Bin son NVT LT10 PTCNN

2014-2015

THI TUYN SINH VO 10 CNN NM HC 2014-2015

Cu 1. (2 im) Cho biu thc
x + 2 x + 4 x + 2 x + 1
: 3 +
+
A=

x x 8
x 1

1
x 2

x + 1
2

a) Rt gn A
b) Tm gi tr ca x A > 1.
Cu 2. (2,5 im)
1) Gii phng trnh x 2 + 2x + 7 = 3 (x 2 + 1)(x + 3)
x 2 + y 2 = 3 xy
2) Gii h phng trnh 4
x + y 4 = 2

Cu 3. (1,5 im) Cho phng trnh x 2 3(m + 1)x + 2m 2 + 5m + 2 = 0 . Tm gi tr ca m

phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit x 1, x 2 tha mn x 1 + x 2 = 2 x 1 x 2
Cu 4. (3 im) Cho tam gic ABC (AB<AC) ni tip ng trn tm(O). K ng cao AH ca
tam gic ABC. Gi P, Q ln lt l chn ca ng vung gc k t H n AB, AC.
1) Chng minh rng BCQP l t gic ni tip.
2) Hai ng thng PQ v BC ct nhau ti M Chng minh rng MH 2 = MB.MC
3) ng thng MA ct ng trn (O) ti K (K khc A). Gi I l tm ng trn ngoi tip t
gic BCQP. Chng minh rng I, H, K thng hng.
Cu 5. (1 im) Chng minh rng 1 +

2
3
4
2015
+ 2 + 3 + + 2014 < 4
2 2
2
2

Bin son NVT LT10 PTCNN

2014-2015

P N V THANG IM
Cu 1.
x + 2 x + 4 x + 2 x + 1
: 3 +
a) (1 im) A=
+

x x 8
x 1

1
x 2

x + 1
2

(K: x 1, x 0, x 4; x 3 ) (nu thiu iu kin c th b tr 0,25)

1
x + 1 3( x 2)( x + 1) + x + 1 + 2( x 2)
:

=
+

x 2
x 1
( x 2)( x + 1)

x 1 + ( x + 1)( x 2)

( x 2)( x + 1)
.

=
3x 3 x 6 + 3 x 3

( x 2)( x 1)
x + x 1 x 2 x + 1
x +1

=
=

3x 9 3( x 1)

x 1
b) A > 1 ta c
x +1
3( x 1)

1 > 0

2 x + 4
3( x 1)

>0

x 2
x 1

<0 1<

x <2 1<x <4

Kt hp iu kin 1 < x < 4; x 3 (thiu x 3 tr 0,25).

Cu 2.
a) (1 im) x 2 + 2x + 7 = 3 (x 2 + 1)(x + 3) (K x 3)
t

x 2 + 1 = a, x + 3 = b ta c x 2 + 2x + 7 = (x 2 + 1) + 2(x + 3) do

a 2 + 2b 2 = 3ab (a 2b)(a b) = 0 a = 2b hoc a = b

Vi a = b ta c x 2 + 1 = x + 3 x 2 x 2 = 0 x = 1 hoc x = 2
Vi a = 2b ta c x 2 + 1 = 4(x + 3) x 2 4x 11 = 0 x = 2 15 (tho mn).
KL: Phng trnh c 4 nghim.
x 2 + y 2 = 3 xy
b)(1,5 im) 4
x + y 4 = 2

t S = x + y, P = xy vi iu kin S 2 4P .
Ta c x 2 + y 2 = S 2 2P ; x 4 + y 4 = (x 2 + y 2 )2 2x 2y 2 = (S2 2P )2 2P 2
S 2 2P = 3 P

(3 P )2 2P 2 = 2 P 2 6P + 9 = 2 P 2 + 6P 7 = 0
(S 2 2P )2 2P 2 = 2

TH1. P = 1 S = 2 ta c x = y = 1
TH2. P = 7 S 2 = 4 (loi).

