oSHOCK – is a condition in which the cardiovascular system fails to perfuse the tissue

adequately, resulting in widespread impairment of cellular metabolism.

Precipitating Factors Predisposing Factors

> Hemorrhage > Age (young & elderly)
> Burns > Environment
> Dehydration > Lifestyle
> Leakage of fluid into interstitial space
> Hemothorax
> Diarrhea, Vomiting

Circulation
Decreasing circulatory blood flow
Decrease stroke volume
Decrease cardiac output

Chemoreceptors: detect the decreasing blood volume

SNS Activated Heart Lungs Adrenal medullary activation

Increase decrease increase lung KAA system stimulated

catecholamines pumping capacity
mechanism
intense vasoconstriction
Arterial increase V/Q on peripheral area
constriction increase ration
s/sx: increase BP contractility s/sx: increase Increase blood supply in
blood oxygen vital organ
Increase increase RR
cardiac output
Water absorbs in
s/sx: increase HR circulation

Progressive decrease of
blood volume

Compensatory
Tissue hypoxia
mechanism

Vascular system failure

Decrease blood
oxygenation
Decrease hemo & tissue
perfusion