Basic Concepts of Time and distance.

1. Speed = s / t  where s = total distance and t = total time

2. s = vt

3. t = s/v

4. The relative velocities of two bodies moving with velocities of u and v ( u > v) is
u-v

5. The relative velocity of two bodies moving in opposite directions is u + v.

6. A train or a moving body of known length has to travel its own length in
passing
a lamppost or a fixed body of insignificant size.

7. A train or a moving body must travel its own length plus the length of the
stationary body in question, if the train or the moving body has to pass a
stationary body i.e. a bridge, a railway platform etc.

8. Motion downstream or upstream :              Velocity of boat downstream = u +

v   Velocity of boat upstream = u – v    Where ‘u’ is the velocity of the boat in still
waters and ‘v’ is the velocity of the stream.

9. If a man changes his speed in the ratio u : v, the corresponding ratio of times
will
be  v : u

AVERAGE SPEED

Means,If an object travels D1, D2, D3, …… Dn distances, with speeds S1, S2, S3,….Sn in
T1,T2,T3….Tn times respectively, then Average Speed

p=. SOME IMPORTANT FORMULAE - from Test's point of view

1)
If an object travels a distance D1 and D2 at a speed of S1 and S2 Miles per Hour,
respectively, in time T1 and T2 then the total time taken 'T' is given by:

The total distance covered 'D' is given by:

2)
If a certain distance D, from point X to point Y is traveled at 'a' km/hr and the same
distance is covered i.e. from Y to X at 'b' km/hr, then the average speed during the whole
journey can be calculated as:
Also, if T1 and T2 are the times taken to travel from X to Y and from Y to X respectively,
the distance D from X to Y can be calculated as:

3)
While a certain distance 'D' is covered, if A man changes his speed in the ratio X : Y, then
the ratio of time taken becomes Y : X.

4)
If an object travels a distance D from X to Y with Speed 'a' in time T1 and travels back from Y to
X with of the usual speed 'a', then the change in time taken to travel the same distance can be
calculated as:

; for n > m

; for m > n

*5)
IF two objects, say A and B, start at the same time in opposite directions from two different
points (P and Q) and arrive at the opposite points in 'a' and 'b' hours respectively after
having met.

Then the ratio of their speed is:*

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