‫‪ ١٠‬ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ‪UPS‬‬
‫ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ‪ UPS‬ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨــﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻟــﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺕ ﺑـﺮﻕ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺕ ﺑـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑـﺮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺧـﺴﺎﺭﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺁﻭﺭﻧــــــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﺷــــــﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪Surges and Spikes‬‬
‫)ﺍﻓـــﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬـــﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻟﺘــﺎﮊ(‪ :‬ﺍﺳﺎﺳـﹰﺎ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻘــﺪﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺯﻳـ ـﺎﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺣـــﺪ ﺍﺳـــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻄـﻮﻁ‬
‫ﺍﺻـــﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣـــﻲﺷـــﻮﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻓـــﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬـــﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﻟﺘـــﺎﮊ‬
‫ﻣـ ـﻲﮔﻮﻳﻨـــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳـ ـﻦ ﻧـــﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﻧﻘـﺺ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻢ ﺷـﺒﮑﻪ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﻭ ﻳـﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﻭﺳـﻴﻠﻪ ﺻـﺎﻋﻘﻪ ﺍﻳﺠـﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﻡ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﻃـﻮﻝ ﺑﮑـﺸﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ‪ ٢٤٠‬ﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ‪ ١٠٠٠‬ﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴـﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺮﺳـﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺕ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺪ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﮐـﺎﺭ ﺍﻓﺘـﺎﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﻣـﻞ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳـﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺳـﻴﺪﻥ ﺁﺳـﻴﺐ ﺳـﺨﺖﺍﻓـﺰﺍﺭﻱ ﺑـﻪ ﻗﻄﻌـﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ ‪ ،CPU‬ﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﻫـﺎﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺴﮏ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ )‪ (Power‬ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪Spikes‬ﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺟﺮﻗﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻟﺤﻈﻪﺍﻱ ﻭ ﺁﻧـﻲ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎﮊ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪) Sags and Brownouts‬ﺍﻓﺖ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ(‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧـﻮﻉ ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﻳـﮏ ﺍﻓــﺖ ﺑــﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮐﻮﺗــﺎﻩ ﻭﻟﺘــﺎﮊ ﺍﻃــﻼﻕ ﻣـﻲﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻃــﻮﻝ ﻳـﮏ ﺍﻓــﺖ ﮐﻮﺗــﺎﻩ‬
‫)‪ ،(Brownout‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣـﺪﺗﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﺣﺎﻟـﺖ ﻋـﺎﺩﻱ ﺑـﺎﺯ‬
‫ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺭﺍﻳﺞ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻭ ﻣـﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺪ ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ ﺍﺯ ﮐـﺎﺭ ﺍﻓﺘـﺎﺩﻥ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ )‪ (Crash‬ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳـﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫـﺎ ﺷـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ ﻣﻤﮑـﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺠـﺮ ﺑـﻪ ﻣـﺸﮑﻼﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻢ ﺷـﻤﺎ ﺷـﻮﺩ ﮐـﻪ ﻫﺮﮔـﺰ ﺗـﺼﻮﺭ ﻧﮑﻨﻴـﺪ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﺗﺎﻥ ﺭﺑﻄﻲ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺗﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‪ :‬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺧﺎﺻـﻲ‬
‫ﻗﻔﻞ ﮐﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻱ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎﻳﺘﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻔﻘﻮﺩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤـﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ CMOS‬ﭘﺎﮎ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻣـﺎﻧﻴﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺷـﮑﻞ ﻃﺒﻴﻌـﻲ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﺧـﺎﺭﺝ ﺷـﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻬﮕـﺎﻩ ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﻤﺎ ﭘﻴﻐـﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺧﻄﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪) Lightning Strikes‬ﺻﺎﻋﻘﻪ(‪ :‬ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑـﺮ ﺍﺛـﺮ ﺻـﺎﻋﻘﻪ‬
‫ﺁﺷﮑﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﮏ ﺻﺎﻋﻘﻪ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻳﮏ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﮐﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺻﺎﺑﺖ ﻣـﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺻـﺎﻋﻘﻪ ﻣـﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺪ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻤﻲ ﺭﺍ ﮐـﻪ ﺑـﺎ‬
‫‪ UPS‬ﻫﻢ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻨﺪﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺧﻮﺷـﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺻـﺎﺑﺖ ﺻـﺎﻋﻘﻪﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺪﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫـﺎ ﺑـﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺛﺮ ﺻﺎﻋﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻤﹰﺎ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺻﺎﻋﻘﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﹰﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﮐﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺁﻥ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺖ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺻﺎﻋﻘﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﮐﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺩﻭﺭﺗـﺮ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪٦٩‬‬
‫ﺍﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺣﻴﻮﺭﻱ‬
‫‪ebrahim.heivari@gmail.com‬‬
