Kingdom: Fungi

Domain Eukarya

Domain Domain Domain

Bacteria Archaea Eukarya

AP Biology 2007-2008
Common ancestor
 General characteristics
 Classification criteria
 eukaryotes
 heterotrophs

 feed by absorption
 mostly multicellular
 except unicellular yeasts
 cell wall
 chitin
 rigid polysaccharide
 sexual & asexual reproduction
AP Biology
 Fungal Structure
 Fungal body
 mycelium
 thread-like cells
 hyphae
 Cells
 multiple nuclei
 Cell wall
 chitin
 just like crab shells

AP Biology
 Internal structure chitin cell wall
septum
 Eukaryotic cells
 long, thread-like cells pore
 filamentous nuclei
 incomplete divisions
between cells
 septum
 multiple nuclei
Aaaaah,
structure–function
relationship!

AP Biology
 Modes of Nutrition
 Heterotrophic fungal hypha

 secrete digestive enzymes

 feed by absorption

 parasites
 feeding on living creatures plant
plant cell cell wall
 predators plant cell
membrane
 paralyzing prey
 decomposer
 breakdown dead remains
Fungi live IN
their food!
It’s like you living
AP Biology in Chocolate cake!
 Fungal Diversity

o ta o ta ota o ta
m yc m yc my c
myc
io go dio c o
t rid Zy s i As
Ch
y Ba

AP Biology Fungi
 Ecological Roles
 Decomposers
 recycle nutrients
 Symbiotic Relationships
 lichen
 fungi + algae
 cyanobacteria or green algae
 pioneer species in
ecosystems Lichens are fungi
that have discovered
 makes soil from bare rock agriculture!
 mycorrhizae
 fungi + plants
 enables plants to absorb more water
AP Biology
 Mycorrhizae
 Critical role in plant growth
 extends water absorption of roots

without with
mycorrhizae mycorrhizae

Endomycorrhiza
AP Biology Ectomycorrhiza
 Reproduction
 Asexual
 budding in yeast

 Sexual
 spores
 spread by wind
 joining of + & – haploid spores

haploid
spores

AP Biology
 Zygomycete (Bread Mold) Life Cycle
spores
(haploid)

mating strain

hypha
sporangium MEIOSIS

(2n) mating strain

(n)
diploid haploid

FUSION of
AP Biology + and – gametangia
 Basidiomycete Life Cycle
gills lined
fruiting body with basidia

basidium

(n + n)
dikaryotic 2n (diploid)
(n) zygote
haploid
strain MEIOSIS
spores
FUSION of
and
AP Biology hyphae strain
 Fairy Rings

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 The FIRST Antibiotics

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 Any
Questions??

AP Biology 2007-2008