk DZa left indlkelta r

iz hriiukn J
- Dar prive~te, indicatorul din

stanga este spart.
Dh, yes! I didn't see that.
> [au It:S al didnt
- A, da. Nu am observat asta.
ILl:
si: mai
t1lU:
ka:']
l n:JLl Ult~ "an iz IO:'Z]
- Nu, care este a ta?

- Aceasta.
51.
D/Et]
Este cea mai sigura m~ina

din Europa.
~i
economicoasa?
Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

Poti sa-mi dai cauciucul tau de rezerva?
- Can you give me your > spare tyre?
Ma~inile
- Cars are becoming more and more >reliable.
devin din ce in ce mai sigure.
Toate farfuriile erau sparte.
- All the plates were >broken.
E ceva in ochiul lui stang.
- There is something in his >left eye.
Care este cea mai economicoasa ma~ina?
- Which is the most >economical car?
Cauciucul din spate din dreapta e din ce in ce

mai prost.
- The right >rear tyre is getting worse

and worse.
Farurile din fata nu functioneaza.
- The >tront lights are out of order.
Traduceti in limba engleza:

stang
> left
(de) rezerva
> spare
economicos
> cl'onornJcal
sraramat
> broken
15
din spate
> rear
demn de incredere
> relIable
partea din fata
> front
Ati vazut deja cum se folose~te verbul "to do" ca verb auxiliar la formarea propozitiilor interogative
~i negative.
In unele situafii verbul auxiliar to do se folose:;te :;i in propozifii afirmative pentru a accentua
afirmafie sau verbul principal. In aceste situafii verbul auxiliar va fi accentuat:
Do come and visit me!
- Vino ~i viziteaza-ma (insist)!
Do sit down!
- Staijos (daca iti spun)!
I can tell you that he does work.
- Pot sa-ti spun ca ellucreaza (intr-adevar).
Do listen to me!
- Asculta-ma!
In limba romana aceasta accentuare a verbului principal se reda prin cuvintele: intr-adeviir, trebuie,
neapiirat etc. De exemplu:
Neaparat vino
~i
viziteaza-ma!
Trebuie sa stai jos!

Pot sa-ti spun ca el intr-adevar lucreaza!

la masa cu noi!
> Do have dinner with us!
EI a citit aceasta carte.
> He did read this book.
Ea a invatat mult.
> She did learn a lot.
Ajuta-ma!
> Do help me!
lata cateva verbe noi:

to fill up
[tu fil ap]
- a umple, a ocupa (un post liber),

a completa (un formular)
to check
[tu tgek]
- a controla, a verifica
to repair
[tu npca r]
- a repara, a indrepta
to brake
[tu bretk]
- a frana
to accelerate
[tu aksclarett]
- a accelera
to overtake
[tu auvartctk]
- a ajunge din urma, a
overtook
> [auvartuk]
overtaken
> [auvartclkn]
Formele verbului "to overtake":

overtake
> [auvartctk]
16
depa~i
lata verbele noi In propozitii. Cititi cu voce tare:

Will you fill it up, please?
> [lIIlIU: fit it ap pli:z]
Have you checked the oil?
> [hEv iu:
They repaired the bus

in a hurry.
> [DZei ripca'd D'a bas

III a hari]
- Au reparat autobuzul
In graM.
Did you brake in time?
> [did iu: breik in t3lm]
- Ai franat la timp?
The car accelerated easily.
> [D'a ka:' akselareitld i:Zlli]
They overtook us near

Bucharest.
> [DZel auva'tuk as nia'

bukarestJ
- Ne-au
t~ekt
D'i oil]
- Imi faceti plinul, va rog?

- Ati controlat uleiul?
Ma~ina
a aceelerat eu u~urinta.
depa~it aproape
de
Bucure~ti.
Completati propozitiile In limba engleza cu forma corespunzatoare a verbelor recent Invatate:

Ma~ina
de
- His car is always >repalred

by the same mechanic.
lui este reparata Intotdeauna
acela~i mecanic.
Cine a Iacut plinul?

Ellncearca sa 0
- Who has >filled it up?
depa~easca.
- He is trying to >overtake her.
Indieatoarele au fost verificate de catre mine.
- The indicators have been >checked by me.
Accelereaza frumos.
- It >accelerates beautifully.
Ai franat vreodata pe un drum alunecos?
- Have you ever >braked on a slippery road?
Traduceti In limba engleza urmatoare1e verbe:

a depa~i
> to overtake
a verifica
> to check
a acce1era
> to accelerate
a repara
> to repair
a ump1e
> to fill up
a frana
> to brake
Sa ne intoarcem din nou 1a folosirea verbului "to do":
Verbul to do se folose~te ~i in urmiitoarele cazuri:

L
Pentru a evita repetarea verbului principal alpropozifiei, cu excep!ia verbelor to be, to have
a verbelor auxiliare modale.
~i
She works as hard as

you do.
>
[~l:
Ill:
Ua:'ks Ez ha:'d Ez
du:]
17
Munce~te
ca
~i
tine.
la fe1 de mu1t
2.
He writes as beautifully
as his father did.
> [h I. ralts Ez blU. tJ tali

Ez hlz fa DZa f did}
- Scrie la fel de frumos

ca ~i tatallui.
Who knows this man?

I do.
> [hu: nauz DZls mEn
- Cine-l cunoa~te pe acest om?

Eu (il cunosc).
aI
du:}
Cu ajutorullui. ne putem referi la verbul menfionat anterior:

I asked him to repair
the car and he did so.
> [al askt him tu ripea f

DZa ka: f End hi: did sau]
We told them to leave

quietly and they did so.
> [Ui: tauld D'em tu li:v

- Le-am spus sa pIece in
kUaiatli End DLei dId sau]
~i a~a au facut.
She told him to wait

but he didn't.
>
[~l:
tauld hun tu Uelt

bat he didnt}
- L-am rugat sa repare ma~ina

~i el a facut-o (a reparat-o).
lini~te
- Ea i-a spus sa a~tepte

dar el nu a a~teptat.
Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Am cumparat la fel de putin ca
El
vorbe~te
la fel de repede ca
EI ne-a rugat sa spunem totul

L-am rugat sa vina devreme
el.
> 1 bought as little as he did.
tine.
> He talks as fast as you do.
~i
~i
~i a~a
~i a~a
> He asked us to say everything and we did so.
am facut.
> I asked hun to come early and he did so.
a facut.
Ultimul exercitiu allectiei sintetizeaza intregul material invatat. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:
Aceasta inventie este interesanta.
> ThiS inventIOn is exciting.
Aceasta sarcina este (una) dificila.
> ThiS task IS a difficult one.
Filmul a fost foarte dezamagitor pentru mine.
> The film was very disappomting for me.
Am vizitat multe tari straine, dar Danemarca

a fost cea mai frumoasa.
> I VISited many foreIgn countries, but Denmark

was the most beautiful one.
Slujba mea devine din ce in ce mai obositoare.
> My Job IS gettmg more and more tiring.
EI a vazut multe tilme, dar i-au placut

numai cele engleze~ti.
> lie sa~ lllany films but he only liked

the English ones.
L-am rugat sa vina cu mine la teatru

~i a venit.
> I asked hun to go to the theatre With me

and he did so.
EI se mi~ca mai incet deciit tine.
> He mo\ es more quietly than you do.
Aceasta situatie este (una) ingrijoratoare.
> ThIS situatIOn IS an alarming one.
Lupta lui a fast (una) inutila.
>
18
H1S
struggle
~as
a useless one.
Motoarele devin din ce in ce mai

economicoase.
Ea depa~e~te tot atat de multe
ma~ini
> The engines are getting more and more

economical.
ca ~i tine.
> She overtakes as many cars as you do.
Acest mecanic este (unul) de incredere.
> This mechaJ1lc
Care dintre cauciucurile din fata este mai vechi?
> Which is the older of the front lyres?
L-am rugat sa a~tepte ma~ina de depanare auto

~i a~a a mcut.
> J asked him to walt for the breakdown van

and he (IJd so.
Ai schimbat cauciucurile din fata, dar care

e situatia cu cele din spate?
> You have changed the front tyres, but what
IS
a J eltable one.
about the rear ones"
Urmeaza exercitiul de pronuntie. Literele ingro~ate din cuvintele de pe 0 coloana desemneaza sunete
identice:
[al]
[en]
[Cl]
[a:]
hide
where
play
alarm
spy
repair
brake
remarkable
tyre
there
day
task
try
pair
say
ask
"-
19
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
21
,
21.1. Participiul
Daca la fonna de infinitiv scurt (Tara "to") a verbului adaugam tenninatia ,,-ing", obtinem
participiul, care poate functiona ca adjectiv:
This job is exhausting.
- Aceasta munca este epuizanta.
The difference is striking.
- Diferenta este frapanta.
21.2. Propozitia circumstantiala de timp are 0 structura identica cu cea a propozitiei conditionale de
tipul I.
Ea poate fi introdusa de unnatoarele conjunqii:
when
- cand
as soon as
- de indata ce
after
- dupa, dupa aceea, dupa ce, ulterior
before
- inainte, dinaintea, altadata
Verbul din propozitia introdusa de conjunqiile mentionate se afla la timpul prezent simplu
(Simple Present):
He will buy the car as soon as
he gets the money.
- El va cumpara ma~ina de indata

, ce obtine banii.
1 will have dinner before I go to him.
- Voi cina inainte sa merg la el.
21.3. One
In cazul unor comparatii sau repetitii, substantiveIe pot fi inlocuite in propozitie de pronumele
nehotarat "one". Utilizarea lui este obligatorie alaturi de adjective ~i in multe cazuri adjectivul
este precedat de articolul hotarat:
ro~ii ~i
I have two red chairs and a white one.
- Am doua scaune
They have two cars. He wants the

blue one.
- Ei au doua ma~mi. El
albastra.
Pronumele nehotarat one poate sa apara
~i
unul alb.
vrea pe cea
la plural:
Have you ever seen cheaper ones?
- Ai vazut vreodata unele mai ieftine?
I like these black ones.
- Imi plac acestea negre.
21.4. Comparatia adjectivelor ~i adverbelor:

21.4.1.
In cazul comparatiei referitoare la accea~i trasatura a doua substantive, superioritatea

se exprima prin gradul comparativ precedat de articolul hotarat "the":
- Dintre cele doua ma~ini aceasta
este mai ieftina.
This is the cheaper of the

two cars.
20
21.4.2.
Cre~terea sau descre~terea progresiva se exprima prin repetarea formei de

comparativ a adjectivului sau adverbului, cele doua forme fiind legate prin
conjunqia "and":
Ma~ina
The car moved faster and

faster.
Petrol is becoming more and

more expensive.
- Benzina e din ce In ce
mai scumpa.
They talked less and less quietly.
- Eu au vorbit din ce In ce mai aprins.
mergea din ce In ce
mai repede.
21.5. Verbul auxiliar to do

21.5.1.
Verbul auxiliar "to do" se folosqte In propozitii afirmative pentru a accentua, a

sublinia 0 afirmatie sau pentru accentuarea verbului principal al propozitiei. Verbul
auxiliar va fi accentuat In pronuntie:
Do come and visit me!
21.5.2.
- Vino
~i
viziteaza-ma neaparat!
Verbul "to do" se folose~te pentru Inlocuirea verhului principal deja cunoscut, cu
exceptia verbelor "to be, to have" ~i a verbelor auxiliare modale:
She works as
~ard
as you do.
Munce~te
la fel de mult ca ~i tine.
21.5.3. Cu ajutorul verbului "to do" ne putem referi la verhul folosit anterior In propozitie:
I asked him to repair the car
and he did so.
- L-am rugat sa repare

~i el a Iacut-o.
ma~ina
Urmarind exemplul de mai sus putem ohserva ca folosirea verhului "to do" poate
aduce ~i informatii suplimentare.
21
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 21

A.
B,..
C.
Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba romiina:

1.
Which is the more exciting of these two films?
2.
The fast ones are very expensive.
3.
You will move as soon as your room is ready.
4.
Do invite her for dinner!
5.
We smoke as little as they do.
6.
It is getting more and more cloudy.
Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:

~i
1.
L-am rugat sa aleaga
2.
Dati-mi, va rog, pe cea economicoasa.
3.
El
4.
Este sigura aceasta roata de rezerva?
5.
Dupa ce termini de citit, vei repara biblioteca.
6.
Ma viziteaza din ce in ce mai des.
Corectati
cii~tiga
el a Iacut-o.
mai putin deciit ea.
gre~elile
din fiecare propozitie:
.~~2%
1.
This is a useles task.
2.
I drink less than he do.
3.
The red one are sweeter.
4.
After she will finish school she will be a teacher.
4%
1% . J
5.
Is the engine accelerating good?
2%
8%
22
,..
LECTIA
22
,
,..
PARTEA INTAI
Sa lnvatam ciiteva cuvinte din domeniul bancar:
I~
2%
J%
8 %
9.7:A il
'~_1_,6_0/0
J\.
4~ <A.
1~ ~
0'0
10
,0
3,9 %
2/5
account
> [akauntJ
cheque
>
instalment
> [insto:lmant]
- rata, plata in rate
loan
> [Htlm]
- imprumut
rate of interest
> [reit av intrist]
- rata dobiinzii, dobiinda
coin
> [koinj
- moneda
form
> [fo:rm]
- formular
information
>
balance
> [bEUms]
- balanla, bilanl, echilibru,

sold
withdrawal
> [UiDzdro:al]
- retragere, ridicare de bani
deposit
> [dipozit]
- depozit, depunere
(la banca)
Repetati cuvintele noi
~i
withdrawal
> [ lI iD zdro:al]
coin
> [koin]
-moneda
loan
> [laun]
- imprumut
[t~ek]
[infamei~n]
- cont, factura, nota

de plata
- cec
- informatii
intr-o alta ordine:
10,7%
9 %
2,~
account
> [akaunt]
7,6_%
5,9%
2/4
2,1
- cont, factura, nota

de plata
deposit
> l dipozit]
- depozit, depunere
(la banca)
instalment
> [insto:lmant]
- rata, plata In rate
rate of interest
>
rreit av intrist]
- rata dobiinzii, doMnda
information
>
[infamei~n]
- informatii
cheque
>
[t~ek]
- cec
form
> [fo:rm]
- formular
balance
> lbElans]
- balanla, bilant, echilibru,

sold
23
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii. Fiti atenti la pronuntie:

I have an account in a
reliable bank.
> [al hEy an akaunt In a

nlalabl bEnk]
- Am un cont la 0 banca
de incredere.
Do you want money

or a cheque?
> [du
- Vreti bani sau un cec?
You can pay in instalments.
> [1U: kEn pel in Insto:lmants] - Poti plati in rate.
Can I get a loan here?
> [kEn ai get a loun hla']
- Pot obtine aici un imprumut?
The rate of interest is high.
> [DZa relt ov intnst iz hat]
- Rata dobfmzii este ridicata.
Do you take coins?
> [du 1U: telk kotnz]
- Acceptati bani marunti (monede)?
You need these forms.
> [iu: m:d DZI.Z fo:'mz]
- Ai nevoie de aceste formulare.
ThiE. is useful information.
> [DZIs iz lU:sfal
Is my balance high enough?
> [IZ mal bElans hai ina]
- Este suficient de mare

soldul meu?
He made a withdrawal.
> [hI: meld a uIDzdro:al]
- EI a ridicat bani.
She makes weekly deposits.
>
IU:
Uont mani
0:' a t~ek]
[~I:
mfamei~n]
melks ui:kh dipozits]
- Sunt informatii utile.
- Ea face depuneri saptamanal.
Completati propozitiile cu cuvintele care lipsesc. Cititi textul cu voce tare:

Rata dobanzii
- The> rate of interest is rising.
cre~te.
Pentru ce este acest formular?
- What is this> form for?
Azi voi ridica bani.
- I will make a> withdrawal today.
24
De cat timp ai un cont?
- How long have you had an >account?
I-am dat un cec.
- I gave him a >cheque.
Aceasta este prima mea depunere.
- This is my first >deposlt.
Unde este bilantul?
- Where is the >balance?
Avem nevoie de mai multe informatii.
- We need more >information.
Avem nevoie de acest imprumut.
- We need this >loan.
Aceasta este ultima rata.
- This is the last >instalment.
El vrea sa schimbe aceste monede.
- He wants to change these >coins.
Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza:

rata
> instalment
moneda
> coin
sold
> balance
retragere
> withdrawal
formular
> form
depunere
> deposit
rata dobanzii
> rate of interest
cont
> account
cec
> cheque
informatie
> information
imprumut
> loan
in limba englezii existii mai multe substantive care nu au plural; ele sunt urmate de un verb la
persoana a IIl-a singular. in limba romiinii unele se traduc la singular, altele la plural.
Urmariti substantivele de mai jos ~i retineti intelesullor:
business
> [bizllls]
- afacere, treaba
furniture
> [Ia:rnit~ar]
- mobilier, mobila
progress
> [praugres]
-progres
strength
> [stren(g)TS]
- putere, forta, tarie
revenue
> [revamu:]
- venit, in special din impozit
merchandise
> [ma:rt~andaiz]
-marfa
property
> [proparti]
- proprietate, avere
information
> [infamel~n]
- informatii
money
> [mam]
-bani
news
> [nlU.z]
lata ~i alte substantive:
25
~tire, noutate,
noutati, ve~ti
veste/~tiri,
lata aceste substantive in propozitii:

Business is good this year.
> [biznIS IZ gud O'lS ila']
- Afacerile merg bine anul acesta.