‫‪UPS‬ﻫــﺎ )‪ ،(Uninterruptible power supplies‬ﺑــﺎ ﻣﻌــﺎﺩﻝ ﻓﺎﺭﺳـﻲ "ﻣﻨﺒــﻊ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﻲﻭﻗﻔﻪ"‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧـﺪ ﺗـﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴـﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑـﻲ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻫـﺎ ﻭ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻲ ﻭ ‪ . . .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺗﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻧﻘﺺ ﻣﻮﻗـﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺒـﻊ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ )ﺑﺮﻕ ﺷﻬﺮﻱ ﻭ ‪ (. . .‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘـﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‪UPS ،‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻭ ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺣﻴـﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛـﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻫـﺎ ﻭ ﺳـﺎﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑـﺮ ﺍﺛـﺮ ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﻥ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﻭ ﻳـﺎ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﮑـﺎﺕ ﻣﻬـﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻬﻴـﻪ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻳـﺪ ﻳـﮏ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ‪ UPS‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺤﻞ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ )ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨـﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺘﺮﻡ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺑﻔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺾ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﮔﺮﺍﻑ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﮐـﺮﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺮﻕ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﺝ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻴﺘﻮﺭ ﺯﻝ ﺯﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺰﻣـﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﻮﺷـﺘﻦ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺗﻌﺠﺐ ﮐﺮﺩﻡ!(‪.‬‬
‫ﭼﺮﺍ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ‪ UPS‬ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ؟‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﺩﺭﮎ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﻧﻴ ـﺎﺯ ﺑــﻪ ‪ ،UPS‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻃﻼﻋــﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷـﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﮕـﻲ ﺑـﺎ ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻝ ﻗﻄـﻊ ﻣـﻮﻗﺘﻲ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﻳـﺎ‬
‫‪ blackout‬ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﻫﻢ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻫﻤـﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻻ ﺑـﺎ ﺁﻧﻬـﺎ ﮐﻤﺘـﺮ ﺁﺷـﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻳـﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ‪Spikes :‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﮎ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎ ﹰ‬
‫)ﺟﺮﻗﻪﻫﺎ(‪) Surges ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎﮊ(‪) brownout ،‬ﮐـﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎﮊ(‪ ،‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺳﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ‪) blackout‬ﻗﻄﻊ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮﻕ(‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻣـﻲﺭﺳـﺪ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﮏ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺻﺪﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺕ ﺑـﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺷـﻲ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﺫﺧﻴـﺮﻩ ﻧﻤـﻮﺩﻩﺍﻳـﺪ ﻭ ﻳـﺎ ﺳـﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴـﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜـﻲ ﺷـﻤﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺻﺪﻣﻪ ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺻﻮﻻ ﻣﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻔﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺧـﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻴﺪ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻳـﻚ ﺩﺳـﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬
‫‪ ،UPS‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪/١١‬‬
‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ UPS ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﺩﺭﻭﻧﻲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋـﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻋــﻴﻦ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺍﮔــﺮ ﻧﮕــﻮﻳﻴﻢ ))ﻫﻤــﻪ(( ﻭﻟــﻲ ﺍﮐﺜــﺮ‬
‫ﻗﻄﻌﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻲﮐﺸﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﮐــﻪ ﻳـﮏ ‪ UPS‬ﺑــﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴــﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻴﺎﻟﻲ ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻗﻄﻌﻲ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﻳـﺪ‪ .‬ﺿـﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜـﻪ‬
‫ﻳ ـﮏ ‪ UPS‬ﻗــﻮﻳﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻏــﻮﺏﺗــﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑــﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎ ﺍﻣﮑــﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺗـﺎ ﻭﺻـﻞ ﺷـﺪﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻤﺘﺎﻥ ﮐـﺎﺭ ﮐﻨﻴـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳـﺪ ﺟﻴـﺐ ﭘ‪‬ـﺮﻱ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷـﻴﺪ! ﻭ‬
‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ‪ UPS‬ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺳـﺘﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪﺭﻳـﺰﻱ‬
