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Written according to the New Text book (2012-2013) published by the Maharashtra State
Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education, Pune.
Triumph Physics
Prof. Umakant N. Kondapure
M.Sc., B.Ed., Solapur
Salient Features:
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
Price : ` 240/-
Printed at:
Anjum Binding Work
Worli
Published by
PREFACE
With the change in educational curriculum its now time for a change in Competitive Examinations as well.
NEET and ISEET are all poised to take over the decade old MHT-CET. The change is obvious not
merely in the names but also at the competitive levels. The state level entrance examination is ushered aside
and the battleground is ready for a National level platform. However, keeping up with the tradition, Target
Publications is ready for this challenge.
To be at pace with the changing scenario and equip students for a fierce competition, Target
Publications has launched the Triumph series. Triumph Physics is entirely based on Std. XII (Science)
curriculum of the Maharashtra Board. This book will not only assist students with MCQs of Std. XII but will
also help them to prepare for NEET and ISEET and various other competitive examinations.
The content of this book has evolved from the State Board prescribed Text Book and weve made
every effort to include most precise and updated information in it. Multiple Choice Questions form the crux
of this book. We have framed them on every sub topic included in the curriculum. Each chapter is divided
into three sections:
Section 1: It consists of basic MCQs based on subtopics of Text Book.
Section 2: It consists of competitive level MCQs.
Section 3: It consists of MCQs relevant to entire syllabus and asked in various competitive
examinations.
To end on a candid note, we make a humble request for students: Preserve this book as a Holy Grail.
This book would prove as an absolute weapon in your arsenal for your combat against Medical and
Engineering entrance examinations.
Yours faithfully
Publisher
Contents
Sr. No.
Unit
Page
No.
Circular Motion
Gravitation
33
Rotational Motion
60
Oscillations
87
Elasticity
120
Surface Tension
141
Wave Motion
161
Stationary Waves
182
205
10
243
11
259
12
Electrostatics
283
13
Current Electricity
307
14
322
15
Magnetism
340
16
Electromagnetic Induction
349
17
379
18
391
19
Semiconductors
412
20
Communication Systems
429
TARGET Publications
01
Circular motion
Ze 2
mv 2
= m2r
=
2
r
40 r
Formulae
1.
2.
frequency (f )
4 2 r
T2
where Z = atomic number of the
nucleus.
= m 42 n2r = m
3.
tan =
ii.
iii.
4 2 mr
2
= mr =
T2
T
ii.
= m2 r = m v
iii.
iv.
4.
+ tan
rg s
1 s tan
where r = radius of curvature of road
g = acceleration due to gravity
s = coefficient of friction between road
and tyres
v=
v2
r
when s = 0, v =
v.
Centripetal acceleration =
vi.
vii.
Tangential acceleration = r
When an electron moves round the
nucleus of an atom along a circular path,
we have
Circular Motion
Banking of roads:
i.
The proper velocity or optimum v on a
road banked by an angle with the
horizontal is given by
= m2 r = m v
v2
rg
ii.
rg tan
TARGET Publications
5.
iv.
ii.
iii.
5rg
1.
2.
3.
Angular velocity = =
ii.
Periodic time =
g
l cos
2
l cos
= 2
g
l sin
=
g tan
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Conical Pendulum:
i.
r = l sin
g tan
=
r
Notes
rg
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
6.
iii.
Circular Motion
TARGET Publications
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Circular Motion
26.
27.
28.
a = r + v
29.
30.
Shortcuts
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
=
no of revolutions =
=
= nt
2
2
2
6.
7.
ii.
vmin =
rg
TARGET Publications
9.
i.
reaction.
10.
11.
The
minimum
safe velocity
gdr
overturning is v =
2h
for
13.
16.
17.
15.
gr
19.
When
i.
vL = 2gr , the body moves in a vertical
semicircle about the lowest point L,
ii.
iii.
18.
mv2
= N mg
r
12.
14.
ii.
not
mv2
= F = R = mg
r
mv2
= mg N where N is normal
r
20.
21.
22.
TARGET Publications
SECTION - 1
1.1
Angular displacement
1.
2.
1.2
3.
4.
5.
6.
11.
1.3
Relation between
angular velocity
12.
8.
Circular Motion
velocity
and
(A)
(C)
v = r
v = . r
(B)
(D)
v = r +
v = r .
13.
14.
20 m/s
(D)
2 m/s
15.
1.4
16.
C. If it makes
a point on the
nC
nC/60
linear
7.
9.
10.
18.
19.
20.
1.5
21.
22.
TARGET Publications
23.
a
tan1 t
ar
(B)
a
tan1 r
at
(C)
a
tan1 r
a
(D)
a
tan1 t
a
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
Angular displacement
1.
1.2
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
10
TARGET Publications
1.3
Relation between
angular velocity
9.
10.
11.
1
R2/R1
linear
(B)
(D)
velocity
and
R1/R2
data insufficient
12.
(A)
m/s
(B)
m/s
2
8
m/s
(D) m/s
(C)
4
13.
14.
15.
= 3i 4j + k and r = 5i 6j + 6k ?
(A)
6i + 2j 3k
(B)
18i 13j + 2k
(C)
4i 13j + 6k
(D)
6i 2j + 8k
Circular Motion
TARGET Publications
16.
22.
23.
1.4
17.
24.
25.
26.
27.
18.
1.5
19.
20.
21.
Circular Motion
11
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
12
TARGET Publications
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
speed permitted?
(A) 5 ms1
(B)
10 ms1
10 2 ms1
(D)
5 2 ms1
(C)
Circular Motion
TARGET Publications
41.
42.
(B)
(A)
3
9
2
3
(D)
(C)
3
4
43.
44.
45.
46.
Circular Motion
1.7
Banking of road
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
13
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
14
60 2
tan1
0.1
(B)
( 50 / 3)2
tan1
100 9.8
(C)
100 9.8
tan1
2
( 50 / 3)
(D)
tan1
TARGET Publications
60.
61.
( 60 0.1 9.8)
(B)
h v
tan sin 1 =
l rg
(C)
2
h v
tan1 =
l rg
(D)
v2
h
=
lg
r
62.
63.
1.8
Conical Pendulum
64.
TARGET Publications
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
T=
mgL
(L2 r 2 )
(D)
T=
mgL
(L r 2 ) 2
2
1.9
70.
Circular Motion
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
15
80.
81.
82.
TARGET Publications
11 m/s
(B)
8 m/s
(C)
15 m/s
(D)
5 m/s
20 J
(B)
10 J
(C)
4 5 J
(D)
10 ( 5 1) J
84.
(A)
(C)
85.
98 m/s
(B)
(C)
490 m/s
(D)
83.
16
444 N
(D)
332 N
5 2 m/s
(B)
20 m/s
(C)
10 m/s
(D)
10 3 m/s
(A)
5 cm
(B)
15
cm
4
(C)
10
cm
3
(D)
2 cm
86.
87.
88.
(C)
h=2D
(B)
(D)
E 2R
223 N
h=
4.9 m/s
(A)
3
D
2
(B)
7 m/s
5
D
2
5
h= D
4
h=
Circular Motion
TARGET Publications
89.
SECTION - 3
1.2
1.
Miscellaneous
90.
91.
92.
2.
3.
B
r
O
60
r
A
(A)
(C)
93.
94.
2 v sin 30
2 v sin 60
(B)
(D)
Relation between
angular velocity
4.
5.
1.4
6.
2 v cos 30
2 v cos 60
Circular Motion
1.3
linear
velocity
and
17
7.
8.
9.
10.
TARGET Publications
14.
15.
16.
17.
4 times
(D)
1
4
times
1.6
1.7
Banking of road
11.
18.
12.
13.
18
19.
Circular Motion
TARGET Publications
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
1.9
26.
27.
v2 r
g
(B)
v 2l
r
(C)
v 2l
rg
(D)
v2
g
(C)
1
tan 1
10
(B)
3
tan 1
5
(C)
tan1(1)
(D)
1
tan 1
5
Circular Motion
(D)
3 mg
28.
