Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Flame Test

    Uploaded by

    freedom5345
    92 views2 pages
    This document describes various chemical tests and their observations and inferences: 1. Flame tests can be used to identify cations - lithium produces red, sodium yellow, potassium lilac, calcium and strontium red, barium green. Carbonate and hydrogencarbonate ions are identified through a limewater test producing bubbles and milky color. 2. Tests for functional groups include using sodium to test for OH groups by observing bubbles and color change, and using sulfuric acid and dichromate to oxidize primary/secondary alcohols by color change. 3. Halogenoalkanes can be identified using tests like forming separate layers with water, or producing precip

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    This document describes various chemical tests and their observations and inferences: 1. Flame tests can be used to identify cations - lithium produces red, sodium yellow, potassium lilac, calcium and strontium red, barium green. Carbonate and hydrogencarbonate ions are identified through a limewater test producing bubbles and milky color. 2. Tests for functional groups include using sodium to test for OH groups by observing bubbles and color change, and using sulfuric acid and dichromate to oxidize primary/secondary alcohols by color change. 3. Halogenoalkanes can be identified using tests like forming separate layers with water, or producing precip

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    92 views2 pages

    Flame Test

    Uploaded by

    freedom5345
    This document describes various chemical tests and their observations and inferences: 1. Flame tests can be used to identify cations - lithium produces red, sodium yellow, potassium lilac, calcium and strontium red, barium green. Carbonate and hydrogencarbonate ions are identified through a limewater test producing bubbles and milky color. 2. Tests for functional groups include using sodium to test for OH groups by observing bubbles and color change, and using sulfuric acid and dichromate to oxidize primary/secondary alcohols by color change. 3. Halogenoalkanes can be identified using tests like forming separate layers with water, or producing precip

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 2

    Flame Test Test on solid

    Li +¿¿- Red  Clean the Nichrome Nitrate


    Na+¿¿- Yellow wire with concentrated Observation Inferences
    K +¿¿ - Lilac HCl
    -Bubbles -Sodium or potassium
    Ca2+¿ ¿- Red  Dip nichrome wire in
    Relight glowing nitrate
    Sr 2+¿¿ - Red sample
    splinter -Lithium nitrate or
    Ba2+¿¿- Green  Put it into the blue
    -Brown gas group 2 nitrate
    flame of the Bunsen
    burner
    Additional of acid : test for carbonate and Carbonate
    hydrogencarbonate Observation Inferences
    Observation Interference Turns limewater milky
    o Bubbles o G1 – It is a -Drops of water -Group 1
     Turns carbonate or condense on upper hydrogencarbonate
    limewater hydrogencarbona part of the tube
    milky te -No water produced -Group 2 carbonate or
     G2 - It is a Lithium carbonate
    carbonate

    Observation
    Relight is glowing splinter
    Ignites with a ‘pop’ sound

    Test for an OH group Observation Interference


    Add a small piece of sodium to the unknown in  Bubbles  It contain
    an evaporating basin.  Sodium OH group
    disappear/Na
    Add PCl5 disappears
    o Steamy fume
    o Litmus goes red
    Oxidation Alcohol
    Test Observation Inferences
     Add dilute sulphuric acid o The Orange solution  Primary to
     Aqueous Potassium Dichromate turns Green secondary
    (VI) o The solution remain alcohol
     Warm the mixture in a beaker of Orange  Tertiary alcohol
    hot water
    Tests for halogenoalkanes
    Test Observation Inferences
    Shake a few drops of unknown Two layers form
    with water
    Dilute nitric acid White precipitate H contains C-Cl group
    Sliver nitrate Cream precipitate H contains C-Br group
    Yellow precipitate H contains C-I group

    Adding ammonia solution to The precipitate Soluble in dilute AgCl – chloroalkane


    precipitate ammonia AgBr -bromoalkane
    Insoluble in dilute ammonia but AgI - iodoalkane
    Soluble in concentrate
    ammonia
    Not soluble in concentrated
    ammonia

    You might also like