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For carrying Short Circuit Test on Power Transformer Do the following: 

1] Isolate the Power Transformer from service. 


2] Remove HV/LV Jumps and Disconnect Neutral from Earth/Ground. 
3] Short LV Phases by Cu/Al plate which could withstand short circuit current and connect these short
circuited terminals to Neutral 
4] Energise HV side by LV supply (440 3ph Supply) with OLTC tap position on Normal. 
5] Measure Current in Neutral, LV line voltages, HV Volatage and HV Line Currents on various OLTC
Tap position. 

Analysis: 
If Neutral current is near to zero transformer windings are OK 
If Neutral current is higher or equal to Line current between LV Phase one of the winding is Open.

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more: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_do_you_carry_out_short_circuit_test_on_power_transformers
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