29.
30.
3 mg
19
32.
TARGET Publications
60 rad/s
(D)
10 rad/s
21 rad/sec
(D)
37.
38.
Zero
(B)
(C)
cm/sec
30
(D)
34.
35.
36.
20
(A)
2
cm/sec
30
2 2
2mk r t
2 2
(B)
mk r t
(D)
Zero
4 2 5
(C)
39.
mk r t
3
40.
cm/sec
[IIT 2008]
2 rad/sec
30 2
Miscellaneous
33.
41.
(A)
(B)
mv 2
2r
l
(C)
mg2r
(D)
mv 2
.(l )
r
pmr
(B)
rm
p
(C)
mp 2
r
(D)
p2
rm
TARGET Publications
42.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
45.
46.
900
47.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
ML
2 ML
4 ML
16 ML
L
T
M
R
43.
44.
1.
11.
21.
31.
41.
51.
61.
(B)
(A)
(A)
(D)
(A)
(C)
(A)
2.
12.
22.
32.
42.
52.
62.
(C)
(A)
(C)
(C)
(B)
(C)
(B)
3.
13.
23.
33.
43.
53.
63.
(C)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(A)
(C)
(C)
4.
14.
24.
34.
44.
54.
64.
(B)
(B)
(B)
(C)
(C)
(D)
(C)
5.
15.
25.
35.
45.
55.
65.
(C)
(C)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(A)
(A)
6.
16.
26.
36.
46.
56.
66.
(A)
(B)
(B)
(C)
(B)
(B)
(D)
7.
17.
27.
37.
47.
57.
(D)
(A)
(C)
(C)
(A)
(B)
8.
18.
28.
38.
48.
58.
(B)
(D)
(D)
(B)
(D)
(D)
9.
19.
29.
39.
49.
59.
(A)
(D)
(D)
(A)
(C)
(C)
10.
20.
30.
40.
50.
60.
(C)
(C)
(A)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(B)
(C)
(B)
(A)
(B)
(D)
(B)
(A)
(C)
7.
17.
27.
37.
47.
57.
67.
77.
87.
(A)
(C)
(C)
(B)
(C)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(C)
8.
18.
28.
38.
48.
58.
68.
78.
88.
(B)
(A)
(A)
(B)
(A)
(C)
(B)
(C)
(C)
9.
19.
29.
39.
49.
59.
69.
79.
89.
(C)
(B)
(B)
(C)
(C)
(D)
(A)
(A)
(B)
10.
20.
30.
40.
50.
60.
70.
80.
90.
(C)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(A)
(C)
Section 2
1.
11.
21.
31.
41.
51.
61.
71.
81.
91.
(C)
(B)
(A)
(D)
(B)
(A)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(A)
Circular Motion
2.
12.
22.
32.
42.
52.
62.
72.
82.
92.
(A)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(A)
(A)
3.
13.
23.
33.
43.
53.
63.
73.
83.
93.
(B)
(C)
(A)
(A)
(B)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(C)
(B)
4.
14.
24.
34.
44.
54.
64.
74.
84.
94.
(C)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(A)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(C)
(D)
5.
15.
25.
35.
45.
55.
65.
75.
85.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(B)
(D)
6.
16.
26.
36.
46.
56.
66.
76.
86.
21
TARGET Publications
Section 3
1.
11.
21.
31.
41.
(B)
(B)
(A)
(A)
(B)
2.
12.
22.
32.
42.
(D)
(A)
(A)
(A)
(D)
3.
13.
23.
33.
43.
(B)
(C)
(C)
(D)
(A)
4.
14.
24.
34.
44.
(C)
(C)
(D)
(D)
(A)
5.
15.
25.
35.
45.
(D)
(A)
(D)
(D)
(D)
6.
16.
26.
36.
46.
(C)
(D)
(B)
(D)
(D)
7.
17.
27.
37.
47.
(B)
(C)
(A)
(D)
(C)
8.
18.
28.
38.
(C)
(A)
(D)
(B)
9.
19.
29.
39.
(B)
(A)
(C)
(A)
10.
20.
30.
