XIII.

Medical Management

Drug Name Mechanism of Indication Side Effects/ Contraindication Nursing

Action Adverse Reaction Considerations
Generic Name: Oxytocin is a Labor induction Slow heart rate Significant Monitor fetal
Oxytocin protein produced cephalopelvic heart rate.
Postpartum bleeding Fast heart rate
by the pituitary disproportion
Brand Name: Monitor
gland of mammals To precipitate labor Premature
Syntocinon, Unfavorable fetal maternal status
including man. ventricular
Pitocin To accelerate positions or including blood
Pitocin is a man- complexes and other
Dosage, Route, made version of normal presentations pressure, pulse,
irregular heartbeats
and Frequency: oxytocin used for parturition and frequency,
(arrhythmias) Obstetric emergencies
duration, and
stimulating Postpartum evacuation that favor surgery
o.5-1 Permanent central intensity of
mUnit/min contraction of the of uterine debris nervous system Fetal distress contractions.
through iv q15- uterus. Oxytocin (CNS) or brain where delivery
works by Postoperative Monitor fluid
60 min damage, and death
increasing the contraction of the is not imminent
balance.
uterus following secondary to
Classification: concentration of Adequate uterine
calcium inside Cesarean section and suffocation Monitor for
Pharmacologic muscle cells that activity fails to achieve postpartum or
control of uterine Neonatal seizure
class: Oxytoxic control contraction satisfactory progress
hemorrhage. postabortion
of the uterus. Neonatal yellowing Hyperactive or hemorrhage.
Therapeutic Because of Oxytocin's
Increased calcium of skin or eyes hypertonic uterus
class: milk ejecting effect, it Monitor
(jaundice)
Hormones and increases will contract smooth Contraindicated lactation status.
synthetic contraction of the muscle cells of the Fetal death vaginal delivery
substitutes uterus. Assess
mammary gland for
Low Apgar score (5 Hypersensitivity contractions.
milk letdown if the
minute)
nipple is in proper Assess
Uteroplacental Fetal distress,
physiological state. materna
hypoperfusion and polyhydramnios,
partial placenta previa, l electrolytes.
References: variable deceleration prematurity, Assess fetus
of fetal heart rate borderline May cause
Drug Bank. (13 June
cephalopelvic painful
2005). Inadequate fetal disproportion, contractions
Oxytocin. oxygen levels previous major
https://go.drugbank.co (hypoxia) May cause
surgery of cervix or
m/drug s/DB00107 uterine tetany
Perinatal hepatic uterus (including C-
MedicineNet. (05 necrosis section), over- May cause
March 2019). Oxytocin distension of uterus, coma and
(Pitocin). Fetal hypercapnia grand multiparity, seizures in
Retrieved from Severe decreases in invasive cervical mother
https://www.medicinen maternal systolic carcinoma, history of
et.com Can cause
and diastolic blood uterine sepsis or
/oxytocin- asphyxia in
pressure, increases traumatic delivery
injectable/article.htm fetus
in heart rate, Hyperstimulation of
systemic venous Can cause ICH
the uterus, with strong
return and cardiac in fetus
(hypertonic) and/or
output, and prolonged (tetanic)
arrhythmia contractions, or a
resting uterine tone of
15-20 mm H2O
between contractions
may occur, possibly
resulting in uterine
rupture, cervical and
vaginal lacerations,
postpartum
hemorrhage, abruptio