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Matematik Tingkatan 1
Matematik Tingkatan 1
Curriculum Specifications
MATHEMATICS
Form 1
Page
WHOLE NUMBERS 1
NUMBER PATTERNS AND SEQUENCES 4
FRACTIONS 10
DECIMALS 15
PERCENTAGES 18
INTEGERS 19
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS 21
BASIC MEASUREMENTS 23
LINES AND ANGLES 26
POLYGONS 28
PERIMETER AND AREA 30
SOLID GEOMETRY 32
1. Learning Area: Whole Numbers
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
1
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
2. Perform computations x Explore addition and subtraction i. Add whole numbers. Addition and Add
involving addition using standard algorithm (rules of subtraction Addition
ii. Solve problems involving addition of
and subtraction of calculations), estimation, mental should begin with
whole numbers. Subtract
whole numbers to and speed computation or pencil- two numbers.
solve problems. and-paper. iii. Subtract whole numbers. Subtraction
x Use calculators to compare and iv. Solve problems involving subtraction Multiply
Emphasise that
verify answers. of whole numbers. Multiplication
subtraction is the
x Students pose and solve problems inverse of Divide
related to addition and subtraction addition. Division
of whole numbers. Regroup
Emphasise that: Algorithm
x The quotient Estimate
3. Perform computations x Explore multiplication and division of a number Estimation
involving using standard algorithm (rules of i. Multiply two or more whole numbers. divided by Mental and
multiplication and calculations), estimation, mental ii. Solve problems involving zero is speed
division of whole and speed computation or pencil- multiplication of whole numbers. undefined. computation
numbers to solve and-paper.
problems. iii. Divide a whole number by a smaller x The quotient Compute
x Use calculators to compare and whole number. of zero
Quotient
verify answers. divided by
iv. Solve problems involving division of any number Undefined
x Students explore the relationship whole numbers. (except zero) Inverse
between multiplication and division. is zero. Sum
x Students pose and solve problems
Difference
related to multiplication and
division of whole numbers.
2
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
4. Perform computations x Students explore combined i. Perform computations involving any Emphasise on Multiply
involving combined operations of whole numbers by combination of addition, subtraction, the order of Multiplication
operations of using standard algorithm (rules of multiplication and division of whole operations and
addition, calculations), estimation, pencil- numbers, including the use of the use of Divide
subtraction, and-paper or calculator. brackets. brackets. Division
multiplication and Estimate
x Solve problems related to real-life ii. Solve problems involving combined
division of whole
situations. operations of addition, subtraction, Compute
numbers to solve
multiplication and division of whole Solve
problems x Students use calculators to numbers, including the use of
compare and verify answers. brackets. Bracket
Order of
operations
Combined
operation
Combination
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2. Learning Area: Number Patterns and Sequences
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
4
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
3. Understand the x Use calculators or computer i. Identify the characteristics of Emphasise that Prime number
characteristics of programmes to explore prime prime numbers. Number 1 is not a
prime numbers. numbers. prime number. Factor
ii. Determine whether a given
x Use sieve of Eratosthenes to number is a prime number. Prime Factor
generate prime numbers less than iii. Determine all the prime numbers
100. less than 100.
4. Understand the x Determine factors of whole i. List factors of whole numbers. Emphasise that 1
characteristics and numbers by exploring and and the number
ii. Determine whether a number is a
use the knowledge of investigating. itself are factors
factor of another whole number.
factors of whole of any number.
numbers.
5. Understand the x Students explore and investigate i. Identify prime factors from a list of
characteristics and to determine prime factors of factors.
use the knowledge of whole numbers. ii. Find prime factor(s) of whole
prime factors of
x State any given whole number as numbers.
whole numbers.
a product of its prime factors. iii. Determine whether a number is a
prime factor of another whole
number.
5
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
Multiple
6. Understand and use x Students use the divisibility test of i. List the multiples of whole Emphasise that
the knowledge of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and their numbers. the list of Divisible
multiples of whole combinations. multiples of a
ii. Determine whether a number is Divisibility test
numbers. number is also a
e.g. the multiple of another number.
number Common
30 can be divided by 6.Therefore it sequence. multiple
can be divided by 2 and 3 and
Use small Lowest
vice-versa.
numbers to Common
develop the Multiple (LCM)
concept.