‫ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷـﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻌـﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ‪UPS‬ﻫـﺎﻱ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻤﻨـﺪﺗﺮ ﻧﻴـﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣـﻲﮐﻨﻨـﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻣـﺪﺕ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷـﻦ ﻣﺎﻧـﺪﻥ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻳﮏ ‪ UPS‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑـﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺠـﺮ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﻫــﻢ ﻣ ـﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﻭﻟﺘــﺎﮊ ﺧﻄﺮﻧــﺎﮐﻲ ﺑــﻪ ﮐﺎﺑــﻞﻫــﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺑـﻞ ﺍﺻـﻠﻲ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺘـﺎﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﺣﺘﻲ ﺧﻂ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻨﺪ )ﺳـﻴﻢ ﮐـﺸﻲ ﺑـﺮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﮐـﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴـﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻨـﻲ ﻣـﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﺧــﺪﺍ ﺑــﻪ ﻣــﺎ ﺭﺣــﻢ ﮐﻨــﺪ ﮐــﻪ ﺗﻴﺮﻫــﺎﻱ ﺑــﺮﻕ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺳﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻓﺮﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧـﺪ!(‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻭﺿـﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫ﻳ ـﮏ ‪ UPS‬ﻣﺮﻏــﻮﺏ ﻣ ـﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﺧﻄ ـﻮﻁ ﺑــﺮﻕ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﻨــﻲ ﺭﺍ ﮐــﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﺗــﺎﻥ ﻣﺘــﺼﻞ ﻫــﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﮑﺘــﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﮔــﺮ ﮐــﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﺘــﺎﻃﻲ ﻫــﺴﺘﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗــﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺻﺎﻋﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗـﺎ ﻗﻄـﻊ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﻮﻓﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﻲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻳﺰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺑﮑـﺸﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻴﻢ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﭘـﻼﮎ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪) Blackouts‬ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺷـﻲ ﻣﻄﻠــﻖ ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻠــﺖ‬
‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﮐﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﻕ(‪ :‬ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺷﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺑـﻪ ﻃـﻮﺭ‬

‫ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ‪UPS‬‬ ‫•‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻓﻮﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺕ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﮑـﻪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﭼﻪ ﮐـﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺎﺷـﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻔـﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔـﺮ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻢ‬
‫‪ ٣‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ‪ UPS‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﻱ ﺧﺎﺹ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﮑﺎﺭ)‪ (Idle‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺕ ﺟﺰﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣـﺎ ﺍﮔـﺮ ﻣـﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﺳـﺮ ﻭ ﮐﻠـﻪ‬
‫ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ‪ UPS‬ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑـﺎ ﺫﮐـﺮ ﻣﺰﺍﻳـﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻳـﺐ‬ ‫ﺯﺩﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ )‪ (RAM‬ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷـﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺟﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﮐـﻪ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﺎ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﻳﻞﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﻗـﺖ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻪ‬
‫‪Offline UPS / Standby UPS‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ ﻭ‬
‫‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ ،Offline‬ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺑـﻪ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑـﻪ ﻭﺳـﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧــﺎﺕ ﻣــﻀﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺧــﺘﻼﻝﺯﺍ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣــﺎﻧﻲ ﮐــﻪ ﺑــﺮﻕ ﻗﻄــﻊ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺑــﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﺻــﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺪﻟﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ‪ AC‬ﻭﺻـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺻﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺑـﻪ ﻭﺟـﻮﺩ ﺁﻣـﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠـﻲ ﻭ‬ ‫‪) Line Noise‬ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺯﻳﺖ ﺧﻂ(‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻪ ﻭﺳـﻴﻠﻪ ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ‪ UPS‬ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴـﺎﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺠﻬﻴـﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﺘـﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﻭ ﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘـﻪ ﻣﻴـﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺸﺨـﺼﻲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﮐﻨﻨـﺪ‪ .‬ﺯﻣـﺎﻧﻲ ﮐـﻪ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﺧﻄـﻮﻁ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺑـﻪ ﺣﺎﻟـﺖ ﻋـﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺯﻳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻳﮏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺿـﻤﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ‪ UPS ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻃـﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﮐـﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳـﻪ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻬـﺮﻩ ﻣـﻲﮔﻴـﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧـﻮﻉ ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻝ ﻣـﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺪ ﻣﻮﺟـﺐ ﻣـﺸﮑﻼﺕ ﺣـﺎﺩ ﻭ‬
‫ﻻ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﺸﮕﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺯﻳﺖﻫﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳـﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﻴـﺪﺍﻥﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴﻲ ﻧﺰﺩﻳـﮏ‬
