A Panopticon is a type of prison designed to allow the guards to

observe all prisoners without their knowledge. The goal is to convey a

feeling of "invisible omniscience" over the minds of the prisoners. The
eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg are like a panopticon in the valley of
Ashes. As exemplified by this statement, But above the grey land and
the spasms of bleak dust which drift endlessly over it, you perceive, after
a moment, the eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg (23). The eyes of T.J.
Eckleberg are representative of an all knowing and all seeing god that
looks down upon and is always watching the poor work in the coal
factories in Ash Valley. The reader is aware that the eyes arent
immediately noticeable, and need to be sought after for someone to
notice the Eyes gazing at them.
A metanarrative in critical theory and particularly in
postmodernism is a narrative about narratives of historical meaning,
experience or knowledge. The authors, and ultimately the directors,
rendition of a metanarrative inside of the Great Gatsby is the change in
methodology between old money and new money. A great quote to
represent this metanarrative, Stocks reached record peaks, and Wall
Street boomed a steady golden roar. The parties were bigger, the shows
were broader, the buildings were higher, the morals were looser, and the
ban on alcohol had backfired. (Gatsby 2013). This quote shows the idea
of change between old money and new money by comparing the stock
market prices, size of the parties, and the broadness of shows. Another
way the author and director perfectly show the segregation of wealth is
the East Egg vs West Egg. Both money live respectively on either side of
the bay and each side looks down on the other.
Humanism is an outlook or system of thought attaching prime
importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters.
Humanist beliefs stress the potential value and goodness of human
beings. This idea is exemplified in the literal embodiment of Daisy.
Daisy believes that Gatsby got him money in via a fair method, and isnt
in anyway associated with the illegal trade of alcohol. Daisy believes
that she can see the good in Gatsby, and that she can still see the Gatsby

that she once loved years ago in the man that stands in front of her today.
An excerpt from the conversation between Daisy, Tom, Nick, and
Gatsby exemplifies this idea very well. And expressed by Tom, Daisy,
can't you see who this guy is, with his house and his parties and his
fancy clothes? He is just a front for Wolfsheim, a gangster, to get his
claws into respectable folk like Walter Chase (Gatsby 2013). Tom tries
to coax Daisy into believing that Gatsby is not a good person, but she
will not be deterred just yet.