- Mobila a fost ieftina.
The furniture was cheap.

Little progress was made.
> [liti praugres uoz meld]
Her strength was exhausted.
> [ha:' stren(glp u oz Igzo:stic] - (Ea) era la capatul puterilor.
The revenue is high enough.
> [DZa revanlU:
This merchandise is ready.
> [DZIs
They lost all their property.
> [DZei lost
1Z
hal
ma.'t~andalz
maf]
IZ redl]
1 D/ei T propaTti]
- S-a progresat putin.
- Impozitul este destul de ridicat.

- Aceasta marta este gata.
-
~i-au
pierdut toata averea.
Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc. Cititi propozitiile cu voce tare
atenti la pronuntie:
~i
fiti
Aceasta mobila este noua?
- Is this >furniture new?
Impozitul a crescut.
- The >rcvenue has risen.
EI are avere mare?
- Has he much >property?
Este destul de puternic pentru aceasta munca?
- Has he enough >strength for this work?
Facem 0 multime de afaceri cu ei.
- We do a lot of>busmess with them.
S-au tacut multe progrese?
- Has there been much >progress?
Au cumparat marfa la pret redus.
- They bought the >merchandlse at discount.
lata acum ciiteva verbe noi. Urmariti semnificatia lor in limba romiina:
kE~]
to cash
> [tu
to lend
> [tLl lend]
- a imprumuta, a da cu imprurnut
to borrow
> [tu borauJ
- a imprumuta, a lua cu imprumut
to fill in
>[tu film]
- a completa (un formular,

chestionar... )
to withdraw
> [tll UiD! dlO ]
- a retrage, a lua inapoi, a scoate,

a ridica bani
to deposit
> [tll dlpOZIt]
- a depune
to learn
>[tula'n]
- a Invata, a afla
to call (to)
> [tu ko 1]
- a chema, a striga, a denumi,

a boteza
- a ridica 0 suma, a plati in numerar
26
Unele dintre aceste verbe sunt neregulate. lata fonnele lor:

forma a II-a
fonna I
fonna a III-a
lend
> [ lend]
lent
> [lent]
lent
> [ lent]
withdraw
> [\liD'dro:]
withdrew
> [\liDzdru.]
withdrawn
> [\lIDzdro:n]
learn
> [la:'n]
learnt
> [la.lnt]
learnt
> [la:'nt]
Sa folosim verbele invatate in propozitii:
[~i. kE~t
DZa
t~ek
She cashed the cheque.
>
He has lent us the money.
> [hI: hEz lent as IYa marJlj
- El ne-a imprumutat banii.
We borrowed less last year.
> [\II: boraud les la:st Ila']
- Noi am imprumutat mai putin

anul trecut.
Have you filled in the fonn?
> [hEy w: fild in {)fa fa.'m]
- Ai completat fonnularul?
What did you learn yesterday? > ["at dId III la:'11 Icsta'dcI]
- Ea a incasat cecul.
- Ce-ai invatat ieri?
They withdrew all their

money.
> [DZel u1Dzdru: 0:1 Dzei'

mani]
How much have you

deposited?
> [hall mats h[ v lU:

dipoZllld]
- Cat ai depus?
We called the cat Blinky.
> [Ui: ko. ld D/a kEt blin(g)ki]
- Am botezat-o Blinky pe pisica.
~i-au
retras toti banii.
Completati propozitiile in limba engleza:

Vrei sa depui multi bani?
- Do you want to > deposltmuch?
Inca nu l-ai completat.
- You haven't> filledit in yet.
Noi am imprumutat multi bani de la el.
- We have> borroweda lot of money from him.
Ai invatat cum se repara asta?
- Have you> karnlhow to repair it?
Ce ti-a strigat?
- What did she> callto you?
Completati, va rag, acest fonnular pentru

ridicarea banilor.
- Fill in this fonn to > wlthdrawmoney, please.
Ai incasat deja acest cec?
- Have you> cashed this cheque already?
Cu cat te-a imprumutat?
- How much did he > lend you?
27
Traduceti unnatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

a retrage, a ridica bani
> to wIthdraw
a chema
> to call
a incasa, a schimba in bani (un cec)
> to cash
a completa (un formular)
> to fill In
a invata
>-to learn
a depune
> to depOSIt
ada imprumut (cuiva)
> to lend
a lua imprumut (de la)
> to borrow
Acum sa ne intoarcem la problema verbelor terminate in ,,-ing".