‫ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻫﻲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ ٤‬ﺗﺎ ‪ ١٠‬ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻲﮐﺸﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻠﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﻴـﺮ ﻣﺎﺷـﻴﻦﺁﻻﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ‪ :‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩﻱ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺑـﻲ ﺻـﺪﺍ )ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟـﺖ ﺁﻣـﺎﺩﻩ ﺑـﻪ ﮐـﺎﺭ ﻳـﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻮﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠـﺎﺩ ﺷـﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺯﻳـﺖﻫـﺎ‬
‫‪ ،(Standby‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺳﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻧـﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫـﺎ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ ﺧﺮﺍﺑـﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ‪ :‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﺟﺰﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﻕ )ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻧـﺪﮐﻲ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ(‪ ،‬ﻗﻄﻌـﻲ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕـﺎﻡ ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻄـﻮﻁ‬
‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑـﻪ ﺑـﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌـﻀﻲ ﻣـﻮﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻈـﻴﻢ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎﮊ ﺧﺮﻭﺟـﻲ‬
‫)‪ (Output voltage regulation‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ )ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺗـﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ‬ ‫‪ UPS‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ؟‬ ‫•‬
‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ UPS‬ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻤﮑـﻦ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻢ ﺁﺳـﻴﺐ‬ ‫‪ UPS‬ﺑﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﮐﻤﮑﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ(‪ ،‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ‪) Failsafe‬ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ‪ ،Failsafe‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻻ ‪ UPS‬ﻳ ـﮏ ﻗــﺴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻴ ـﺴﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣــﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻗﻄــﻊ ﺑــﺮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﻪ ﻋﻬــﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻤــﻮ ﹰ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ‪ UPS‬ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﺻـﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺮﻕ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺰﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﻕ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺮﻳـﺰ( ﻭ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻢ ﺷـﻤﺎ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﻣـﻲﮔﻴـﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﮐﻨﺪ(‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ‪ UPS‬ﻫﺮ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺗـﻲ ﺭﺍ ﮐـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺘـﺼﻞ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺑﻴـﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻫـﺪﻑ ﺍﺻـﻠﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ‪ UPS‬ﻳﻌﻨـﻲ ﺁﺳـﻴﺐ‬
‫‪Line-Interactive UPS‬‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺷﻤﺎﺳﺖ! ﺯﻳـﺮﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠـﺎﻳﻲ ﻛـﻪ ﺍﺑﺘـﺪﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮﺩﻱ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Offline‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑـﺎ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺗﻔـﺎﻭﺕ‬ ‫‪ UPS‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﻣـﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﹰﺎ ﺍﺯ ﭘـﻼﮎ ﺑـﺮﻕ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﻓﻴﻠﺘﺮ ﮐـﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴـﺖ ﺗﻨﻈـﻴﻢ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ‪/‬ﮐـﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎﮊ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻨﺎ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻭﺻـﻞ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪UPS ،‬ﻫـﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻳـﮏ‬
‫ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ‪UPS‬ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﻫـﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ )‪ ،(Filtering‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗـﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺑـﺪﻭﻥ ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴـﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻭﺳـﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺘـﺼﻞ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺑـﻪ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈـﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ "ﺧﺎﻟﺺ" ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﻧـﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻟـﻲ ﺯﻣـﺎﻧﻲ ﮐـﻪ ﺑـﺮﻕ‬
‫ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﺑـﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﻴـﺮ ﺍﻓـﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭ ﮐـﺎﻫﺶ‬

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪٦٩‬‬ ‫‪/١٢‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪UPS‬ﻫـﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻴﻤـﺖ ﺑـﺎﻻﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗﻄﻊ ﮐﺎﻣـﻞ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺯﻳـﺖ ﺧــﻂﻫــﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬

‫ﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫•‬ ‫ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻧــﻮﻉ ‪ ،UPS‬ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴــﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻳﮏ ‪ UPS‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﺗﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨـﺪ ﻋﺎﻣـﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈ ـﻴﻢ ﻭﻟﺘــﺎﮊ ﻧــﺴﺒﺘﹰﺎ ﺿــﻌﻴﻔﻲ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ :‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺗﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﻣﻲﺑـﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻗﺒـﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﮑـﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ ﻣـﺪﺕ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷـﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻳــﺎﻥ ﺍﺻــﻠﻲ ﺑــﻪ ﺳﻴــﺴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻲﮐﻨـﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ‪ ،UPS‬ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﺍﺯ ‪ ،UPS‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫‪UPS‬ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮐـﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨـﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻮﺭﺕ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ‪UPS‬ﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎﻳـﺪ ﮔﻔـﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧـﻮﻉ ‪ Online‬ﺑﻴـﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘـﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈـﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺍﺋـﻪ‬ ‫‪ ، Line-Interactive‬ﻭﻟﺘــﺎﮊ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣـﻲﮐﻨـﺪ‪ .‬ﺿـﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜـﻪ ﺍﻏﻠـﺐ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﺺﺗﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺘﺮﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ Offline‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨـﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﻴـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻴـﺸﺘﺮ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺧﺮﻳـﺪ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻧـﻮﻉ ﺍﺯ ‪ ،UPS‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺠﻬﻴـﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﮐﻠﻴﺪﻱ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣـﺮﻱ ﭘـﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻨﻲ ﻧﻴـﺴﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧــﻪ ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺠﻬﻴـﺰﺍﺕ ﺣــﺴﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﻧﻨــﺪ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻢﻫــﺎﻱ ﺗﻠﻔﻨـﻲ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ‪ :‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻲ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ‪Online / Double‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺮﻭﺭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ Conversion‬ﻫــﺴﺘﻨﺪ )ﮐــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺑــﺎ ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﺁﺷــﻨﺎ ﻣ ـﻲﺷــﻮﻳﻢ(‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋــﻪ ﺳــﻄﺢ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ Standby‬ﻭ ‪ Line-interactive‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺘﻲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ ،Offline‬ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮﺩﻱ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﻭ ﺑـﻲ ﺻـﺪﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟـﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻕ ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﺭ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻥ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﺭﺥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﺭﺳـﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻧـﻮﻉ ‪UPS‬ﻫـﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺐ‪ :‬ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺗﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺟﺮﻗﻪﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺻـﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺩﺭﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺳﺮﭘﺎ ﻧﮕـﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﻲ ﻣﻤﮑـﻦ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲﺗﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑـﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﺑـﻪ ﺣﺎﻟـﺖ ﻋـﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻋـﺪﻡ‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌــﻀﻲ ﻣــﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﮕــﻮ ﻧﺒﺎﺷــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻧــﻮﻉ ‪ UPS‬ﺑــﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺘـﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ‪Failsafe‬‬
‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨـﺪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺣﻠـﻲ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺗـﻲ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻫـﺎﻱ ﺗـﮏ ﮐـﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻱ ﻭ ﻳـﺎ‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﮑﺲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪Online / Double Conversion UPS‬‬
‫‪UPS‬ﻫــﺎﻱ ‪ Line-interactive‬ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻨــﺎﻃﻘﻲ ﮐــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺧــﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺑــﺮﻕ ﺑــﻪ‬ ‫‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Online‬ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Continuous‬ﻫﻢ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ‪AC‬‬
‫ﺩﻓﻌﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺧـﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺑﻴـﺸﺘﺮ ﺯﻣـﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ‪ AC‬ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻨﺪﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣـﺪﺍﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺭﺥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﭘﺮﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ )‪ (Power-Hungry‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻗـﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣـﻲﮐﻨـﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔـﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻟـﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻫﻮﺍ ﻭ ﮐﻮﻟﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﺎﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺗﺒﹰﺎ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺘﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻕ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪ‪ UPS ،‬ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺩﺭﻭﻧﻲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻫﺪﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺗﺮﻱﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺒـﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺻـﻠﻲ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺑـﻪ ﺣﺎﻟـﺖ‬
