PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Normal Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery

Coitus

Fertilization

Zygote

Morula

Blastocysts

Implantation

Fetal Development

Fetus reaches maturity (10 lunar months)

Decrease progesterone and Pressure on the cervix

increase estrogen level by the fetal head

Release of prostaglandin Stimulation of the posterior

from uterine cells pituitary gland to release
oxytocin

Oxytocin acts on the smooth

muscle of the gravid uterus
to contract

Oxytocin together with prostaglandin further initiates uterine contraction

Labor process
 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

1st stage 2nd stage 3rd stage 4th stage

Placental stage (post partum period)
Ischemia full cervical dilatation
and effacement placental separation continuation of
Anoxia to uterine uterine contaction
Cells and tissue mechanism of labor placental expulsion
Sealing off of
Labor pains NSVD placental site

Preventing
Hemorrhage
After pains