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US History I-B

Chapter 1 Essential Questions: Many cultures Meet

1. What migrational theories have scholars proposed about the how and where
and how the first Americans migrated to America? P4-5

2. What diverse cultures emerged in North America? P5

3. What cultural advances did the Olmec, Maya, and Aztec achieve in along the
Gulf Coast and Central America? P5

4. What early Indian cultures developed in the southwest and Mississippi River
Valley? P6-7

5. What did the Great Plains Indians and Apache’s survival depend on? P9

6. What lifestyle did the Eastern Woodland Indians favor?

7. What cultural features did most Native Americans favor?

8. How did the Crusades benefit the people of Europe?

9. What new ideas did the Renaissance inspire? P13

10.Why did Europeans seek new trade routes? P13

11.What new devices enabled the Portuguese to explore Africa?

12.What did the Kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai supply the
Mediterranean region with? P14-16

13.What sort of trade did the Portuguese exploit? 19

14.What trade routes did Bartolomeo Dias and Vasco de Gama help Portugal
exploit? P20

15.Why did Columbus seek a new route to China? P21

16.Why did Columbus refer to the people living on the islands of the Bahamas as
Indians? P22

17.Why did Columbus use force (violence) against the Indians that lived on the
island of Hispaniola? P22

18.What lands did the Treaty of Tordesillas say Spain and Portugal could claim?
P22-23
19.Why did nobody bother to consult the Native Americans? P23

20.What new lands did John Cabot, Pedro Alvarez Cabral, Amerigo Vespucci, and
Ferdinand Magellan explore? P23

21.Why did Hernan Cortes wish to conquer and plunder the Aztec Empire? P23

22.What superior weapons enabled Francisco Pizarro to conquer the powerful

Incas of Peru? P24

23.What disease virtually destroyed the Indians of Hispaniola (Taino, Arawaks,

and Caribes)? P24

24.What livestock and plants did Europeans introduce to America? P26

25.What Indian plants did Europeans import to Europe? P26