LEARNING

PRESENTED BY
ASHISH JAISWAL
Learning
Learning

Learning
Any relatively permanent change in
behavior that occurs as a result of
experience.

Learning
Learning
••Involves
Involveschange
change
••Is
Isrelatively
relativelypermanent
permanent
••Is
Isacquired
acquiredthrough
throughexperience
experience

2–2
Theories
Theories of
of Learning
Learning

Classical Conditioning
A type of conditioning in which an individual
responds to some stimulus that would not
ordinarily produce such a response.

Key
KeyConcepts
Concepts
••Unconditioned
Unconditionedstimulus
stimulus
••Unconditioned
Unconditionedresponse
response
••Conditioned
Conditionedstimulus
stimulus
••Conditioned
Conditionedresponse
response
MODELS: PAVLOV’S DOG
 Theories
Theories of
of Learning
Learning (cont’d)
(cont’d)

Operant Conditioning
A type of conditioning in which desired voluntary
behavior leads to a reward or prevents a
punishment.
Key
KeyConcepts
Concepts
**Reinforcement
Reinforcementisisaaconsequence
consequencethat
thatcauses
causesaabehavior
behaviorto
tooccur
occurwi
w
greater
greaterfrequency.
frequency.
**Punishment
Punishmentisisaaconsequence
consequencethat
thatcauses
causesaabehavior
behaviorto
tooccur
occurwith
with
less
lessfrequency.
frequency.
**Extinction
Extinctionisisthe
thelack
lackof
ofany
anyconsequence
consequencefollowing
followingaabehavior.
behavior.
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THEORIES
THEORIES OF
OF LEARNING
LEARNING (CONT’D)
(CONT’D)

 Operant conditioning powerful tool for managing people

in organization

 Management can use the operant conditioning process

successfully to control and influence the behavior of
employees by manipulating the reward system
Theories
Theories of
of Learning
Learning (cont’d)
(cont’d)

Social-Learning Theory
People can learn through
observation and direct experience.

Key
KeyConcepts
Concepts
••Attentional
Attentionalprocesses
processes
••Retention
Retentionprocesses
processes
••Motor
Motorreproduction
reproductionprocesses
processes
••Reinforcement
Reinforcementprocesses
processes

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