S GD&T VNH PHC

KSCL N THI THPT QUC GIA LN 1

NM HC 2015-2016
MN THI: TON
Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht, khng k thi gian pht

2x 1
x2
3
2
Cu 2 (1,0 im). Tm cc im cc tr ca th hm s y x 3x 6
x
4
4
b) Gii phng trnh 5.9 x 2.6 x 3.4 x

a) Gii bt phng trnh log 22 x log 2

Cu 4 (1,0 im). Tnh nguyn hm I x 2 sin 3 xdx

N.
co

Cu 3 (1,0 im).

Cu 1 (1,0 im). Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s y

Cu 5 (1,0 im). Cho hnh chp S . ABC c SA ABC ,

ABC 900 , AB a, BC a 3, SA 2a .

tch mt cu theo a.
Cu 6 (1,0 im).

AT
HV

Chng minh trung im I ca cnh SC l tm ca mt cu ngoi tip hnh chp S . ABC v tnh din

a) Gii phng trnh: 2 cos 2 x sin x 1 0 .

b) i vn ngh ca nh trng gm 4 hc sinh lp 12A, 3 hc sinh lp 12B v 2 hc sinh lp

12C. Chn ngu nhin 5 hc sinh t i vn ngh biu din trong l b ging nm hc. Tnh xc sut
sao cho lp no cng c hc sinh c chn v c t nht 2 hc sinh lp 12A.
Cu 7 (1,0 im). Cho hnh chp S . ABCD c y l hnh vung cnh a, SD

3a
. Hnh chiu vung
2

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gc H ca nh S ln mt phng (ABCD) l trung im ca on AB . Gi K l trung im ca on

AD . Tnh theo a th tch khi chp S . ABCD v khong cch gia hai ng thng HK v SD .

Cu 8 (1,0 im). Trong mt phng vi h to Oxy cho hnh thang ABCD vung ti A v D c
AB AD CD , im B(1; 2) , ng thng BD c phng trnh l y 2 0 . ng thng qua B

ct cnh DC ti N . Bit
vung gc vi BC ct cnh AD ti M . ng phn gic trong gc MBC

ww

rng ng thng MN c phng trnh 7 x y 25 0 . Tm ta nh D .

x
2
x x 1 y 2 x 1 y 1
Cu 9 (1,0 im). Gii h phng trnh:
3 x 2 8 x 3 4 x 1 y 1

x, y

2
2 y x
Cu 10 (1,0 im). Cho x, y tha mn
. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
2
y 2 x 3x
2
P x4 y 4
2
x y
-------------HT-----------Th sinh khng c s dng ti liu. Gim th coi thi khng gii thch g thm.

H v tn th sinh:S bo danh:

S GD&T VNH PHC

HNG DN CHM KSCL N THI THPT QUC GIA LN 1

NM HC 2015-2016
MN THI: TON

w.
M

AT
HV

N.
co

I. LU CHUNG:
- Hng dn chm ch trnh by mt cch gii vi nhng c bn phi c. Khi chm bi hc sinh lm
theo cch khc nu ng v th vn cho im ti a.
- im ton bi tnh n 0,25 v khng lm trn.
- Vi bi hnh hc khng gian nu th sinh khng v hnh hoc v hnh sai th khng cho im tng
ng vi phn .
II. P N:
Cu
Ni dung trnh by
im
1
2x 1
Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s y
1,0
x2
2x 1
y
x2
1. Tp xc nh: D \ {2}
2. S bin thin.
0,5
3
y'

0,

D
( x 2) 2
Suy ra hm s nghch bin trong cc khong (; 2) v (2; )
Hm s khng c cc tr
Cc gii hn lim y 2; lim y 2; lim y ; lim y
x
x
x 2
x2
0,25
Suy ra x 2 l tim cn ng, y 2 l tim cn ngang ca th.
Bng bin thin

ww

1
3. th: Giao vi trc Ox ti ;0 , giao vi trc Oy ti
2
xng l im I (2; 2)

0,25

1
0; , th c tm i
2

0,25

Tm cc im cc tr ca th hm s y x 3 3 x 2 6

1,0

* Tp xc nh:

0,25

x 0
y ' 3 x 2 6 x, y ' 0
x 2
Bng xt du o hm
x
y

0,25

0
0

2
0

0,25

T bng xt u o hm ta c
Hm s t cc i ti x 0 v gi tr cc i y 6 ; t cc tiu ti x 2 v gi tr
cc tiu y 2 .

