1.

DEFINE THE PROBLEM PRECISELY :LIKE WHAT IS INITIAL

SITUATION, WHAT WILL BE THE FINAL, ACCEPTABLE
SOLUTIONS.
2. ANALYZE THE PROBLEM: VARIOUS POSSIBLE
TECHNIQUES
FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM.
3. ISOLATE AND REPRESENT THE TASK KNOWLEDGE THAT IS
NECESSARY TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM.
4. CHOOSE THE BEST PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUE AND
APPLY IT

State space representation

“A set of all possible states for a given problem is
known as the state space of the problem.”
or
“A state space represents a problem in terms ofstates
andoperators that change states.”

A problem space consists of :

Precondition/An initial state

Post condition/Final states ( Goal State)

Actions

Total Cost
EXAMPLE OF PROBLEM SPACE
If one wants to make a cup of coffee.
What one have to do:

analyze the problem

check necessary ingredients are available or not.

if they are available ,apply procedure of making coffee

( Actions).

What have we done?

1.We started with Ingredients i.e the Initial state.

2.Followed by sequence ofSteps.
3.We added only needed amount of coffee powder,

milk & sugar. These are Operators/ Actions.

4.At last had a cup of coffee –Goal state
ANOTHER EXAMPLE: WATER JUG PROBLEM

PROBLEM Given:
1.Two Jugs: one 4 gallon & one 3 gallon.
2. No measuring markers.
3. There is a pump that can be used to fill jug with

waters.
4. How can you get exactly 2 gallons of water in to 4-
gallon jug?

PROBLEM SPACE
Initial States– amount of water in both jugs.
Actions—Empty large/small, pour from
large/small
Goal—specified amount of water in both jug
Path cost—total no of actions applied