ABSTRACT In this lab, our group is requested to design and build an experiment which is called market boiler.

The objective of this experiment is to analyze the relationship between the pressure and temperature of saturated steam in equilibrium with water. Other than that we also have to analyze the vapor pressure curve. For our experiment, we use the important equipment to doing our lab which is HE169 Marcet Boiler. INTRODUCTION Thermodynamics is defined as a study related to the transfer of heat and work between a system and its surrounding, undergoing a process causing any of the properties of the system change. An ideal gas obeys the equation of state that relates the pressure, specific volume or density, and absolute temperature with mass of molecule and the gas constant, R.

PV =

mRT M

However, real gas does not absolutely obey the equation of state. A few changes on the ideal gas equation of state allow its application in the properties of real gas. When energy increases within water, the increasing of activities among the molecules enables the increase in the number of molecule escape from the surface until an equilibrium state is reached. The state of equilibrium depends on the pressure between the water surface and steam. At lower pressure, the molecules become easier leaving the water surface while less energy required in achieving the state of equilibrium (boiling point). The temperature where equilibrium occurs at a given pressure level is called saturated temperature. The Marcet Boiler is used to investigate the relationship between the pressure and temperature of saturated steam in equilibrium with water at all temperature levels between the atmospheric pressure and 10 bars. The experimental slope (dT/dP)SAT obtained is compared to the theoretical value determined through calculation from the steam table. Clausius-Clapeyron states:

Tv fg dT = h fg dP SAT

T (v f v g ) dT = h f hg dP SAT T (v f v g ) Tv g dT = = h fg h fg dP SAT

and hf + hfg = hg hfg = hg - hf

as vg >> vf

in which,

vf = specific volume of saturated liquid vg = specific volume of saturated vapor hf = enthalpy of saturated liquid hg = enthalpy of saturated vapor hfg = latent heat of vaporization