‫ﺩﺭﻭﻧﻲ ‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ ، Line-interactive‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻻﺕ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎﻥ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺑـﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ‪ UPS ،‬ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﺮﻕ ‪ AC‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺻـﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺋﻖ ﺁﻣﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻲﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ‪ ،UPS‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠـﺖ ﻣـﻮﺝﻫـﺎﻳﻲ ﮐـﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ‪ UPS‬ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ‪ ٢٢٠ AC‬ﻭﻟﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ‪ DC‬ﻣﻲﮐﻨـﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‪ ١٢٠‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑـﺎ ﻭﻗﻔـﻪﻫـﺎﻱ ‪ ٢‬ﻣﻴﻠـﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ‪ DC‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﺲ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪﺍﻱ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮏ ‪ UPS‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ ،off-line‬ﺍﮔـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺩﺭﻭﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺧﺮﻭﺟـﻲ ‪ ٢٢٠‬ﻭﻟـﺖ ‪ AC‬ﺑﺎﺯﺳـﺎﺯﻱ ﻣـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑـﺮﻕ ‪ AC‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ ‪ ١‬ﺗـﺎ ‪ ٤‬ﻣﻴﻠـﻲ ﺛﺎﻧﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﻼ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮ ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨـﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ‪ AC‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮐﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﹰﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﻗﻔﻪ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺻـﻮﺭﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻟﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜـﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪UPS ،‬ﻫـﺎﻱ ‪Off-Line‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺲ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﹰﺎ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨـﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻـﻞ ﺷـﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻧﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮐﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺿﻤﻨﺎ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﻱ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ‪ UPS‬ﺭﺍ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﮕﻮﻱ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‬ ‫‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Online‬ﻗﺎﺩﺭﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎﮊ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣـﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻳـﮏ ﻗﻄـﻊ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺳـﺎﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧـﻮﻉ ‪Off-Line‬‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﻲ ﻏﻴـﺮ ﺿـﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺣـﺬﻑ ﮐﻨﻨـﺪ‪ .‬ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮﻭﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ Online‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺾ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫﺎ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻋـﻴﻦ ﺣـﺎﻝ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﺻـﺪ ﮐﻮﭼـﮏ ﺷﺨـﺼﻲ‪/‬ﺗﺠـﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻲﺩﺭﻧﮓ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻫﻴﭽﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﻗﻔﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻳـﻦ‬
‫‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Line-Interactive‬ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ‪UPS‬ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ‪ Failsafe‬ﻭ ‪ self-diagnostic‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﻧـﺪ‬
‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﮐﻪ ‪ UPS‬ﺍﺯ ﮐـﺎﺭ ﻣـﻲﺍﻓﺘـﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﮐـﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺷـﻤﻨﺪﺍﻧﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎ‪ :‬ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ‪ ،Failsafe‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻭﻗﻔﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻘـﺎﻝ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺑـﻪ ﺑـﺎﺗﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻐﺬﻳـﻪ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻗﻄﻊ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﻮﻱ‬

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪٦٩‬‬ ‫‪/١٣‬‬

‫ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﺕ )‪ (Watt‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺑـﺮﻕ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻭﻟﺖ ﺁﻣﭙﺮ ‪ Watts/VA‬ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷـﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔـﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﻮﺍﺝ )‪ (Waveforms‬ﺑــﻪ ﮐــﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘــﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺷﻤﺎ ‪ ١٠٠‬ﻭﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻳـﮏ ‪ UPS‬ﺑـﺎ ﻧـﺮﺥ ‪ ١٦٧‬ﻭﻟـﺖ‬
‫‪ UPS‬ﭼﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﮐﺪﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺒﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺁﻣﭙﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ‪UPS‬ﻫﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ VA‬ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﻓﺮﺍﺗـﺮ ﺭﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨـﻮﺯ ﻫـﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ VA‬ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﹰﺎ ﺳﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻱ ‪ UPS‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫‪) Square Wave -١‬ﻣـﻮﺝ ﻣﺮﺑﻌـﻲ ﻳـﺎ ﭼﻬـﺎﺭﮔﻮﺵ( ‪) Sine Wave -٢‬ﻣـﻮﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ ،VA‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻭﺟﻪ ﻧﻤـﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨـﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﮐـﺎﺭ ﺧـﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ( ‪) Quasi-Sine Wave -٣‬ﻣﻮﺝ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ(‬