Sequence
6
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
7. Understand the x Students find common multiples i. Find the common multiples of two Emphasise that a
characteristics and and LCM by listing down the or three whole numbers. list of common
use the knowledge of multiples of each given number. multiples is also a
ii. Determine whether a number is
common multiples number
e.g. the common multiple of two or
and Lowest sequence.
three given numbers.
Common Multiple Multiples of 4 : 4, 8, 12, ……
Use small
(LCM) of whole iii. Determine the LCM of two or three
Multiples of 6 : 6, 12, …… numbers to
numbers. given numbers.
develop the
Common Multiples of 4 and 6:
concept
12, 24, 36, 48, ……
which are the multiples of 12.
x Use the method of “prime
factorisation” to find common
multiples and LCM.
e.g.
4=2x2
6=2x3
Therefore the LCM of 4 and 6 is
2 x 2 x 3 = 12.
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
2 4, 6
LCM = 2 x 2 x 3 2 2, 3
3 1, 3
= 12
1, 1
8. Understand and use x Students list down all the factors of i. Find common factors of two or three Common
the knowledge of each given number and identify the whole numbers. Factor
common factors and same factors for each number. ii. Determine whether a number is a Highest
Highest Common
x Students explore, identify and common factor of two or three given Common
Factors (HCF) of
determine common factors of whole numbers. Factor (HCF)
whole numbers.
whole number. iii. Determine the HCF of two or three
given numbers.
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
9
3. Learning Area: Fractions
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
10
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
3. Understand the x Use concrete materials, drawings i. Recognise mixed numbers. Mixed number
concept of mixed and number lines to represent ii. Represent mixed numbers with Proper
numbers and their mixed numbers. diagrams. fraction
representations.
x Identify the use of mixed numbers iii. Write mixed numbers based on
in everyday situations. Improper
given diagrams.
fraction
iv. Compare and order mixed
numbers on number lines. Number line
Denominator
4. Understand the x Use concrete materials and i. Recognise proper and improper
concept of proper drawings to demonstrate the fractions from given fractions.
fractions and relationship between mixed ii. Change mixed numbers into
improper fractions. numbers and improper fractions. improper fractions.
x Use calculators to explore the iii. Change improper fractions into
relationship between mixed mixed numbers.
numbers and improper fractions.
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
5. Understand the x Use concrete materials, drawings i. Perform addition involving: Addition and Mixed
concept of addition and symbols to demonstrate the subtraction involving Number
a. Fractions with common
and subtraction of process of addition and subtraction not more than three
denominators. Add
fractions to solve of fractions. numbers.
problems. b. Fractions with different Subtract
x Add and subtract fractions by denominators.
writing the fractions in their Fraction
equivalent forms with common c. Whole numbers and
denominators including the use of fractions. Simple
LCM. fraction
d. Fractions and mixed
x Perform addition and subtraction of numbers. Lowest term
mixed numbers by: e. Mixed numbers. Equivalent
i) Adding and subtracting whole fractions
numbers and fractions ii. Perform subtraction involving:
separately. a. Fractions with common
ii) Writing mixed numbers in the denominators.
form of improper fractions. b. Fractions with different
x Pose and solve problems related to denominators.
everyday situations. c. Whole numbers and
fractions.
d. Fractions and mixed
numbers.
e. Mixed numbers.
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
1 3 12
4x1 = 4 x = =6
2 2 2
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
c. A fraction times a fraction.
5
6
3
4
5 3 15 5
x = =
6 4 24 8
7. Perform computations x Pose problems related to real-life i. Perform computations involving Limit the operations Multiplication
involving combined situations. combined operations of to three numbers Addition
operations of addition, subtraction, including whole
addition, subtraction, x Use concrete materials and multiplication and division of numbers and mixed Subtraction
multiplication and diagrams to demonstrate fractions, including the use of numbers. Division
division of fractions computations. brackets.
