5 Introduction to organic chemistry

Extension questions

Topic 5 Extension questions

1 Complete combustion of 0.292g of a compound containing carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen formed 0.748g of carbon dioxide and 0.308g of water.
a) What mass of carbon was present in 0.292g of the compound?
b) What mass of hydrogen was present in 0.292g of the compound?
c) Calculate the empirical formula of the compound.
2 Heptane can undergo isomerisation to produce branched chain alkanes such as 2methylhexane and
2,3-dimethylpentane.
a) What do you think is meant by the term isomerisation?
b) Write an equation using structural formulae for the isomerisation of heptane to 2methylhexane.
c) Write an equation using skeletal formulae for the isomerisation of heptane to 2,3dimethylpentane.
d) Draw and name the structure of one isomer of heptane with a name ending in
butane.
e) The boiling temperature of hexane is 69C and that of heptane is 99C. Why is the
boiling temperature of heptane higher than that of hexane?
f) The boiling temperature of 2,3-dimethylpentane is 84C. Predict the boiling
temperature of 2-methylhexane and explain your prediction.

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G. Hill and A. Hunt 2008 Edexcel Chemistry for AS CD-ROM