‫ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﻠﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ‪ UPS‬ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻲ ﺷـﻤﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺘـﻲ‬
‫ﻫﺮ ‪ ٣‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺲﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑـﻪ ﻃـﺮﺯ ﺛﺎﺑـﺖ ﻭ ﺑـﺎ ﺩﻭﺍﻣـﻲ‬
‫ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ‪ ٢٥‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺜـﺎﻝ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻴـﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻴـﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎﮊ ﺧﺮﻭﺟـﻲ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑـﻪ‬
‫ﻳﮏ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺭﻭﻣﻴﺰﻱ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ‪ ٣٠٠‬ﺗﺎ ‪ ٤٠٠‬ﻭﻟﺖ ﺁﻣﭙﺮ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﻳـﮏ‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻦ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﮔـﺮﻡ ﺷـﺪﻥ‬
‫‪ UPS‬ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ‪ ٥٠٠‬ﻭﻟﺖ ﺁﻣﭙﺮ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ )‪ (Power‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻﹰﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻳﮏ ﻫﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻳﺴﮏ ﻭ ﻳﮏ ﺳﻲ ﺩﻱ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻳﮏ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ ،Online‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﺩﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ‪ PCI‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ‪ ٣٥٠‬ﻭﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺑـﺎ ﻳـﮏ‬
‫‪ UPS‬ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ‪)VA ٥٠٠‬ﻭﻟﺖ ﺁﻣﭙﺮ( ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔـﺮ ﺩﻭ‬
‫ﻫﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻳﺴﮏ ﻭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﻲ ﺩﻱ ﺩﺭﺍﻳـﻮ ﺩﺍﺭﻳـﺪ ﻭ ﺑـﻪ ﻳـﮏ ﺷـﺒﮑﻪ ‪ LAN‬ﻫـﻢ ﻣﺘـﺼﻞ‬
‫ﻫــﺴﺘﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﮐــﺎﺭﺕ ﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴـﮏ ﻭ ﮐــﺎﺭﺕ ﺻــﺪﺍ )ﻏﻴــﺮ ‪ (Onboard‬ﻫــﻢ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ‪ ٤٥٠‬ﻭﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮏ ‪ ٦٥٠ UPS‬ﻭﻟـﺖ ﺁﻣﭙـﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻟﺖ ﺁﻣﭙﺮﻱ ﮐﻪ ‪ UPS‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻔﻬﻤﻴﻢ ﮐﻪ ‪ UPS‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻗﺖ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺍﺳﻤﻲ ﺑـﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﮑـﻲ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻤﺘـﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮﺭﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ‪ UPS‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﺪﻳـﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟـﻮﮊﻱ ﺑـﻪ ﮐـﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﺧﺖ ‪،UPS‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Lead-Acid‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑـﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫـﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎﮊ‬
‫ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﻫـﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺿـﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜـﻪ ﺑـﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫـﺎﻳﻲ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻇﺮﻓﻴـﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻤﻲ ‪ ١٢‬ﺗﺎ ‪ ٤٨‬ﻭﻟﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ ‪ ٢٠٠‬ﻭﻟـﺖ‬
‫ﺁﻣﭙﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫﺎﻱ ‪ UPS‬ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﺑـﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺪﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻦ ﺷﻮﻳﺪ ﮐﻪ ‪ UPS‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈـﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴـﺖ ﻧﮕﻬـﺪﺍﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫﺎﻱ ‪ Lead-Acid‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺝﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺝﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺒـﻊ ﺑﻬﺘـﺮﻱ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗـﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺳـﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻣﻮﺍﺝ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ ﺭﺍﺣـﺖﺗـﺮﻳﻦ ﻧـﻮﻉ ﻣـﻮﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ ﻫـﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣـﻮﺝﻫـﺎﻱ ﺷـﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﺳﺨﺖﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﻮﺝﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﮑﻞﺗـﺮﻳﻦ ﻧـﻮﻉ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈـﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺝﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺻﻮﻟﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﺍﺻـﻮﻝ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ ﻣـﻮﺝﻫـﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺝﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﮑﺎﻧﻲ)ﺷﺒﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ( ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻌﺖ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺗﻔـﺎﻭﺕ ﮐـﻪ‬
‫ﻳﮏ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ )‪ (Filtering‬ﻳﺎ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺎ ﻣﻮﺝﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻳﮏ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺯﻳﺖ ﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ‪ UPS‬ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈـﺮ‬ ‫•‬ ‫ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ‪ DC‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺝﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳـﺖ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺝﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝﺗﺮﻱ ﺑـﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ ﻭﻟﺘـﺎﮊ‬
‫ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣـﻮﺝﻫـﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄـﻪ ﺍﻭﺝ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻣﻲﻣﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﻳﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻣﻮﺍﺝ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻭﺝ ﻣﺎﻧـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺒـﻊ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ‪DC‬‬