40.
(A)
(D)
(A)
(D)
19.
Section 1
3.
= 2n = 2 3.5 = 7
= 7 3.14 22 rad/s
= 2n =
5.
T = 60 s,
2 2
=
=
=
rad/s
T 60 30
6.
7.
T
12 3600
S
= H =
= 720 : 1
60
TS
H
8.
2 2
2
rad/hr =
rad/s
=
T 24
86400
C
2 n = nC
2
= 2n
125 = 2n
125
n =
2
n 20
10.
d
= 0 (As = constant)
dt
11.
d 2 210
=
= 4.4 rad/s2
dt
60 5
13.
v = r = 0.5 70 = 35 m/s
14.
v = r = 20 10 cm/s = 2 m/s
15.
r = 0.4 m, n = 5, v = ?
v = r = r 2 n = 0.4 2 5
= 0.4 2 3.14 5 = 12.56 12.6 m/s
18.
22
n = 900
26.
ar =
9.
900
rev
=
rev/s = 15 rev/s
min
60
1 .2
a = 2r = (2 n)2
= 540 2 m/s2
2
25.
28.
v = r2n =
1200
a = 2r = 4 2n2r = 42
0.3
60
= 4740 cm/s2
a=
C = 2r
C
r=
2
24.
2 100
= 10.47 rad/s
60
4.
v2
20 20
=
= 40 m/s2, at = 30 m/s2
r
10
a 2r + a 2t =
40 2 + 30 2 = 50 m/s2
a = 2r
a
2 =
r
a
r
29.
r = 0.4 m, n = 1 rev/s
= 2n = 2 1 = 2 rad/s
a = r2 = 0.4 (2)2 = 0.4 4 2
a = 1.6 2 m/s2
37.
p = mv; F =
38.
and
mv 2
r
mv 2 / r v
F
=
=
mv
r
p
mv 2
r
F
r 105 10
v2 = s =
= 104
2
10
m
v = 100 m/s
Fs =
Circular Motion
TARGET Publications
39.
F=
mv 2
r
r
F1
= 2
F2
r1
40.
Breaking tension T =
41.
54.
1
r
55.
56.
N = mg cos
mv 2
, = angle with vertical
R
v1 =
rg
v2 =
5rg =
61.
62.
0 =
66.
60.
5
= 20 m/s
18
20
v
=
= 80 rad/sec
r 0. 5 / 2
mr2 mg;
g
v = 72 km/hr = 72
2 = 02 + 2
mv 2
r
(r = length of the string)
50 1
v2 =
1
v = 5 2 m/s
59.
63.
300
= 5 rps
60
Angle described by wheel in one rotation = 2
rad.
Therefore angle described by wheel in 1 sec
= 2 5 radians = 10 rad
1.
Frequency of wheel, n =
2.
2 2
=
Ts 60
3.
s
2 60 60
=
= 60 : 1
m 60
2
For minute hand T = 60 min
2
2
Angular speed, =
=
rad/s
T
60 60
180
=
= 0.1
1800
[ 1 rad =
5 rg =
5 v1
0
2 3.14 350
2n 0
=
=
=
t
t
220
= 10 rad/s2
1 2
t
2
1
= 4 10 +
2 (10)2 = 140
2
140
=
22
n=
2
2
4.
5.
n=
6.
= 0t +
Circular Motion
180
]
angle described 2
=
= rad/s
time taken
2
540
= 9, = 2n = 18
60
Angular acceleration
Gain in angular velocity 18
=
=
= 3 rad s2
6
time
d 15 10 5
=
=
= 2.5 rad/s2
dt
42
2
23
v = r.
where r is distance from axis of rotation.
At the north-pole, r = 0
v=0
8.
TARGET Publications
14.
15.
9.
a is 90.
10.
11.
12.
n
60
2n
linear velocity, v = r =
60
2 2 n
cm/s
=
60
21.
22.
23.