Aceastti 0 formti a verbului desemneazti substantivul format din verb. in propozi{ii ea are roluri
specijice substantivului dar i~i ptistreazti ~i caracterul verbal, datorittifaptului cti cere prepozi{iile $i
cazurile specijiceformei de bazti a .verbului. in limba englezti aceasttiformti a verbului cu termina(ia
,,-ing" se nume~te gerund [dJerand].
Inainte de a analiza caracteristicile acestei forme verbale, iata cateva exemple. Cu ajutorullor putem
observa ca aceasta forma a verbului se traduce in limba romana printr-un substantiv sau un verb la
infinitiv.
Smoking is bad for you.
- Fumatul este daunator (pentru

dumneavoastra).
Is flying dangerous?
- Zborul este periculos?
Before leaving he wrote a short letter.
- Inaintea de a pleca el a scris 0 scrisoare scurtii.
You can learn something by doing it.
- Poti sa inveti ceva fiicind (asta).
Ca orice substantiv gerunziul poate sti aparti in propozi(ie ca:

1.
2.
Subiect:
Walking in the woods is nice.
- Plimbarea in padure este placuta.
Eating too much is not good for you.
- A minca prea mult nu-ti face bine.
Dupti prepozi(ii:
They talked about going to the cinema.
- Au vorbit despre faptul ca merg la cinema.
What do you think about buying a dog?
- Ce parere ai despre cumpirarea unui caine?
Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:

A te uita la TV poate fi obositor.
> WatchIng TV can be tIrIng.
Nu-mi place sa ~terg pe jos.
> I don't Itke dusting the floors.
Solicitarea unui loc de munca este epuizanta.
> ApplyIng for a Job IS exhaustmg.
Ne giindim sa concediem zece angajati.
> We are thmkmg about firIng ten employees.
28
Sa invatam ciiteva cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare
~i
retineti sensullor in limba romana:
prepared
> [pripeard]
- pregatit, gata (de, sa)
safe
> [seif]
- sigur, lipsit de pericol,

in siguranta
present
> [prezant]
- prezent, actual
sure
>
- sigur, convins
previous
> [pri:vJas]
- anterior, prealabil, precedent
risky
> [riski]
- riscant, periculos
[~uar]
Sa introducem cuvintele noi in propozitii:

We are prepared to pay
in cash.
> [Ui' a: r pripeard tu pei

in kE~]
- Suntem gata sa platim

in numerar.
Is it safe to deposit money

with that bank?
> liz It selftu dlpozit mani

UiD' DzEt bEnk]
- Este sigur sa depui bani

la banca aceea?
What is the present rate

of interest?
> ["ot iz D'a prezant reit

ov intrist]
- Care este rata actuala

a dobiinzii?
Are you sure that your

balance is high enough?
> [a: r IU: ~uaf D'Et io: f

bElans iz hai inaf]
When was your previous

withdrawal?
> [Uen Uoz io: f pri:vias

uiDzdro:al]
- Ciind ai ridicat bani

ultima oara?
Lending them money

is risky.
> [Iendin<g) D'em mani

iz riski]
- Este riscant sa Ie dai bani

cu imprumut.
E~ti sigur ca soldul tau este

indeajuns de ridicat?
Completati propozitiile in limba engleza:

E~ti
- Are you> sure you have an account here?
sigur ca ai un cont aici?
Ultima mea depunere a fost mica.
- My >previous deposit was small.
E~ti
- Are you > prepared to pay cash?
pregatit sa pHite~ti in numerar?
Acest imprumut este foarte riscant.
- This loan is very >risky.
Cecurile sunt mai sigure deciit bancnotele.
- Cheques are >safer than bills.
Soldul actual este foarte scazut.
- The >present balance is very low.
29
Traduceli cuvintele in limba engleza:

sigur
> sure
pregatit, gata (de)
> prepared
riscant
> nsky
prezent
> present
sigur, in siguranla
> safe
precedent
> previous
Sa ne intoarcem la pluralul substantivelor.

Daca substantivul este precedat de un numeral, altul dedit unu, atunci substantivul este la plural:
We waited for one and a half hours.
- Am a~teptat 0 ora
~i
They have lived here for three years.
- Loeuiesc aici de trei ani.
He is ten years old.
- EI are zece ani.
jumatate.
Daca substantivul are semnificafie de plural atunci trebuie safie la plural:

In that accident they lost their lives.
- In acel accident ~i-au pierdut viata.
We all drove our own cars.
- Fiecare
We all bought our own tickets.
- Noi toti ne-am cumparat biletele proprii.
~i-a
condus
ma~ina.
Forma de gerunziu sefolose!jte in urmatoarele cazuri:
1.
2.
Dupii anumite verbe:

They stopped working after a few hours.
- Ei au incetat lucml dupa cateva ore.
Do you like swimming?
- Ili place sa inoli? (Ili place inotul?)
Cu urmiitoarele expresii:
it is no use
- nefolositor, rara rost, nu are rost
it is worth
- (care) merita
It is no use talking to him.
- Nu are rost sa vorbim eu el.
The book is worth reading.
- Cartea merita sa fie citita.
Traduceli urmatoarele propozilii in limba engleza:

Lor Ie place sa bea cafea?
])0
Aceasta ma~ina merita sa fie cumparata.
This car
Nu are rost sa iei asta acum.
It's no use takmg It now.
EI tocmai s-a oprit din scris.
He has just stopped wrIting.

30
they lIke drinkll1g coffee?

IS
worth buying.
In incheire sa recapitulam toate problemele gramaticale discutate. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii

in limba engleza:
Dupa completarea formularelor am primit banii.
> After filling m the forms we got the money.
Aceste inforrnatii sunt demne de incredere.
> This informatIOn is relJable.
II vei suna pe fratele meu?
> Will you call my brother?
Poti plati ma~ina in rate.
> You can pay the car in instalments.
Imi place sa fac afaceri cu el.
> I lIke to do business with him.
Noi toti am folosit bicicletele proprii.
> We all used our own bicycles.
E~ti sigur ca este riscant sa Ie

imprumutam bani?
> Are you sure that lending them
Este u~or sa faci
> Making a: deposit is easy.
~tii
money is risky?
depunere.
> Do you know the present rate of mterest?
care este rata actuala a dobanzii?
Poti face asta vanzand proprietatea tao
> You can do it by selling your property.
Nu-mi place sa iau cu imprumut.
> I don't like borrowing.
Cati oameni
~i-au
> How many people lost then lives'!
pierdut viata?
Am avut un cont aici timp de zece ani.
> I have had an account here for ten years.
EI a incasat cecul in urrna cu

o luna ~i jumatate.
> He cashed the cheque one

and a half months ago.
lar acum urmeaza exercitiul de pronuntie. Cuvintele de pe acee~i coloana au un sunet identic, desemnat
de literele scrise ingro~at. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare:
[ E]
[e]
cash
lend
trouble
disease
bank
cheque
struggle
previous
balance
left
cut
scene
stamp
twelve
but
seen
lamp
engine
sun
been
[a]
[i: ]
31
LECTIA
22 - PARTEA A nOVA
,
Cititi cu atentie urmatorul dialog. Silabele
speciale:
~i
cuvintele accentuate sunt evidentiate prin caractere
Barbara: John, do you often have to go to the bank?

