BASICS IN INTERPRETING

RADIOGRAPHS
AUTHOR
VISHWAS MADAAN
FINAL YEAR
MGM DCH
 STRUCTURES SEEN ON IOPA
 TEETH
 SUPPORTING STRUCTURES
 MAXILLA
 MANDIBLE
 OTHERS {EG: RESTORATIVE MATERIALS ETC.}
 RADIOPAQUE STRUCTURES
 MAXILLA
› ENAMEL › NASOLABIAL FOLD
› DENTIN › FLOOR OF MAXI SINUS
› CEMENTUM › SEPTA IN MAXI SINUS
› LAMINA DURA › INVERTED Y IN MAXI
› ALVEOLAR CREST SINUS
› CANCELLOUS BONE › ZYGOMATIC PROCESS
› NASAL SEPTUM OF MAXILLA
› ANTERIOR NASAL SPINE › ZYGOMA {MALAR
› FLOOR OF NASAL BONE}
CAVITY › PTERYGOID PLATES
› INFERIOR NASAL › HAMULAR PROCESS
CONCHAE › MAXILLARY
TUBEROSITY
 RADIOPAQUE STRUCTURES
 MANDIBLE
› ENAMEL › MYLOHYOID RIDGE
› DENTIN › EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
› CEMENTUM RIDGE
› LAMINA DURA › INFERIOR BORDER OF
MANDIBLE
› ALVEOLAR CREST
› CORONOID PROCESS
› CANCELLOUS BONE
› INTERNAL OBLIQUE
› GENIAL TUBERCLES
RIDGE
› MENTAL RIDGE
 RADIOLUCENT STRUCTURES
 MAXILLA
› PULP
› PDL SPACE
› NUTRIENT CANALS
› INTERMAXILLARY SUTURE
› NASAL FOSSA
› INCISIVE FORAMEN
› SUPERIOR FORAMINA OF NASOPALATINE CANAL
› INCISIVE FOSSA
› NASOLACRIMAL CANAL
› MAXILLARY SINUS
› NOSE
 RADIOLUCENT STRUCTURES
 MANDIBLE
› PULP
› PDL SPACE
› NUTRIENT CANALS
› LINGUAL FORAMEN
› SYMPHYSIS
› MENTAL FOSSA
› MENTAL FORAMEN
› MANDIBULAR CANAL
› SUBMANDIBULAR FOSSA
TOOTH

ENAMEL

DENTIN
PULP
ROOT CANAL

ADULT MANDIBULAR INCISOR

ARROWS POINTING AT THE APEX
ROOT CANAL IN
DEVELOPING ROOT
SUPPORTING STRUCTURES
LAMINA DURA

APPEARS AS A THIN
LAYER OF BONE
AROUND TEETH
LAMINA DURA AROUND
RECENT EXTRACTION
SOCKET
ALVEOLAR CREST
PDL SPACE
DOUBLE PDL SPACE

DOUBLE PDL SPACE AND

LAMINA DURA SEEN
WHERE THERE IS A
CONVEXITY OF THE
PROXIMAL SURFACE
OF ROOT
 CANCELLOUS BONE
 ANTERIOR MAXILLA
› TRABECULAE ARE
THIN AND MULTIPLE

 POSTERIOR MAXILLA
› MARROW SPACES
ARE LARGER
 CANCELLOUS BONE
 MANDIBULAR ANTERIOR
› COARSE TRABECULAE
› LARGE MARROW SPACES
 CANCELLOUS BONE
 MANDIBLE POSTERIOR
› SPARSE TRABECULATION
› LARGE MARROW SPACES
MAXILLA
INCISIVE FORAMEN
ALSO KNOWN AS
NASOPALATINE
OR
ANTERIOR PALATINE FORAMEN

OVOID RADIOLUCENCY
BETWEEN ROOTS OF
MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISORS

IT IS A NORMAL RADIOGRAPHIC
FEATURE AND SHOULD NOT BE
CONFUSED WITH CYST
SUPERIOR FORAMINA OF
INCISIVE CANAL
INTERMAXILLARY SUTURE

ALSO KNOWN AS
MEDIAN PALATINE SUTURE

APPEARS AS A THIN
RADIOLUCENT LINE
LATERAL FOSSA

RADIOLUCENT AREA BETWEEN

MAXILLARY CANINE AND
LAT. INCISOR

SHOULD NOT BE CONFUSED WITH

GLOBULO MAXILLARY CYST
NASAL CAVITY
1- NASAL FOSSA

2- INFERIOR TURBINATE

3- NASAL SEPTUM

4- ANTERIOR NASAL SPINE

FLOOR OF NASAL CAVITY

EXTENDS POSTERIORLY,
SUPERIMPOSED WITH THE MAXILARY
SINUS
ANTERIOR NASAL SPINE
APPEARS AS A ‘V’ SHAPED
RADIOPACITY AT THE MIDLINE
OF FLOOR OF NASAL CAVITY
NASO LACRIMAL CANAL
SEEN NEAR THE APICES OF MAXILLARY
CANINE WHEN A STEEP VERTICAL
ANGULATION IS USED
NOSE
1- SHADOW OF NOSE

2- MEDIAN PALATINE SUTURE

3- INCISIVE FORAMEN
NASOLABIAL FOLD
MAXILLARY SINUS
SEPTA WITHIN MAXILLARY
SINUS
NUTRIENT CANALS WITHIN
MAXI SINUS
1- NUTRIENT CANAL

2- MAXI SINUS

3- CORTICAL PLATE

4- MAXI ANTRAL MUCOSA

INVERTED ‘Y’
REFERS TO INTERSECTION OF MAXI SINUS
AND NASAL CAVITY AS SEEN ON
RADIOGRAPH
MAXILLARY TUBEROSITY
PTERYGOID PLATES

LATERAL PLATE
MEDIAL PLATE
HAMULAR PROCESS
ZYGOMATIC PROCESS
ZYGOMA {MALAR BONE}
MANDIBLE
GENIAL TUBERCLES
LINGUAL FORAMEN
NUTRIENT CANALS
MENTAL RIDGE
1- LOWER LIP LINE

2- MENTAL RIDGE

3- LINGUAL CANAL

4- CORTICAL PLATE OF
LOWER BORDER OF MANDIBLE
MENTAL FOSSA
MENTAL FORAMEN

MENTAL FORAMEN
SUBMANDIBULAR FOSSA
SYMPHYSIS
MYLOHYOID RIDGE
INTERNAL OBLIQUE RIDGE
EXTERNAL OBLIQUE RIDGE
MANDIBULAR CANAL
INFERIOR BORDER OF
MANDIBLE
CORONOID PROCESS
RESTORATIVE MATERIALS
AMALGAM
CAST GOLD CROWN
GUTTA PERCHA
SILVER POINTS
SILICATE RESTORATIONS
PORCEAIN
ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES