Textile testing and

Quality assurance

Title
Dimensional stability

Submitted by:
Tauqeer Raza (06-NTU-
97)

Section ”D” 8th semester.

Submitted to:
Mr. Salman
Garment manufacturing
Department
Background:

To determine the dimensional changes in woven and knitted fabrics when repeated
laundering process domestically used, we do AATCC-135 test. Domestically washing
temperature ranges from cold warm. For fabrics that are intended to be used in a form fitting
garment, restoration techniques are sometimes used prior to determining the dimensional
change. Techniques for this type of restoration are not standardized (hand pulling specimens in
the length and width directions at multiple locations using an unspecified force). If restoration
techniques are used, a description of the technique should be reported and results should be
reported as restored dimensional change

Apparatus and material:

Automatic washing machine, automatic tumble dryer, indelible ink marking pen and
measuring tape or ruler.

Theory:
Dimensional change:
The change in the fabric dimensions is expressed as a percentage of the initial length
and width. Change in fabric dimensions occurs in specified conditions. When dimensional
change results in increase of the specimen dimensions then it is termed as growth. When
dimensional change results in decrease of the specimen dimensions then it is termed as
shrinkage.

Laundering:
The process used to remove soils and stains by washing the fabric/garment with an
aqueous detergent solution is termed as laundering.

Procedure:

 10x10 in fabric samples are taken.

 Samples from which dimensional change specimens are to be taken should be
representative of the fabric processing stage, finishing treatment, research lab trial,
pallet, lot or end-product stage.
 Lay the sample on a flat surface. Selected test size, mark specimens parallel to the
selvage or fabric length direction. Avoid use of the sample area within ten percent of the
sample width. Specimens should be taken from areas with different lengthwise and
widthwise yarns. Identify the length direction of the specimens before cutting them out of
the sample. When possible, three specimens from each fabric should be used. One or
two specimens may be used when insufficient fabric sample is available.
  Then lines are drawn on the sample.
 Original Measurements and Specimen Size are taken.
 Then the sample is put in the laundering machine. Washer is set for washing cycle time.
 After the specified time the sample is taken and dried by laying it on the flat table and not
making any stretch on the sample.
 Then measure the lines and calculation is done.

Machine parameters:

Machine Cycle Washing Temperature Drying Procedure

(1) Normal/Cotton Sturdy (II) 27 ± 3°C (80 ± 5°F) A) Tumble

(2) Delicate (III) 41 ± 3°C (105 ± 5°F) i. Cotton Sturdy
(3) Permanent Press (IV) 49 ± 3°C (120 ± 5°F) ii. Delicate
(V) 60 ± 3°C (140 ± 5°F) iii. Permanent Press
(B) Line
(C) Drip
(D) Screen

Results:

Original length of reference = 8.9cm

Original width =10.6cm
After washing and drying
Length = 8.6cm
Width =10.3cm

Dimensional change % average = (8.6-8.9)*100/8.9 =- 0.3

For length

Dimensional change % average = (10.3-10.6)*100/10.6 = -0.3

For width
Conclusion:
If final measurement smaller than the original measurement results in a negative
dimensional change which is shrinkage. If final measurement larger than the original
measurement results in a positive dimensional change which is growth.