John:
I think so. Why do you ask that?
Barbara: Because sometimes there are many people there.

John:
Yes, many people want to make a withdrawal or a deposit.
Barbara: And you must fill in forms before you can do something.
John:
People try to write very fast because they have little time.
Barbara: The bank always want information, but that takes time, too.
John:
But when you do the necessary things you leave the bank in a hurry.
Mary:
Peter, don't you think that we still have time for shopping?
Peter:
I don't know. The streets are still full of traffic and you cannot drive very fast.
Mary:
And something is wrong with the car. It didn't accelerate well when I was driving home.
Peter:
And you don't know what the trouble is, so you have to ask a mechanic to check
everything.
Mary:
If the trouble is serious I have to call a breakdown van.
Mary:
Peter, the mechanic just called and said that he had to put a new engine in our car, but is
that true?
Peter:
I don't know. You know that some people are not reliable. They only want your money.
Mary:
But we don't have enough money right now to pay for a new engine.
Peter:
Then we have to borrow money, at a high rate of interest.
Mary:
This shows how one bad thing can cause another.
Peter:
Well, it is better not to worry too much.
Urmeaza un exercitiu de traducere In care vom recapitula materialu1 1ectii10r 21

propozitiile In limba engleza:
~i
22. Traduceti
Seara trecuta noi am vazut 0 piesa emotionanta.
> We saw a movll1g play last mght.
Ultima scena a fost una remarcabi1a.
> The last scene was a very remarkable one.
Cateva inventii sunt nefo10sitoare.
> Some inventIOns are useless.
Nu toate filmele sunt interesante.
> Not all rtlms are exciting.
Dar mie imi plac cele bune.
> But 1 like the good ones.
Tu te uiti la mai mu1te filme decat mine.
>
32
YOLI \\
a1ch mOle films than I cia.
L-am rugat pe mecanic sa verifice motorul

~i el a lacut-o.
> l asked the mechal1lc to check the engine
A~
> I could overtake hIm easily.
putea sa-l
Ma~inile
and he did so.
depa~esc u~or.
straine devin din ce 'in ce mai ieftine.
> Foreign cars are gettmg cheaper and cheaper.
Dintre cei doi baieti, el 'il 'intreaba pe cel

mai mare unde este banca.
> He IS asking the 01 der of the two boys

'" here the bank is.
EI nu ne-a putut da
informatiile necesare.
> He could not give us

the necessary mformation.
Ei au lacut plinul 'in graba.
> They filled up the car m a hurry.
Este un motor foarte economic.
> It is a very economIcal engme.
E~ti
> Are you sure the battery is out of order?
sigur ca acumulatorul nu functioneaza?
Este mai sigur sa nu accelerezi prea mult.
> It is safer not to accelerate too fast.
Am vazut un politist prin geamul din spate.
> I sa\, a policeman through the rear window.
Inainte sa repare frana, el a verificat

indicatoarele.
> Before repainng the brake, he checked
Nu este greu sa schimbi un cauciuc.
> Changmg a tyre is not dit1icult.
EI a ales
0 ma~ina
the indicators.
> He has chosen a foreign car.
straina.
Noi Ie-am 'imprumutat ni~te ulei.
> \Ve have lent them some OIl.
E~ti
> Are you prcpared to help a spy?
gata sa ajuti un spion?
Situatia este 'inca alarmanta?
> Is the situatIon stIlI alarming?
Poti face asta 'inainte de a incasa cecul?
> Can you do this before cashing the cheque?
Camioanele trebuie sa aiba frane foarte bune.
> Lorries must have very good brakes.
Ei pot face asta lara toate

gesturile acestea.
> Thcy can do It without making

all these gcstures.
Vezi diferenta?
> Can you see what the difference is?
Nu are rost sa te ascunzi.
> It's no use hiding.
Merita sa cumparam un acumulator nou?
> It is worth buying a new battery?
A devenit din ce 'in ce mai riscant.
> It was getting riskier and riskier.
Am rugat-o sa ridice bani

Am vrut sa cumparam 0
pe cea economica.
~i
> I asked her to withdraw money and she did so.
ea a Iacut-o.
ma~ina ~i
> We wanted to buy a car and we chose

the economical onc.
am ales-o
> The cheaper of the two is the more

reliable one.
Dintre cele doua, cea ieftina este

cea mai sigura.
33
Controleaza neaparat
~i
> Do check the OIl!
uleiul!
Aceasta este ultima rata, dar cand au fost

cele anterioare?
> This IS the last Instalment, but when were
Este important sa avem 0 roata de rezerva.
> It IS Important to have a spare tyre.
Trebuie sa alegem i'ntre a scoate bani

~i a-i i'mprumuta.
> We must choose between withdraWIng money

and borrowlllg it.
Iti poti vinde proprietatea.
> Yau can sell your property.
Ea s-a lasat de fumat saptamana trecuta.
> She gave up smoking last week.
Patru oameni
~i-au
the prevIOus ones')
> Four people lost their lIves.
pierdut viata.
"Changing a tyre is not difficult."
34
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
22
,
22.1. in limba engleza exista mai multe substantive care nu au forma de plural ~i alaturi de care
verbul se folose~te la persoana a Ill-a singular. in limba romana unele sunt traduse prin forme
de singular, altele prin forme de plural:
business
- afacere, treaba, treburi
furniture
- mobilier, mobila
22.2. Gerunziul (substantive formate din verbe cu terminatia ,,-ing")

22.2.1.
Ca orice substantiv la fel
~i
gerunziul apare in propozitie ca :
I. Subiect al propozitiei:
- Plimbarea in padure este placuta.
Walking in the woods is nice.

