DYNAMICS OF MACHINES

To know the purpose for which the m/c is

needed.
To develop concept design.
To analyze the motion involved
- Kinematics
To calculate & analyze the forces and torques
required for producing the motion
- Kinetics
To give physical shape to the components.
- Machine Design

STATIC FORCE ANALYSIS IN

MACHINES
To evaluate the forces acting on the machine
members at a particular configuration.
Each configuration is considered as system of
rigid bodies in static equilibrium
under the action of external forces.
Helps in finding load carried by each part of the
machine during cycle of its operation

TYPES OF FORCES
Applied forces :
Gas, hydraulic & pneumatic forces etc..
Electrical, magnetic & gravity forces
Constraint forces :
Reaction forces.
Friction forces.
Inertia forces.
Due to mass of accelerating parts

Condition for static

equilibrium
F1
F2

F i = 0
F5

M/c part
CG

Mi = 0
F4

F3

EQUATIONS FOR STATIC

EQUILIBRIUM

Fi = 0
M i= 0

EQUILIBRIUM OF TWO FORCE

AND THREE FORCE MEMBERS
Two force member in equilibrium
F2

F1

THREE FORCE MEMBER IN

EQUILIBRIUM
F1

F2

F1

F3

F2

F3

STATIC FORCE ANALYSIS IN SLIDER-CRANK MACHANISM

A
3

O2

P
1

FBDof
Link 2
C12
2

F32
F34

F12

4
F34

FBDof
Link 3

F14
F14

FBDof
Link 4

B
F43

F23
A

STATIC FORCE ANALYSIS IN 4-BAR MECHANISM

F34
A

C
2

4
P

F14
P

F14

F34
O2

O4

F43
3

F32

C12

F12

F23

O2

C12 = F32 X h

O2

6
5

B
3

6
5

O2
4

F16

P
O4

F56

F16

F56

F65

5
F45

F54

LINE
OF A
CTIO
OF

F3

F54

F34

O
TI
AC
F
O
NE
LI
F 14
F

F14

F32
A

2
O2

F12

C12

F43

3
F23

Inertia force

-Inertia torque -

ma
I

D Alemberts principle
In order to find the effect of inertia of
the actual link on the forces
transmitted to the adjacent links of a
mechanism, the actual link may be
replaced by a rigid mass-less link to
which inertia force F i = -ma is applied.
The mass-less link is then under
equilibrium under systems of forces
along with inertia force.