Velocity, v = r
r
v
v = r =
= = 10 cm/s
2
2
a = 2r
r
a
a = 2r = 2 2 =
= 10 cm/s2
2
2
R1
T
2
Speed of C2 = R2 =
R2
T
Speed of C1
2R1 / T
R
=
= 1
Speed of C 2
2R 2 / T
R2
v = r = 0.25
24
20.
Speed of C1 = R1 =
15
rps
60
2 15
= 2n =
= rad/s
2
60
13.
Angular velocity, = 2
r = 0.25 m, n = 15 rpm =
=
m/s
2
8
20
1
T=
=
= 0.5 s,
2
40
2
2
=
=
= 4 rad/s
T
0 .5
Let r = 50 cm = 0.5 m
v = r = 0.5 4 = 2 m/s
19.
i j k
v = r = 3 4 1 = 18i 13j + 2k
5 6 6
16.
A
v r
=
C 2r v
A 1
=
C 2
T = 24 hr, r = 6400
2
2
r =
6400
v = r =
T
24
2 3.14 6400
=
24
v 1674 km/hr
24.
25.
Circular Motion
TARGET Publications
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
=
=
r r
r
If ar = 0, there is no radial acceleration and
circular motion is not possible
So ar 0
If at 0 the motion is not uniform as angular
velocity will change
So ar 0 and at = 0 for uniform circular
motion
mv 2
and is directed
Centripetal force =
r
always towards the centre of circle. Sense of
rotation does not affect magnitude and
direction of this centripetal force.
Due to centrifugal force.
Distance covered, s = 2r
360o
90
660 =
2r
360
r = 420 m
2
840 10 10
mv
=
F=
= 200 N
r
420
2
2
Fcp = m r = m r
T
2
34.
35.
36.
37.
33.
Force, F = m r
32
2 =
= 16
= 4 rad/s
2 1
Frequency of revolution per minute
4 7
n=
60 =
60
2
2 22
= 38 rev / min
Circular Motion
0.4 10
=
1
4 = 2 rad/s
mg mr2
g = r2 (For minimum angular speed)
g
25
0.25 9.8
2 =
=
=
9.8
2
r
5
5 10
= 9.8 5
= 49.0
= 7 rad/s
39.
40.
v=
gr
When becomes
, v becomes
i.e. 10
2
2
2
= 10 2 = 5 2 ms1
2
mg = m2r
g
=
=
r
2
1
1
r 2 r2 = r1 1 = 9 = 1 cm
3
2
Breaking tension = 4 10 = 40 N
T = mr2
T
40
2 =
=
= 200
mr 200 10 3 1
14 rad/s
38.
22 1
= 500 10 2
0.49
7 11
32.
mv 2
= 10
r
r
0.20
1
= 10
=1J
mv 2 = 10
2
2
2
41.
R 12.5 m
R = 12 m
42.
12 =
rg , 4 2 =
rg
12
3
4 2
2
2
=
9
25
TARGET Publications
43.
51.
44.
45.
46.
47.
mv 2
r
mv 2
0.5 mg =
r
2
v = 0.5 r g = 0.5 10 9.8 = 49
v = 7 m/s
mg =
h
l
h = l = 1.5 0.01 = 0.015 m
sin = 0.2 =
1
5
mg = N cos
24
2000 = 1959.6
5
49.
r = 10 m, v = 10 m/s
v = rg tan = 10 10 tan
10 = 10 tan
tan = 1
= 45
50.
h = l sin
sin tan =
tan = 0.15
Now, v = rg tan = 40 9.8 0.15 8 m/s
26
h 1.2
=
= 15
l
8
v=
v2
rg
tan rg
tan 30 o 17.32 10 =
1
17.32 10
3
20 20
20
v2
=
=
= 2.04
9.8
rg
20 9.8
= tan1 (2.04) = 63.90
53.
tan =
54.
tan =
5
v2
1
= 60
18
rg
2
= tan1 (50 / 3)
100 9.8
v2 = rg tan ()
5
180 = 50 m/s.
18
r = 500 m
g = 10 m/s2
50 50
5
1
v2
tan =
=
=
=
2
rg 500 10 10
v = 180 km/hr =
24
weight = N cos =
tan =
55.
52.