Bin son NVT LT10 PTCNN

2014-2015

(Tm ra c S, P s c 0,5 im v thiu nghim c th b tr 0,5 im v ty thuc vo

bi lm)
Cu 3. (1,5 im) x 2 3(m + 1)x + 2m 2 + 5m + 2 = 0
= 9(m + 1)2 4(2m 2 + 5m + 2) = 9m 2 + 18m + 9 8m 2 20m 8 = m 2 2m + 1 = (m 1)2

phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit th (m 1)2 > 0 m 1 . (Lm c n y c

th c 0,5 im)
Khi phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit

x1 =

3(m + 1) (m 1)
3(m + 1) + m 1
= m + 2 v x 2 =
= 2m + 1 . (c th c 0,25 im)
2
2

Thay vo iu kin
x 1 + x 2 = 2 x 1 x 2 m + 2 + 2m + 1 = 2 m + 2 2m 1 (3 m+ 3)2 = 4(m 1)2

9m 2 + 18m + 9 = 4m 2 8m + 4 5m 2 + 26m + 5 = 0 m = 5 hoc m =

Cu 4.
A

K
O

Q
E

P
M

H
I

1) (1 im) BCQP l t gic ni tip.

V APHQ l t gic ni tip nn APQ = HAQ
Li c HAQ = HCQ (v cng ph vi gc QHC ) nn ta c APQ = HCQ .
Vy t gic BCQP ni tip.
2) (1 im) MH 2 = MB.MC
V BCQP l t gic ni tip v BC ct PQ ti M nn MP .MQ = MB.MC
Xt MPH v MHQ c PMH chung v PHM = HAQ = PQH nn
MPH MHQ hay MP .MQ = MH 2 . T MH 2 = MB.MC

1
.
5

Bin son NVT LT10 PTCNN

2014-2015

3) (1 im) Ko di AO ct ng trn (O) ti D. Gi I l trung im ca AD, ta s chng

minh I l tm ng trn ngoi tip t gic BCQP. Tht vy
+ V DC AC (do AD l ng knh) nn HQCD l hnh thang vung. Gi E l trng im
QC khi IE l ng trung bnh ca hnh thang. T IE QC hay IE l ng trung
trc ca QC.
+ Xt AHD c O v I l trung im ca AD v HD nn IO l ng trung bnh hay
IO//AH. M AH BC nn IO BC . Li c OB = OC nn OI l trung trc ca BC.
Vy I l giao im ca hai ng trung trc ca QC v BC. Hay I l tm ng trn ngoi
tip t gic BCQP.
V MK .MA = MB.MC = MH2

MK
MH

MH
MA

Vy MKH MHA(c.g.c) (do gc nh M chung). T HKA = 900 .

Li c AD l ng knh nn DKA = 900. Vy K, H, I thng hng.
Cu 5. (1 im) P = 1 +

2
3
4
2015
+ 2 + 3 + + 2014 < 4 .
2 2
2
2

1
1
2
3
2015
P = + 2 + 3 + + 2015 . T ta c
2
2 2
2
2
2 1 3
2015 2014 2015
1
2
P P = 1 + + 2 2 + + 2014 2014 2015
2 2 2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2015
= 1 + + 2 + + 2014 2015
2 2
2
2

Ta li c cng thc 1 + q + q 2 + ... + q 2014 =

1 q 2015
1
vi q = nn
2
1q

2015

1+

1
1
1
+ 2 + + 2014 =
2 2
2

1
1
2
1

1
2

= 2

1
2014

. Vy

1
1
2015
P = 2 2014 2015 P < 4 .
2
2
2

Ch : Thang im thnh phn l theo d on ca thy, c th khc vi p n chi tit ca Hi

ng tuyn sinh. y ch l thng tin cc em tham kho thi, khng phi chnh thc nh.