Before you study

(tense) (time) . , <

> <> <> 12 .

I study

I studied

I will study

I am studying

I was studying

I will be studying

I have studied

I had studied

I will have studied

I have been studying

I had been studying

I will have been studying

Unit

11

A
(tense) (time) .
.

He has a talent for music.

Now watch-I put this egg in this hat.

Bill drinks heavily.

Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.

a. . b. -- . c. . d. . / talent
/ consist of ~ / hydrogen / oxygen

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B
.
1. <>

:
() , ( go,
come), (start, leave, arrive, return),
(begin, open, end, finish)
.

My plane leaves in an hour.

Ill talk to them when I meet them.
Hell do it if you pay him.

-
.
2 <>

I hear youre moving.

I forget Marys phone number.

say, hear, be told, learn forget,

understand
.
.

a. 1 . b. . c. . d.
. e. . / move

Grammar Plus
<>
1

will .

If you will join us, we will all be happy. ( .)

2

<> .

I dont know when the book will come out. <> ( .)

The time will come when you will understand it. <> ( .)
3

.
.

I will take the first bus that comes. <> ( .)

I hope he is on time. <> ( .)

Exercise 01
.

1. He lives in this apartment.

2. I will wait here till he comes.
3. If it rains tomorrow, well stay at home.
4. Grace says you told her to come over here.
5. We start tomorrow morning.

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Unit

12

A
.

God created all things on earth.

I belonged to the party.

He often asked me odd questions.

cf. used to
would . (|| Unit 21 B)

cf. He used to[would] asked me odd

questions.
I never heard him laugh.

= I have never heard him laugh. .

ever, never
.

a. . b. . c. . d. . / create
/ odd ,

B
1

She arrived after all the guests (had) left.

All the guests (had) left before she came.

I didnt know you were there.

If she were dressed in white, she might look

1 ()

,

.
2

3 <> < > .

(|| Unit 25)

quite pretty.
a. . b. . c. . d.
.

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More Examples

1

: .

I thought she was right. ( .)

2

: .

I think she was right. ( .)

Exercise 02
.

1. They usually visited the place Sunday afternoons.

2. He arrived after I did.
3. Did you ever see such a beautiful butterfly?
4. The Iraq War broke out in 2003.
5. If I were you, I wouldnt do that.

Unit

13

A willshall
<will[shall]+v> .
1

I will be seventeen next birthday.

You will feel better after a rest.

.~
will
.

Will it be very cold tonight?

I will wait until he comes.

Shall I call you a taxi?

.
.
: will .

Shall I~? ~?

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Will you sell your car to him?

Will you~? ~? <

>
a. . b. . c. ? d. . e.
? f. ? < > / ? <>

Grammar Plus

()

I will~

(I) ()

(You) ()

Shall I~? (~?)

( ~)

You will~

Will you~?
*(You shall)

2
(~)

(~?)<>

He will~
*(He shall)

*(Shall he~?)

(~)
*2 3 shall .

B willshall
Look at those black clouds. Its going to
rain.

be going to-v: ~ , ~
<>, <>

I was about to call her when she came.

be about to-v: ~
= be just going to-v, be on the point of v-ing

The Party Convention is to be held in July.

be to-v: ~
< >
(|| Unit 37 B)

Mr. Bell is due to make a speech tonight.

be due to-v: ~
= be scheduled to-v

Next Christmas falls on a Friday.

: ~, ~
timetable, program, calendar
< >

a. . . b. . c. 7 . d.
. e. . / party ; , / convention ( ) , / fall on ( ) ~

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Exercise 03
.

1. You are able to catch the last train. (will)

2. I want you to allow me to call you later. (shall: )
3. She resigns at the end of next month. (be due to)
4. The sun sinks in the west. (be about to)
5. He is a doctor to cure patients who have heart diseases. (be going to)

Unit

14

A
<be+v-ing> , .
.

What are you doing now?

cf. What do you do?
I am getting up at 7 this week.
cf. I get up at 7 every morning.
Mary is always acting foolishly.

cf. ( )
[ ]
cf.

always, forever, constantly

.

My aunt is coming soon.

< >

When you get home, Ill be flying over the

<will be v-ing>
< >
< > .

Pacific.

a. ? cf. ? b. 7 . cf. 7 . c.
. d. . e. .

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B
<> <> .

I think they are coming.

[am thinking]

He loves Clara very much.

[is loving]

I have quite a lot to say.

[am having]

I hear a strange sound.

[am hearing]

He resembles his father closely.

[is resembling]

<> : know,

remember, doubt(), think

<> : like, love,
hate
<> : have, belong,
consist(), contain()
< > : see, hear,

smell, taste, feel

: be, resemble(), differ
(), want, lack()

a. . b. [ ]. c. . d. . e.
.

Grammar Plus

.
1

be, think < >

He is being very polite today. ( .)

She was thinking what to do next. ( .)
2

have eat spend

He came in when I was having lunch.<have = eat> ( .)

They are having a good time. <have = spend> ( .)
3

What are you looking at? < > ( ?)

I was listening but heard nothing. < > ( .)
The cook was tasting the soup. < > ( .)

Exercise 04
.

1. Im smelling gas.
2. When are you leaving?
3. Who is this house belonging to?
4. You are continually making poor excuses.
5. What are you doing? -I work for an IT company.

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