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Ok3 2e PDF
Ok3 2e PDF
Buckling of plates
Linear and nonlinear theory of buckling, buckling under direct stresses
(class 4 sections), buckling under shear, local loading and Eurocode approach.
D
+
2
+
+
N
+
2
N
+
N
=0
x
xy
y
4
x y
x 2 y 2 y 4
x 2
y 2
x
various boundary
conditions
cr = k E
or
cr = k E
Euler stress
1
"Euler stress"
PE
b
1
PE
PE
2D
2E t
t
E =
=
=
= 189800
2
2
1 t 1 t b
12 1 b
b
k = 4
k = 23,9
b
k = 5,34 + 4
a
for
a
1
b
4w
2 2w
4w
4w
2 2w 2 2w
= 0
D
+2 2 2 +
Et 2
2
+
4
4
2
2
2
x
y
x
y
x
x
y
y
y
x
x
y
2
4
4
4
2
2
2
w w
w
=0
+2 2 2 +
+
4
4
2
2
y
x y
x
x y
y
OK3
Plate imperfections
stability
(buckling modes)
initial
deflections
cr,1
w0 = b/200
cr,1
w0
cr,1
w0
beff/2
initial
deflection
max = fy
OK3
fy
beff
b
= db
0
p 0,055 (3 + )
2
p
1,0
p =
fy
cr
b/t
28 ,4 k
p 0,188
2
p
= 2/1
1,0
eff
b)b A,A,I I
x x
, ,
, ,
x x z z
eMe
OK3
Note:
b) does not include stress
redistribution after buckling
among individual parts of
cross section!!!
4
Ac,eff = Ac
2
be1
be1 =
2
beff
5
1 > 0:
beff = b
< 0:
beff = bc = b / (1-)
be2
b
bc
bt
be1
be2
Factors k
1>>0
0 > > -1
-1
-1 > > -3
4,0
8,2/(1,05+)
7,81
7,81-6,29+9,782
23,9
5,98(1-)2
OK3
outstand elements:
beff
= 1/2
bt
1 > 0:
bc
beff = c
c
1
-1
1 -3
0,43
0,57
0,85
0,57-0,21+0,0782
beff
c /(1- )
< 0:
1 > 0:
beff = bc =
beff
beff
< 0:
beff = c
bc
bt
beff = bc =
c /(1- )
Factors k
1>>0
0>>-1
-1
0,43
0,578/(+0,34)
1,70
1,7-5+17,12
23,8
OK3
moment
eM
eM
eN
this eccentricity invokes additional moment from the axial
force due to shift of neutral axis in interaction of M - N
1 =
NEd
M + NEd eN
+ Ed
1,0
f y Aeff
f y W eff
M0
M0
OK3
Stiffened plates:
Ac,eff,loc
b1,edge,eff
Examples:
- stiffened flange of a box girder,
- web of a deep girder.
b2 2
2 b 3
b1
b2 2
3
2
2
2
b1
middle part
b3,edge,eff
b2
b3
edges
OK3
f y hw t
235
3 M1
fy
contribution from the flanges (can be ignored)
contribution from the web
Verification of ULS:
3 =
VEd
1,0
Vb,Rd
tf
hw
tf
hw 72
hw 31
k
t
OK3
bf
10
Phase 1
Beam behaviour
Phase 2
Truss behaviour
Phase 3
frame behaviour
(influence of several %)
OK3
11
Vbw,Rd =
w fyw hw t
3 M1
Factor w for the contribution of the web to the shear buckling resistance
may be (in acc. to tests) increased for rigid end post and internal panels:
Slenderness
0,83 / w
0,83 / w
w < 0,83 /
0,83 / w < 1,08
1,37 / 0,7 + w
w 1,08
0,83 / w
w
1,2
1
Reason:
anchorage
of panels
w
OK3
12
Web slenderness
fy / 3
w =
cr
hw
86,4 t
w =
na
hw
37,4 t
as far as a / hw 1
as far as a / hw < 1
13
Type (b)
Fs
ss
V1,s
Type (c)
Fs
V
V2,s
2,s
hw
ss
Fs
c
ss
Vs
FRd = Leff t w
fy
M1
OK3
14
OK3
15
2 =
FEd
=
FRd
FEd
Leff t w
fy
1,0
M1
Interaction N + M + F:
2 + 0,8 1 1,4
i.e.:
FEd
Leff t w
fy
M1
MEd + NEd eN
NEd
+ 0,8
+
1,4
fy Aeff
fy Weff
M0
M0
OK3
16