Svante Arrhenius - a scientist who provided the first written explanation of why the Earth's surface is as warm as it is and

suggested that thinking of the Earth's atmosphere as a greenhouse was useful. Robert Cess - a professor widely recognized as providing an understanding of how water vapor, carbon dioxide, and clouds influence the radiation budget. Jule Charney - considered the father of numerical weather prediction. His contributions to planetary wave theories provide the modern-day dynamical foundation for understanding general circulation and weather forecasting. Marie Curie - a famous scientist best known for her discovery of radioactivity, and was also the first woman to win a Nobel prize. Albert Einstein - showed that light could also be described as particles that carry energy from one place to another. Benjamin Franklin - researched that white cloth absorbs less sunlight than dark cloth and suggested that people should wear light colors to keep cool in the summer. Samuel Pierpont Langley - the third secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, developed one of the first instruments which measured the amount of energy radiated by the Sun. James Clerk Maxwell - showed that light was made of alternating electric and magnetic fields and that light, radio and television waves were the same kind of natural phenomenon. Max Planck - provided a theory that can be used to calculate how much light energy an object emits at a given temperature. Roger Revelle - an oceanographer who determined that the oceans could not continue to absorb carbon dioxide from burning oil and coal. Such practices would increase the greenhouse effect. Karl Schwarzschild - an astronomer who demonstrated that light flowing through the outer layers of the Sun determines the temperature there - laying the ground work for remote sensing the Earth's atmosphere and for understanding temperatures in the stratosphere.