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Duringtheannualmessagetocongressin1823,JamesMonroespokeaboutwhatbecame

oneoftheworldsmostwellknownforeignpolicies,theMonroeDoctrine.Monroewantedto
improveAmericasreputation,butalsoassertthecountrysindependence.Theprimarytopics
includedinternationalrelations,militaryinvolvement,andwestwardexpansion.Monroesdirect
andaggressivemessagesettheforeignpolicyfortheearlynineteenthcentury.
TheMonroedoctrinefirstsetstandardsforinternationalrelations.Thepresidentwanted
goodrelationswithothercountries.Thepresidentalsobelievedthatothercountrieshadrightsto
theirowncultures,justasAmericancitizenshadarighttotheirculture.Monroestated
Itisonly
whenourrightsareinvadedorseriouslymenacedthatweresentinjuriesormakepreparationfor
ourdefense.InthisstatementMonroeexaggeratesthefactthatonlywhenthecountrysrights
wereoverrunwouldtheU.S.defendthemselveshowevernecessary.
Next,theMonroedoctrineexplainedmilitaryinvolvement.MonroewantedtheUnited
statestohavegoodrelationswithitsneighbors,CentralandLatinAmerica.Thepresident
wantedtorespecttheculturesofthecountriesarounditandexpectedthesamefromthem.The
UnitedStatesmilitarywaspreparedifEuropetriedtotakecontrolagain,andtheyhadassistance
fromLatinandCentralAmericancountries.Inreturn,Americanmilitaryplannedtohelptheir
borderingcountrieskeeptheirculturesandfreedom.Monroesaid...whentheAmerican
continents,bythefreeandindependentconditionwhichtheyhaveassumedandmaintain,are
henceforthnottobeconsideredassubjectsforfuturecolonizationbyanyEuropeanpowers....
Americansfoughtforthefreedomtheyhadandtheywerereadytoprotectthatfreedom,evenif
itmeantgettingthemilitaryinvolved.

Finally,thepolicyaggressivelydeclaredthatEuropeancountriesshouldnolonger
considerthewesternpartofNorthAmericaopentocolonization.Thepresidenthadalready
madeplanstoextendtheU.S.anddidntwantthecountrywhichhadonceheldtheirfreedomsto
takethemback.Monroestated...weoweit,therefore,tocandorandtotheamicablerelations
existingbetweentheUnitedStatesandthosepowerstodeclarethatweshouldconsiderany
attemptontheirparttoextendtheirsystemtoanyportionofthishemisphereasdangeroustoour
peaceandsafety.IftheEuropeancountriestriedtocolonizeAmericathenitwouldbe
considereddangerousandtheU.S.wouldintervene.
WhensettingtheUnitedStatesforeignpolicypresidentJamesMonroedirectlyand
aggressivelysetstandardsforinternationalrelations,militaryinvolvement,andwestward
expansion.HisapproachtotheseissuesaidedinsettingaclearpictureonU.S.interactionswith
othercountries.OutcomeswerealsomadeclearconcerninganyattemptstocolonizeAmerica.It
isduetoJamesMonroesdirectandaggressiveapproachthatthispolicywasbroughtintoeffect.

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