Emphasise the order Combined
to solve problems. operation
ii. Solve problems involving of operations,
combined operations of including the use of Mixed number
addition, subtraction, brackets. Whole
multiplication and division of number
fractions, including the use of
brackets. Bracket
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4. Learning Area: Decimals
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
15
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
3. Understand the concept x Use concrete materials, drawings i. Add decimals. Include whole Add
of addition and and symbols. numbers. Subtract
ii. Solve problems involving addition of
subtraction of
x Solve problems related to everyday decimals. Addition and Decimal
decimals to solve
situations. subtraction Multiply
problems. iii. Subtract decimals.
should begin with
x Use calculators or computers to Divide
iv. Solve problems involving subtraction two decimals.
verify answers. of decimals. Mentally
Limit to three divide
x Use estimation strategies to decimal places.
determine whether the solution is Mentally
reasonable. multiply
Reasonable
Estimation
4. Understand the concept x Relate to everyday situations. i. Multiply two or more decimals. For multiplication
of multiplication and and division,
x Use appropriate calculation ii. Solve problems involving
division of decimals to include whole
methods such as pencil-and - multiplications of decimals
solve problems. numbers.
paper, calculators and computers. iii. Divide:
Begin with one
x Mentally multiply decimals by 10, a. A decimal by a whole number. digit whole
100 and 1000. number
b. A decimal by a decimal.
x Mentally multiply decimals by 0.1,
0.01 and 0.001. c. A decimal by a fraction.
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
5. Perform computations x Pose problems related to everyday i. Perform computations involving Emphasise the Addition
involving combined situations. combined operations of addition, order of
Subtraction
operation of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations
subtraction, of decimals, including the use of including the use Multiplication
multiplication and brackets. of brackets. Division
division of decimals to
ii. Solve problems involving combined Decimal
solve problems.
operations of addition, subtraction,
Include whole Bracket
multiplication and division of decimals,
numbers and
including the use of brackets. Combined
fractions
operation
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5. Learning area: Percentages
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
18
6. Learning Area: Integers
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
19
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
Unlike signs:
3 + (– 4),
(– 9) + 5
Differentiate
between
operations and
signs.
Relate
subtraction of
integers to
addition.
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7. Learning Area: Algebraic Expressions
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
3. Understand the
concept of algebraic x Use concrete materials to i. Recognise algebraic expressions. Algebraic
expressions. demonstrate the concept of 4p = p + p + p + p expression
combining like and unlike terms. ii. Determine the number of terms in
given algebraic expressions. Number of
e.g. terms
iii. Simplify algebraic expressions by
Like terms
i. 4s + 8s = 12s combining the like terms.
Unlike terms
ii. 5r – 2r = 3r
Simplify
iii. 7g + 6h cannot be simplified
because they are not like terms.
iv. 3k + 4 + 6k – 3
= 3k + 6k + 4 – 3
= 9k + 1
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8. Learning Area: Basic Measurements
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
23
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
4. Understand and use x Use digital and analogue clocks. i. Read and write times in twelve-hour 7.30 read as Twelve hour
times in the twelve- system. seven thirty; system
hour and twenty-four x Read times from train or bus half past seven;
schedules. ii. Read and write times in twenty-four- Twenty-four
hour system to solve thirty minutes hour system
hour system.
problems. x Relate events to everyday past seven and
iii. Convert time in twelve-hour system to thirty minutes to Time Interval
situations.
twenty-four hour system and vice-versa. eight. Time
iv. Determine the interval between two Introduce a.m. Digital clock
given times. and p.m. Analogue
v. Solve problems involving time. 0350 read as clock
three fifty hour
3.50 a.m. read
as three fifty
a.m. or three
fifty in the
morning.
1900 read as
nineteen
hundred hours.
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9. Learning Area: Lines and Angles
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
26
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
2. Understand the x Students identify perpendicular and i. Determine parallel lines. Two lines are Parallel lines
concept of parallel and parallel lines in the classroom (e.g parallel if they
ii. Determine perpendicular lines. Perpendicular
perpendicular lines. edges of books, windows and never intersect.
doors). iii. State that the angles formed by lines
perpendicular lines is 90°. A perpendicular
line is a line that Intersecting
makes a 90° with lines
another line. Complementary
Denote a 90° angle
angle as:
Supplementary
90° angle
Adjacent angle
Vertically
b opposite angle
3. Understand and use x Students investigate the properties i. Identify intersecting lines.
properties of angles of angles formed by intersecting a d
associated with ii. Determine the properties of
lines. vertical, complementary and c
intersecting lines to
solve problems. supplementary angles.
Vertical-angle
iii. Determine the value of an angle pairs:
on a line, given the adjacent a = d
angle. b = c
iv. Solve problems involving angles Sum of adjacent
formed by intersecting lines. angles on a
straight line is
180°
(a + b =180°)
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10. Learning Area: Polygons
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
Polygon
Students will be taught to: Students will be able to:
Triangle
1. Understand the x Use concrete materials such as i. Recognise polygons.
Use capital letters Quadrilateral
concept of polygons. protractors, rulers, grid papers, ii. Name polygons (triangle, to name vertices.
geo-boards and computer software Pentagon
quadrilateral, pentagon, hexagon,
to explore the concept of polygons. heptagon and octagon). Hexagon
x Students explore the relationship iii. Determine the number of sides, Heptagon
between the sides, diagonals and vertices and diagonals of given Octagon
vertices of polygons. polygons. Vertices
iv. Sketch polygons. Sides
Diagonal
Shape
Symmetry
Line of
2. Understand the x Students explore symmetry by i. Determine and draw the line(s) of symmetry
concept of symmetry. using mirrors, pattern blocks, symmetry of shapes. Shapes include Sketch
folding papers or making inkblot polygons
ii. Complete shapes given part of the
designs. shapes and the line of symmetry.
x Students explore the importance of iii. Draw designs using the concept of
symmetry in everyday situations symmetry.
(e.g. pattern on buildings and tiles).
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
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11. Learning Area : Perimeter and Area
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
3. Understand the x Investigate and develop formulae i. Identify the heights and bases of
concept of area of to find the areas of triangles, triangles, parallelograms and Area
triangles, parallelograms and trapeziums trapeziums. Triangle
parallelograms and based on the area of rectangle. ii. Find the areas of triangles, Trapezium
trapezium to solve
parallelograms and trapeziums. Parallelogram
problems.
iii. Find the areas of figures made up of Height
triangles, rectangles, parallelograms Base
or trapeziums.
Rectangle
iv. Solve problems involving the areas of
Figure
triangles, rectangles, parallelograms
and trapeziums.
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12. Learning Area: Solid Geometry
Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
Students will be able to
Students will be taught to:
x Use concrete materials to i. Identify geometric solids. Geometric solids Face
1. Understand geometric demonstrate the concepts of include Edge
ii. State the geometric properties of
properties of cubes geometric solids. cubes and cuboids. x Cubes Vertex
and cuboids.
x Game: Searching out Solids. iii. Draw cubes and cuboids on: Vertices
x Cuboids
Make up sets of activity cards
a. Square grids. Cube
containing descriptions of solids x Cylinders
such as: Cuboid
b. Blank papers. x Pyramids
a. Exactly two faces that are the Cylinder
iv. Make models of cubes and cuboids x Cones
same shape and size. by: Pyramid
b. All edges have the same x Spheres Cone
a. Combining given faces.
length. Sphere
b. Folding given layouts of solids.
Students compete to search out Surface
solids in the classroom based on
the descriptions.
x Investigate and explore the
relationship between faces, edges
and vertices of cubes and cuboids.
x Compare and contrast between
cubes and cuboids.
Ask students how they are alike or
different.
x Use concrete materials (opened
boxes) to draw the layout of cubes
and cuboids.
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Learning Objectives Suggested Teaching and Learning Learning Outcomes Points to Note Vocabulary
Activities
3 Volume
2. Understand the x Use unit cubes or other concrete i. Estimate the volume of cuboids. cm read as
concept of volume of materials to let students explore cubic cm. Cubic cm
ii. Find the volume of cuboids.
cuboids to solve the concept of volumes. The volume of a Unit cube
problems iii. Solve problems involving volume of unit cube is 1 Cuboid
x Investigate and develop formula to cuboids. cubic unit
find the volume of cuboids.
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