‫‪UPS‬ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻴﻤـﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧـﺸﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﻗﻄـﻊ ﺑـﺮﻕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﮏ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ‪ DC‬ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻣﻄﻠـﻮﺏ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ ٢‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺗﺎ ‪ ١٢‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧـﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘـﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ )ﺷﻜﻞ ﻓﻮﻕ(‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕـﺎﻡ ﺍﻧﺘﺨـﺎﺏ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ‪UPS‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ ١٠‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘـﻪ ﺑـﺮﻕ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻳﮏ ‪ ،UPS‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷـﻴﺪ ﮐـﻪ ‪ UPS‬ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﺍﺯ ﭼـﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻮﺟﻲ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﺍﺑﻲ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﮐﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻣـﻲﺭﺳـﺪ‪ .‬ﺿـﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜـﻪ ‪ ١٠‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘـﻪ‪،‬‬

‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺭﺳـﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ‪ UPS‬ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺑـﺎﻃﺮﻱ‬
‫‪ UPS‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﺩﻭﺍﻡ ﻣﻲﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺫﮐﺮ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻼ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻧـﺪﮔﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﻳﮏ ‪ UPS‬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﮐﺎﻣ ﹰ‬
‫‪ ١٠‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻧـﺪﮔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﹰﺎ ‪ ٣‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ‪ ،UPS‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪:‬‬
‫•‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ‪ ،UPS‬ﭼـﻪ ﻣﻘـﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﻴـﺮﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻕ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ؟‬
‫ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻳﮏ ‪ UPS‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣـﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴـﺮﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮐﺜـﺮ ‪UPS‬ﻫـﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﻭﺳـﻴﻠﻪ ﺑﻴـﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻘــﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﮐــﺴﻴﻤﻢ ‪) VA‬ﻭﻟــﺖ ﺁﻣﭙــﺮ( ﮐــﻪ ﻣ ـﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨــﺪ ﺗﺤﻮﻳ ـﻞ ﺩﻫﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳ ـﺎﺑﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪) VA‬ﻭﻟﺖ ﺁﻣﭙﺮ( ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴـﺰﺍﺕ ﻣـﺼﺮﻑ‬

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪٦٩‬‬ ‫‪/١٤‬‬

 ‫ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ )ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ ١٢‬ﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎ ‪ ٢٤‬ﻭﻟﺖ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ‪UPS‬‬

‫‪ UPS‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺍﺳـﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺗـﺼﺎﻝ ‪ UPS‬ﺑـﻪ ﻛـﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﻮﺟـﻮﺩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ‪ RS232‬ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭ ‪ .USB‬ﺍﺯ ﺑـﻴﻦ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﻣــﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ‪ USB‬ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕـﺎﻡ ﺧﺮﻳـﺪ ‪ UPS‬ﺩﻗـﺖ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷـﻴﺪ ﮐـﻪ‬
‫ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫـﺎ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺷـﻲ ﺧﻮﺩﮐـﺎﺭ ﺳﻴـﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﻴـﺰ ﺑـﺎ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ؟‬

‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﻱ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﻳﮏ ‪ UPS‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﮐﺮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫(( ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﮐﺎﺭﮐﺮﺩ ﻓﺮﮐﺎﻧﺲ‬
‫(( ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﮐﺎﺭﮐﺮﺩ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ‬
‫(( ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﮐﺎﺭﮐﺮﺩ ﺩﻣﺎ‬
‫(( ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ‬
‫(( ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ‪ AVR‬ﻳﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺎﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ) ‪Automatic Voltage‬‬
‫‪(Regulation‬‬
‫(( ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ )ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﺷﺒﮑﻪ(‬
‫(( ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ )ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻔﻴـﺪ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ(‬
‫(( ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲﻫﺎﻱ ‪AC‬‬
‫(( ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ )ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺗـﻲ ﮐـﻪ ﻧﻴـﺎﺯ ﺑـﻪ ﭘـﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ(‬
‫(( ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻫﺸﺪﺍﺭ ﺁﻻﺭﻡ ﺻﻮﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ‬
‫(( ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺳﺮﺩ ﻳﺎ ‪) Cold Start‬ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﮐـﺮﺩﻥ ‪ UPS‬ﺯﻣـﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﻫﻴﭽﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ(‬
‫(( ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﻲ‬
‫(( ﺩﻓﻌﺎﺕ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱ‬
‫(( ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﮔﺎﺭﺍﻧﺘﻲ ﻭ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻃﺮﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﺤـﻮﻩ ﺍﻧﺘﺨـﺎﺏ ﻭ‬
‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ‪ USP‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻋﺰﻳﺰﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺗﺎﻥ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﮔﺮﺍﻣﯽﺍﻡ »ﺭ‪.‬ﮐﹸﺮﺩ«‬

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪٦٩‬‬ ‫‪/١٥‬‬