= 10
tan =
0.5 + 1
v2 = 9.8 1000
1 0.5 1
v = 172 m/s
48.
1 tan
1
= tan1 = tan 1 (0.5)
2
56.
h
v2
=
rg
l
v=
57.
r = 400 m, v = 72 km/hr = 72
rgh
=
l
50 9.8 1.5
= 8.5 m/s
10
5
= 20 m/s,
18
l = 1 m, h = ?
v2
h
=
l
rg
h=
v2l
20 20 1
=
= 0.1 m = 10 cm
400 10
rg
Circular Motion
TARGET Publications
58.
63.
20 6v
New velocity v2 = v 1 +
=
5
100
64.
Centripetal acceleration
acp = 2r = g l sin = g tan
v2
v2
r1 = 30 m, tan 1 = 1 , tan 2 = 2
r1g
r2 g
l cos
65.
v12
v2
= 2
r1g
r2 g
2
v1
v1
r1
25
5
= =
= =
r2
36
6
v2
6 v1
5
36
36
216
r2 =
r1 =
30 =
= 43.2 m
25
25
5
66.
59.
Fs =
60
v2
For banking of road = tan1
rg
Given = tan1 (0.24) and also =
v2
rg
61.
sin =
h
l
tan =
v2
rg
T cos
ar
mg
Time period, T =
g
l cos
g
l cos
2
= 2
= 2 3.14
l cos
g
1 cos 60
10
= 1.4 s
67.
v2
1 h
tan sin =
rg
l
1
v2h
M g
2
ra
1
v2 h
M g +
2
ra
.(i)
.(ii)
Tsin
= 0.24.
62.
v2
mv 2
But, tan =
r
rg
v2
= g tan
r
Fs = mg tan = 90 10 tan 30 = 520 N
60.
T = ma = mr2
T 2
' 2
4T
T'
=
=
=4
2
T
T
2 = 42
= 2
n = 2n = 2 5
= 10 rpm
r = l sin
r = 10 sin 30
r=5m
2
2
=
=
T
3
Centripetal force = m2r
4 2
5
9
= 25 102 4
= 100 102 = 1 N
= 5 102
68.
mr2 = T and = 2n
1
T
n=
= 2 Hz
2
4 mr
27
T=
TARGET Publications
78.
mg
cos
h
=
L
mg L
cos =
L2 r 2
L
T=
70.
71.
4 104
mv 2
+ 10
+ mg = 70
r
400
= 7700N
F =
L2 r 2
79.
81.
73.
mv
= m2r
r
g
2
=
,
=
T
r
2 2
T=
4s
9.8
F=
TL TH =
9.8
4
m
(u2 + gr u2 + 5gr)
r
m
(6gr) = 6 mg
=
r
74.
Difference in tension = 6 mg = 6 2
= 12 kg wt
75.
mg = 20 N and
77.
mv 2
+ mg
r
mv 2
mg
r
Tmax
Tmin
mv 2
+ mg
5
= r2
=
mv
3
mg
r
mv 2
= T mg = (2 350 40 10) = 300
r
300 3
v2 =
= 22.5 m/sec
40
v = 4.8 m/s
At the highest point of the circle
4 104
mv 2
10
mg = 70
F=
r
400
98 m/s
mg = 667 N
mg N1 =
mv12
r
mv12
= 667 556 = 111
r
Let v2 = 2v1
mv 2
2 (4) 2
=
= 32 N
r
1
It is clear that 52 N tension will be at the
bottom of the circle. Because we know that
mv 2
TBottom = mg +
r
= 6300 N
28
m 2
m 2
(u + gr)
(u 5gr)
r
r
76.
72.
mv 2
= mg
r
v2 = gr
v=
mv 2 2
4mv12
=
= 4 111 = 444
r
r
mv 2 2
r
N2 = 667 444 = 223 N
mg N2 =
83.
mv12
+ mg
r
mv 22
mg
r
Using the law of conservation of energy,
1 2 1 2
mv1 = mv2 + 2mgr
2
2
Minimum tension Tmin =
2
2
That is v1 = v2 + 4rg
Circular Motion