1 Diagram 1 shows the area covered by fungi on three slices of bread.

Each
slices of bread is sprinkled with different volume of water.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan kawasan yang diliputi kulat di atas tiga keping roti. Setiap keping roti direnjis
dengan isipadu air yang berbeza.

P Q R
Bread Black patches Bread
Roti Tompok Roti

Dry bread 10 ml of water added 20 ml of water added

Roti 10 ml air dimasukkan 20 ml air dimasukkan
Kering
(a) What is your observation about bread Q and R?
Apakah pemerhatian kamu mengenai roti Q dan R?

……………………………………………………………………………………….……………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(b) Base on your observation in (a), give one reason (inference).

Berdasarkan pemerhatian anda di (a), berikan satu sebab (inferens).

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) What is the trend of change in the area covered by fungi on the bread?
Apakah corak perubahan luas kawasan yang dilitupi kulat di atas roti?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

d) What conclusion can be made from this investigation?

Apakah kesimpulan yang boleh dibuat daripada penyiasatan ini?

...............................…….……………………………………………………………………………………

….………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………

2 Dinesh and his group carry out an investigation. They use the apparatus as
shown in the diagram below.
Dinesh dan kumpulannya menjalankan satu penyiasatan. Mereka menggunakan peralatan seperti
yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah di bawah.

water
air

Diagram 2
 The result shown in the table below.
Keputusan ditunjukkan dalam jadual di bawah.

Time ( minutes )
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Masa (minit)
Temperature of water ( ˚C )
Suhu Air ( ˚ C ) 30 38 48 60 74 90 100 100

Table 1
Jadual 1

(a) What is the purpose (aim) of this investigation?

Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………....

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) What is the trend of change in the temperature of water when it was heated?
Apakah corak perubahan suhu air apabila ia dipanaskan?

..........................................................................................................................,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

(c) State
Nyatakan

(i) What is changed (manipulated variable) in this investigation.

Apa yang diubah (pembolehubah dimanipulasi) dalam penyiasatan ini.

…………………………………………………………………………..
ii) What is measured (responding variable) in this investigation.
Apa yang diukur (pembolehubah bergerak balas) dalam penyiasatan ini.

…………………………………………………………………………...

(d) Predict the temperature of water at 16th minutes.

Ramalkan suhu air pada minit ke 16.

.......................................................................................................................

3 Shazana has tested 200 ml of three different liquid K, L and M with red and blue litmus paper. She
found that each liquid has different effects on the litmus paper.
The changes in the colour of the litmus paper are recorded.
Shazana telah menguji 200 ml tiga larutan berbeza K, L dan M dengan kertas
litmus merah dan biru. Dia mendapati setiap cecair memberikan kesan yang berbeza ke atas kertas
litmus. Perubahan warna pada kertas litmus direkodkan.
 Type of liquid
Jenis cecair
Liquid K Liquid L Liquid M
Cecair K Cecair L Cecair M
Colour changes of blue
litmus paper Blue Blue Red
Perubahan warna kertas Biru Biru Merah
litmus biru
Colour changes of red litmus
paper Red Blue Red
Perubahan warna kertas Merah Biru Merah
litmus merah

Table 2
Jadual 2

(a) Based on the investigation above, state one reason (inference) about the
difference in the changes of colour of the litmus paper for liquid L.
Berdasarkan penyiasatan di atas, nyatakan satu inferens tentang
perbezaan perubahan warna pada kertas litmus untuk cecair L.

.................................................................................................................................................

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(b) State two information gathered in this investigation.

Nyatakan dua maklumat yang dikumpul dalam penyiasatan ini.

.................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

(c) What is the relationship (hypothesis) between the variable that is changed
(manipulated) and the variable that is observed (responding)?
Apakah hubungan (hipotesis) di antara pembolehubah yang dimanipulasi dengan
pembolehubah bergerak balas?

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

4 Table 3 shows the result of an investigation carried out by a group of pupils.

 Jadual 3 menunjukkan keputusan satu penyiasatan yang dijalankan oleh sekumpulan murid.

Date According to Lunar Calendar Phase of the Moon

Tarikh Mengikut Takwim Qamari Bentuk Fasa Bulan
5th day
5 haribulan

10th day
10 haribulan

15th day
15 haribulan

20th day
20 haribulan

25th day
25 haribulan

a) What is the purpose (aim) of this investigation?

Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini?

.....................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................................

b) State what is changed (manipulated variable) in this investigation?

Nyatakan apa yang diubah (pembolehubah dimanipulasi) dalam penyiasatan ini.

....................................................................................................................................................

c) What is the trend of changes in the brightness of the phases of the Moon during this
investigation?
Apakah corak perubahan kecerahan fasa-fasa bulan sepanjang tempoh penyiasatan ini?

………………………………………………………………………………………...........................

d) What conclusion can be made from this investigation?

Apakah kesimpulan yang boleh dibuat daripada penyiasatan ini?

......................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................

5 Diagram 3 shows four benches P, Q, R and S of the same base area placed on a piece of plank.
When the plank was slowly lifted up, P toppled first followed by
 Q, R and S.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan empat buah bangku P, Q, R dan S yang mempunyai luas tapak yang sama
diletakkan di atas sekeping papan. Apabila papan diangkat perlahan-lahan, didapati bangku P jatuh
dahulu diikuti Q, R dan S.
P
Q
R
S Plank
Papan

Diagram 3
Rajah 3

The result of the investigation is shown in the bar chart below.

Keputusan penyiasatan ditunjukkan di dalam carta palang di bawah.

Time taken to fall (s )

Masa yang diamb il
untuk jatuh (s)
60
49
50
40
40 32
30 25
20
10
0
P Q R S
Height of bench
Ketinggian b angku

(a) Write one observation on the time taken of the benches to fall down.
Tulis satu pemerhatian tentang masa yang diambil oleh bangku untuk jatuh.
.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]

(b) State one variable that was kept the same (constant variable) in this
investigation.
Nyatakan satu pembolehubah yang dimalarkan dalam penyiasatan ini.
...................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]

(c) Predict the time taken of a bench that is taller than Q but shorter than P to
fall.
 Ramalkan masa untuk sebuah bangku yang lebih tinggi dari Q tetapi rendah dari R untuk jatuh.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]

The base area also affects the stability of an object.

Luas tapak juga mempengaruhi kestabilan sesuatu objek.

(d) Base on the statement above, state one relationship between what to
change (manipulated variable) and what to observe (responding variable).
Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, nyatakan satu hubungan di antara apa yang diubah
(pembolehubah manipulasi) dan apa yang diukur (pembolehubah bergerak balas).

………………………………………………………………………………………...

..........................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]