N.
co

Vy im cc i ca th hm s l M 0;6 , im cc tiu ca th hm s l
N 2; 2
3

x
4 (1)
4
+) iu kin ca bt phng trnh (1) l: x 0 (*)
+) Vi iu kin (*),
(1) log 22 x log 2 x log 2 4 4 log 22 x log 2 x 2 0
Gii bt phng trnh log 22 x log 2

AT
HV

(log 2 x 2)(log 2 x 1) 0

x4
log 2 x 2

0 x 1
log
x

1
2

2
+) Kt hp vi iu kin (*), ta c tp nghim ca bt phng trnh (1) l
1
S 0; 4;
2

b Gii phng trnh 5.9 x 2.6 x 3.4 x (1)

0,25

0,5

0,25

0,25

0,5

Phng trnh cho xc nh vi mi x

Chia c hai v ca phng trnh (1) cho 4 x 0 ta c :
2x

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3
3
5.9 x 2.6 x 3.4 x 5. 2. 3
2
2
2x
x
3 2 x 3 x
3
3
5. 2. 3 0 1 5. 3 0 (2)
2
2
2
2

0,25

3
V 5. 3 0 x nn phng trnh (2) tng ng vi
2
x

ww

3
1 x 0.
2
Vy nghim ca phng trnh l: x 0
Tnh nguyn hm I x 2 sin 3 xdx

u x 2
t
dv sin 3 xdx
du dx

ta c
cos 3x
v 3
Do : I

x 2 cos 3x 1

3
3
x 2 cos 3x 1 sin 3x C

3
9

0,25

1,0
0,25

0,25

cos 3 xdx

0,25
0,25

Cho hnh chp S . ABC c SA ABC ,

ABC 900 , AB a, BC a 3, SA 2a .
Chng minh trung im I ca cnh SC l tm ca mt cu ngoi tip hnh chp
S . ABC v tnh din tch mt cu theo a.

A
B
V SA ABC SA BC

N.
co

1,0

Mt khc theo gi thit AB BC , nn BC SAB v do BC SB

AT
HV

Ta c tam gic SBC vung nh B; tam gic SAB vung nh A nn

SC
IA IB
IS IC (*)
2
Vy im I cch u bn nh ca hnh chp, do I l tm mt cu ngoi tip ca
hnh chp S . ABC
SC
T (*) ta c bn knh ca mt cu l R
2
Ta c AC AB 2 BC 2 2a

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SC SA2 AC 2 2 2a R a 2
Din tch mt cu l 4 R 2 8 a 2
a Gii phng trnh 2 cos 2 x sin x 1 0 .
Ta c: 2 cos 2 x sin x 1 0 2sin 2 x sin x 3 0 (sin x 1)(2sin x +3)=0
sin x 1 (do 2sin x 3 0 x )
s inx 1 x k k

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25
0,5
0,25
0,25

Vy nghim ca phng trnh cho l x k k

ww

b i vn ngh ca nh trng gm 4 hc sinh lp 12A, 3 hc sinh lp 12B v 2 hc

sinh lp 12C. Chn ngu nhin 5 hc sinh t i vn ngh biu din trong l b
ging nm hc. Tnh xc sut sao cho lp no cng c hc sinh c chn v c t
nht 2 hc sinh lp 12A.
Gi khng gian mu ca php chn ngu nhin l
S phn t ca khng gian mu l: C95 126
Gi A l bin c Chn 5 hc sinh t i vn ngh sao cho c hc sinh c ba lp v
c t nht 2 hc sinh lp 12A.
Ch c 3 kh nng xy ra thun li cho bin c A l :
+ 2 hc sinh lp 12A, 1 hc sinh lp 12B, 2 hc sinh lp 12C
+ 2 hc sinh lp 12A, 1 hc sinh lp 12B, 2 hc sinh lp 12C
+ 3 hc sinh lp 12A, 1 hc sinh lp 12B, 1 hc sinh lp 12C
S kt qu thun li cho bin c A l: C42 .C31.C22 C42 .C32 .C21 C43 .C31.C21 78 .
78 13
.
Xc sut cn tm l P
126 21
3a
Cho hnh chp S . ABCD c y l hnh vung cnh a, SD
. Hnh chiu vung
2
gc H ca nh S ln mt phng (ABCD) l trung im ca on AB . Gi K l trung
im ca on AD . Tnh theo a th tch khi chp S . ABCD v khong cch gia

0,5

0,25

0,25

1,0

hai ng thng HK v SD .

E
H
O
D

N.
co

AT
HV

T gi thit ta c SH l ng cao ca hnh chp S.ABCD v

3a
a
SH SD 2 HD 2 SD 2 ( AH 2 AD 2 ) ( )2 ( ) 2 a 2 a
2
2
1
1
a3
Din tch ca hnh vung ABCD l a 2 , VS . ABCD SH .S ABCD a.a 2
3
3
3
T gi thit ta c HK / / BD HK / /( SBD)
Do vy: d ( HK , SD ) d ( H ,( SBD )) (1)
Gi E l hnh chiu vung gc ca H ln BD, F l hnh chiu vung gc ca H ln SE
Ta c BD SH , BD HE BD ( SHE ) BD HF m HF SE nn suy ra
HF ( SBD) HF d ( H , ( SBD)) (2)

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0,25

0,25

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a .sin 450 a 2
+) HE HB.sin HBE
2
4
+) Xt tam gic vung SHE c:

a 2
a
4
(3)
3
a 2 2
(
) a2
4
a
+) T (1), (2), (3) ta c d ( HK , SD ) .
3
Trong mt phng vi h to Oxy cho hnh thang ABCD vung ti A v D c
AB AD CD , im B(1; 2) , ng thng ng thng BD c phng trnh l
y 2 0 .. ng thng qua B vung gc vi BC ct cnh AD ti M . ng
phn gic trong gc MBC ct cnh DC ti N . Bit rng ng thng MN c
phng trnh 7 x y 25 0 . Tm ta nh D .
SH .HE
HF .SE SH .HE HF

SE

ww

a.

0,25

1,0

0,25

T gic BMDC ni tip

BDC
DBA
450
BMC
BMC vung cn ti B, BN l

phn gic trong MBC

AD d ( B, CN ) d ( B, MN )

4
2

Do AB AD BD AD 2 4

AT
HV

a 5
BD : y 2 0 D(a; 2) , BD 4
a 3
Vy c hai im tha mn l: D(5; 2) hoc D (3; 2)

N.
co

M , C i xng qua BN

x
2
x x 1 y 2 x 1 y 1
Gii h phng trnh:
3 x 2 8 x 3 4 x 1 y 1

x 1
iu kin:
y 1

x3 x 2 x
y 2
1
x 1
3

x 1

x 1

y 2 y 1

0,25
0,25

1,0

0,25

y 1 y 1 .

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x
x

x 1
x 1

x 1 y 1

x3 x x 1

x, y

0,25

Xt hm s f t t 3 t trn c f t 3t 2 1 0t suy ra f(t) ng bin

x
trn . Nn f
f
x 1

y 1

x
y 1 . Thay vo (2) ta c
x 1

0,25

3x 2 8 x 3 4 x x 1 .
2

ww

2 x 1 x 2 x 1

x 1
2
x 3 2 3
x 6x 3 0
2 x 1 x 1

1
5 2 13
x

x
2 x 1 1 3 x

3
9

9 x 2 10 x 3 0

Ta c y

0,25

x2
1
x 1

43 3
5 2 13
41 7 13
y
. Vi x
.
2
9
72
Cc nghim ny u tha mn iu kin.

Vi x 3 2 3 y

0,25


43 3
KL: H phng trnh c hai nghim x; y 3 2 3;

5 2 13 41 7 13
& x; y
;
.
9
72

x, y

Cho
4

Px y

x y

2 y x 2
tha
. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
2
y 2 x 3x
2
2

T gi thit ta c y 0 v

N.
co

10

1,0

x2
6
2 x 2 3 x 0 x v
2
5

x 2 y 2 x 2 2 x 2 3x 2 x 2 2 x 2 6 x 5

6
Xt hm s f ( x) 2 x 2 2 x 2 6 x 5 ; x 0; ta c Max f(x) = 2
6
5
0;

0,25

x y 2
P x y
2

2 2

2x y
2

t t x 2 y 2 P

AT
HV

x y

x y
2

2 2

y2
2

2
x y2
2

0,25

t
2
,0t 2
2 t

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Xt hm s:
t2 2
g (t ) , t 0; 2
2 t
1 t3 2
g '(t ) t 2 2 ; g '(t ) 0 t 3 2
t
t
6
33 4
16
Lp bng bin thin ta c Min P
khi x y
2
2
------------Ht------------

ww

0,25

0,25