6.

7 Cvičenia

1. Nájdite extremály pre dané funkcionály:

t1

a) v[x(t )] = ∫ x ′(1 + t 2 x ′)dt ; [[ x = C1t −1 + C 2 ]]

t0

t1

b) v[x(t )] = ∫ (tx ′ + x ′ 2 )dt ; [[ x = C1t + C 2 − 0,25t 2 ]]

t0

t1

c) v[x(t )] = ∫ (16 x 2 − x ′′ + t 2 )dt ; [[ x = C1e 2t + C 2 e −2t + C 3 cos 2t + C 4 sin 2t ]]

t0

t1

d) v[x(t )] = ∫ (2tx + ( x ′′′) 2 )dt ;

1 7
[[ x = t + C1t 5 + C 2 t 4 + C 3 t 3 + C 4 t 2 + C 5 t + C 6 ]]
t0
7!
t1

e) v[x(t ), y (t )] = ∫ (2 xy − 2 x 2 + x ′ 2 − y ′ 2 )dt ;
t0

[[ x = (C1t + C 2 ) cos t + (C 3 t + C 4 ) sin t ; y = 2 x + x ′′ ]]

t1

f) v[x(t )] = ∫ ( x ′′ 2 − 2 x ′ 2 + x 2 − 2 x sin t )dt ;

t0

[[ x = (C1t + C 2 ) cos t + (C 3 t + C 4 ) sin t − 0,25t 2 sin t ]]

t1

g) v[x(t )] = ∫ ( x ′′′ 2 + x 2 − 2 xt 3 )dt .

t0

3 3
x = C1e t + C 2 e −t + e 0,5t (C 3 cos t + C 4 sin t) +
2 2
[[ ]]
− 0 , 5t 3 3
+e (C 5 cos t + C 6 sin t) + t 3
2 2

2. Nájdite extremály pre dané funkcionály a dané okrajové podmienky:

1
a) v[x(t )] = ∫ ( x ′ 2 − 12tx)dt ; x(0) = 1, x(1) = 0 ; [[ x = 1 − t 3 ]]
0

1
b) v[x(t )] = ∫ (12tx + xx ′ + x ′ 2 )dt ; x(0) = 1, x(1) = 4 ; [[ x = 1 + 2t + t 3 ]]
0

2
c) v[x(t )] = ∫ x(1 + x ′ 2 ) dt ; x(0) = 2, x(2) = 1 ; [[ x = 1 + 0,25(t − 2) 2 ]]
0
 t1

d) v[x(t )] = ∫ ( x ′ 4 − x ′ 2 )dt ; x(0) = 0, x(t1 ) = x1 ; [[ x = 0,2 + 1,25(t − 1,2) 2 ]]

0

1
v[x(t ), y (t )] = ∫ ( x ′ 2 + y ′ 2 + x ′y ′)dt
e) 0
; [[ x = 2t − 1; y = −4t + 2 ]]
x(0) = −1, x(1) = 1, y (0) = 2, y (1) = −2

1
v[x(t ), y (t )] = ∫ ( x ′ 2 + y ′ 2 + 2 y )dt
f) 0
; [[ x = t ; y = 0,5t 2 + 1 ]]
x(0) = 0, x(1) = 1, y (0) = 1, y (1) = 3 / 2

1
v[x(t ), y (t )] = ∫ ( x ′ 3 − y ′ 2 + 2ty )dt
1
1
g) −1
3 . [[ x = t ; y = − (t 3 + 5t − 6) ]]
6
x(−1) = −1, x(1) = 1, y (−1) = 2, y (1) = 0

3. Nájdite extremály pre dané funkcionály a dané okrajové podmienky:

2
a) v[x(t )] = ∫ x ′(1 + t 2 x ′)dt ; x(−1) = 1, x(2) = 4 ; [[ Nemá extrémy; ]]
−1

2
b) v[x(t )] = ∫ x ′(1 + t 2 x ′)dt ; x(1) = 3, x(2) = 5 ; [[ Pre x = 7 − 4 / t - silný minimum; ]]
1

2
c) v[x(t )] = ∫ (12 x 2 + t 2 x ′ 2 )dt ; x(1) = 1, x(2) = 8 ; [[ Pre x = t 3 - silné maximum; ]]
1

π /4
d) v[x(t )] = ∫ (x
2
− x ′ 2 + 6 x sin 2t )dt ; x(0) = 0, x(π / 4) = 1 ;
0

[[ Pre x = sin 2t - silné maximum;]]

3
e) v[x(t )] = ∫ ( x ′ 2 + 12tx)dt ; x(1) = 0, x(3) = 26 ; [[ Pre x = t 3 − 1 - silné maximum; ]]
1

2
f) v[x(t )] = ∫ ( x 2 + x ′ 2 − 2tx)dt ; x(0) = 0, x(2) = 3 .
0

[[Pre x = (sinh t )(sinh 2) −1 + t - silné minimum. ]]