f.

Pathophysiology

NON MODIFIABLE MODIFIABLE

>Heredity >Cigarette smoking

>Age
>Hypertension
>Gender
>Elevated serum cholesterol

>Physical inactivity

Cause:

Pleural Effusion

Reduced myocardial Increases cardiac workload

contractility

Decreased diastolic filling

Obstruction of right atrial emptying

Contraction of right sided atrial filling

Increase right atrial

Right sided CHF Blood drains back from RV to
pressure
RA
s/s: engorgement of jugular vein

Hepatomegaly

Hypertension
Increased pressure in the veins
ascites

Peripheral edema

Slpeenomegaly
 Reduced myocardial contractility

Increases cardiac workload

Decreased diastolic filling

Obstructions of left atrial emptying

Bloods dams back into

Left sided CHF Left atrial pressure
the pulmonary capillary
bed

Stroke volume decreases

Pressure at the
pulmonary capillary bed
Tissue perfusion
Bloods flow to the kidneys
decreases

Pulmonary edema Cellular hypoxia

RAAS stimulation

Vasoconstriction and
reabsorption of Na and water

Pulmonary edema Cellular hypoxia ECF volume

Total blood volume

Systemic BP

S/S