Trig Identities/BASICS

By Neil Mallinar

sin2θ = 2sinθcosθ

cos2θ = cos2 θ - sin2 θ = 1-2sin2 θ = 2cos2 θ-1 Double Angle Formulas

tan2θ = 2tan θ/1-tan2 θ

sinα/2 = ±√(1-cosα/2)
1+cosα
cos α/2 = ±√( /2) Half Angle Formulas

tan α/2 = ±√(1-cosα/1+cosα)

cos(α - β) = cosαcosβ + sinαsinβ

cos(α + β) = cosαcosβ - sinαsinβ

sin(α - β) = sinαcosβ - cosαsinβ

Sum-Difference Formulas
sin(α + β) = sinαcosβ + cosαsinβ

tan(α - β)= tanα - tanβ / 1 + tanαtanβ

tanα + tanβ
tan(α + β) = / 1 - tanαtanβ
1-cos2θ
sin2θ + cos2θ = 1 sin2 θ = /2 Variations of Double Angle
1+cos2θ
1 + tan2θ = sec2θ Pythagorean Identities cos2 θ = /2 (Power Reducing Formulas)
1-cos2θ
2
1 + cot θ = csc θ 2
tan θ =
2
/1+cos2θ *Derived from Double Angle*

sin(-θ) = -sinθ Sin

cos(-θ) = cos(θ) Opposite tan = sin/cos
tan(-θ) = -tan(θ) Even-Odd Identities Hypotenuse csc = 1/sin
sec(-θ) = sec(θ) Cosine sec = 1/cos
csc(-θ) = -csc(θ) Adjacent cot = 1/tan = cos/sin
cot(-θ) = -cot(θ) Hypotenuse
Tangent
cos (π/2 - θ) = sin θ Opposite
sin (π/2 - θ) = cos θ Adjacent
tan (π/2 - θ) = cot θ Co-Function Identities
cot (π/2 - θ) = tan θ If sinθ = x then θ=sin-1x
sec (π/2 - θ) = csc θ
csc (π/2 - θ) = sec θ