2. Dupa prepozitii:
- Au vorbit despre plecarea la
They talked about going to

Bucharest.
22.2.2.
Forma de gerunziu
Bucure~ti.
folosim:
I. Dupa anumite verbe:

They stopped working after a
few hours.
- Au incetat sa lucreze dupa

cateva ore.
2. Cu urmatoarele expresii:
it is no use
- nu are rost
it is worth
- merita sa (00')
It is no use talking to him.
- Nu are rost sa vorbim cu el.
The book is worth reading.
- Cartea merita citita.
22.3. Daca substantivul este precedat de un numeral "mai mare decat unu", atunci substantivul
apare la plural:
a~teptat 0
ora ~i jumatate.
We waited for one and a half hours.
- Am
They have lived here for three years.
- Locuiesc aici de trei ani.
He is ten years old.
- EI are zece ani.
Daca substantivul are semnificatie de plural atunci trebuie sa primeasca ~i forma de plural:
In that accident they lost their lives.
35
~i-au
pierdut viata in acel accident.
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 22

A.
B.
c.
Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:

I.
My previous job was filling in forms.
2.
It's no use withdrawing all that money.
3.
When did you make your last withdrawal?
4.
I think borrowing money is risky.
5.
Are you sure there is enough revenue?
6.
It is better to ask for information before depositing money.

I.
Noi toti ne-am completat formularele.
2.
Rata dobiinzii
3.
E~ti
4.
In aceasta situatie poti sa dai bani cu imprumut.
5.
Ei au retras multi bani din acest cont.
6.
Imi place sa-mi verific des bilantul.
cre~te
rapid.
gata sa-mi schimbi acest cec in bani?
Corectati gre~elile din urmatoarele propozitii:

1.
I want more informations.
2.
Why have you lended them those books?
3.
Is there many progress?
4.
It is safer without to borrow.
5.
Who withdrawed it?
36
Lista verbelor neregulate din lecpile 21

forma I
forma a II-a
chose
>
> [hald]
hid
learn
> [Ia.ln]
lend
~i
22
forma a III-a
[t~auz]
[t~auzn]
chosen
>
> [hid]
hidden
> [hidn]
learnt
> [la:fnt]
learnt
> [la:fnt]
> [lend]
lent
> [lent]
lent
> [lent]
strike
> [stralk]
struck
> [strak]
struck
> [strak]
withdraw
> [U1Dzdro:]
withdrew > [UiDzdru']
withdrawn
> [UiDzdro:n]
choose
>
hide
[t~u:z]
37
VOCABITLARUL LECTIILOR
21 SI
,
, 22
to accelerate
> [tu akselarelt]
- a accelera
account
> [akaunt]
- cont
to alarm
> [tu ala.'m]
- a alarrna
as soon as
> [Ez su:n Ez]
- de indata ce
balance
> [bElans]
- balanta, bilant, echilibru, sold
battery
> [bEtan]
- baterie, acumulator
to borrow
> [tu borau]
- a imprumuta, a lua imprumut
brake
> [brelk]
- frana
to brake
> [tu brelk]
- a frana
breakdown van
> [brelkdaun yEn]
broken
> [braukn]
- sfiiramat, spart, stricat
business
> [biznis]
- afacere, treaba
to call (to)
> [tuko:l]
- a chema, a striga, a denumi,

a boteza
to cash
> [tu
catching
>
to check
> [tu
cheque
>
to choose
> [tu
coin
> [korn]
- moneda, bani
deposit
> [dlpozit]
- depozit, depunere, bani

la banca
to deposit
> [tu dlpOZlt]
- a depune, a depozita
difference
> [difrans]
to disappoint
> [tu dlsapornt]
- a dezamagi, a deceptiona
disease
> [dlzi:z]
- boala, maladie
economical
> [J:kanomikal]
- econom, economicos
engine
> [endJln]
- motor
to excite
> [tu Iksalt]
- a provoca, a emotiona
exciting
> [lksaltll1(g)]
- interesant, captivant
to exhaust
> [tu Igzo st]
- a epuiza, a istovi
exhausting
> r Igzo.stm(g)]
- epuizant, istovitor
to fill in
> [tu fil m]
- a completa (un formular,

chestionar etc.)
to fill up
> [tu fil ap]
- a umple, a ocupa (un post liber),

a pune (benzina in rezervor)
film
> [film]
- film
kE~]
ma~ina
de depanare auto
- a incasa, a schimba un cec in bani,

a plati in numerar
[kEt~lll(g)]
- molipsitor, contagios
t~ek]
- a controla, a verifica
[t~ek]
- cec (bancar)
t~u:z]
- a alege, a selecta
38
pu~i
foreign
> [forin]
- strain, din alta tara
form
> [fo:fm]
- formular
front
> [ frant]
- partea din fata, front, fata
furniture
> [ fii:fnit~af]
- mobilier, mobila
gerund
> [djerand]
- gerunziu (substantiv format

din verb)
gesture
> [ dJest~afJ
- gest
to hide
> [tu hald]
- a ascunde, a acoperi
indicator
> [indikelta f]
- indicator (de directie, etc), aparat

de masura/control
information
>
instalment
> [ insto:lmant]
invention
>
to invite
> [tu invalt]
- a invita
inviting
> [ invaitin(g)]
- imbietor, ispititor, ademenitor,

tentant
it's no use
> [its nau iu:z]
- n-are rost
to learn
> [tu la:fn]
- a invata, a afla
left
> [left]
- stang, din stanga
to lend
> [tu lend]
- a imprumuta, a da cu imprumut
litre (USA liter)
> [ li:ta r ]
- litru
loan
> [ laun]
-imprumut
lorry
> [Ion]
- camion
mechanic
> [mikEnik]
- mecanic
merchandise
>
to move
> [tu mu:v]
- a se mi~ca, a se muta, a se deplasa,

a emotiona
movmg
> [mu:vin(g)]
- emotionant
oil
> [011]
- ulei
to overtake
> [tu ouvafteik]
- a ajunge din urma, a
person
> [pa:fsn]
- individ, persoana
petrol
> [ petral]
play
> [plei]
- joc, piesa
prepared
> [pripeafd]
- pregatit, gata (de, sa)
present
> [prezant]
- prezent, actual
prevIous
> [pri:vias]
- anterior, prealabil, precedent
progress
> [praugres]
- progres, evolutie
property
> [propafti]
- proprietate, avere
rate of interest
> [relt ov intnst]
- rata dobanzii, dobanda
[inIamei~n ]
- informatii
- rata, plata in rate
[inven~n]
[ma:ft~andaiz ]
39
- marIa
depa~i
rear
> [ria r]
- (in/din) spate, dos, urma
reliable
> [nlaiabl]
- demn de Incredere, sigur
remarkable
> [nma:rkabl]
- remarcabil, deosebit
to repair
> [tu npear]
- a repara, a Indrepta
revenue
> [revaniu:]
- venit (anual), ca~tig(uri), beneficii
risky
> [riski]
- riscant, primejdios, periculos
safe
> [ self]
- sigur, lipsit de pericol, In siguranta
scene
> [si:n]
- scena, decor, peisaj
situation
>
- situatie, stare
spare
> [spear]
- de rezerva, suplimentar, liber
spy
> [sPai]
- splOn
strength
> [stren(g)TS]
- putere, forta, tarie
to strike
> [tu straik]
- a lovi, a izbi, a frapa, a
striking
> [stralkin(g)]
- izbitor, frapant
struggle
> [stragl]
- lupta, ciocnire, Intrecere
sure
>
- slgur
to surprise
> [tu sapralz]
- a surprinde, a uimi,
a lua prin surprindere
surprising
> [sapralzin(gl]
- surprinzator,
task
> [ta:sk]
- sarcina, Indatorire
to tire
> [tu taia r]
- a obosi
tiring
> [taiarm(gl]
- obositor, plictisitor
trouble
> [trabl]
- necaz, suparare, griji
tyre
> [tad]
- pneu, anvelopa, cauciuc
useless
> [1U:slis]
- inutil, nefolositor, zadamic
to withdraw
> [tu uiDzdro:]
- a retrage, a lua Inapoi, a scoate,

a ridica bani
withdrawal
> [U1Dzdro:al]
worth
> [Ua:TT']
- care merita
[sitlUei~n ]
[~uar]
40
..
~oca
nea~teptat
.....

Engleza Pentru Incepatori - Lectia 21-22

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Engleza Pentru Incepatori - Lectia 21-22

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RECAPITULARE

Utilizarea verbului auxiliar "to do" in propozitii interogative ~i negative:

Diateza pasiva - the Passive Voice

Fraza conditionala tipul I

- Hotul a fost prins (de politi~ti).

Scrierea ~i citirea datelor

Ca de obicei, incepem ~i aceasta lectie cu cateva cuvinte noi.

Repetati din nou cuvintele, dar intr-o alta ordine:

Sa folosim cuvintele noi in propozitii:

We are in a difficult situation.

> ["1. a-' In a difikalt

It was a beautiful scene.

> [It "oz a blU.tlral si:n]

Have you seen that film?

- Suntem intr-o situatie dificila.

This is a dangerous disease.

> [It IZ a demdjaras dJZi:z]

Do you see the difference?

> [D'is iz a nais

Who are these persons?

> [hu: a: r D/I:z pa:rsnz]

- Cine sunt aceste persoane?

> (IZ tellVljn a lU:sfal

Who has written this play?

> [1m: hEz ritn DZis plel]

- Cine a scris aceasta piesa?

> [It IZ a ha:rd ta.sk]

Was it a long struggle?

> [U oz it a lon,gl stragl]

- A fost 0 lupta lunga?

There are spies in this

> [DZear a r spaiz in DZis

- Sunt spioni in aceasta

- Este un gest dragut.

Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele noi:

- The >dlfkrences are not important.

Aceasta piesa este foarte scurta.

- This >play is very short.

- Does he know their > sItuation?

Sarcina voastra este sa scrieti un eseu.

- Your >task is to write an essay.

Aceasta este ultima scena a filmului.

- This is the last >scene of the > fi 1m.

Nu cunosc boala aceea.

- I don't know that >disease.

Nu sunt ve~ti despre intrecere.

- There is no news of the > struggle.

Nu cunosc nici una din aceste persoane.

- I don't know any of these >persons.

A fost un gest ciudat.

- It was a strange> gesture.

Aceasta inventie este foarte utila.

- This> invention is very useful.

Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza:

> [DZls dJob IZ Igzo:stm(gl]

- Aceasta munca este epuizantii.

The difference is striking.

> [DZa difrans iz stralkin(g)]

- Deosebirea este frapantii.

The work is tiring.

> [DZa "a .rk iz tamrm(g)]

- Munca este obositoare.

His gesture was inviting.

- Gestullui a fost ispititor.