MUSCLE frontalis

MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION ORIGIN INSERTION galea aponeurotica skin of eybrows and nose frontal and maxillary bone fibers of other mouth muscles pectoralis and deltoid fascia skin of eyelid muscles and skin at angle of the mouth lower border of the mandible, mouth skin and muscle

ACTION raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead skin blinking, squinting, forceful closing of eyelids closes and protrudes lips depresses mandible, draws angle of mouth downward, tightens skin of the neck

orbicularis oculi orbicularis oris platysma

MUSCLE masseter temporalis

MUSCLES OF MASTICATION ORIGIN INSERTION zygomatic arch mandible temporal fossa of the temporal bone

ACTION elevates mandible

coronoid process of the elevates and retracts mandible mandible

MUSCLE Sternocleidomastoid

MUSCLES OF THE NECK ORIGIN INSERTION manubrium of sternum mastoid process of the and medial clavicle temporal bone

ACTION both muscles acting together flex cervical vertebral column, acting alone rotates head to the opposite side

MUSCLE pectoralis minor external intercostals internal intercostals serratus anterior

MUSCLES OF THE THORACIC WALL ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION ribs 3-5 coracoid process of the depresses and pulls scapula scapula anteriorly inferior border of ribs superior border of ribs elevate and expand rib cage superior border of ribs inferior border of ribs depress rib cage ribs vertebral border of the scapula draws scapula forward along thoracic wall, rotates scapula

MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL MUSCLE external abdominal oblique ORIGIN lower eight ribs INSERTION ACTION linea alba, aponeurosis compresses abdominal of the external contents, assists in abdominal oblique flexion and rotation of vertebral column linea alba, aponeurosis same as external of internal abdominal abdominal oblique oblique ribs and xiphoid process flexes vertebral column, compresses abdominal contents

internal abdominal oblique rectus abdominis

lumbodorsal fascia, iliac crest pubic crest and pubic symphysis

MUSCLES OF THE PECTORAL GIRDLE MUSCLE trapezius ORIGIN INSERTION occipital bone, cervical lateral 1/3 of clavicle and thoracic vertebrae and scapular spine and acromion clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula deltoid tuberosity of the humerus ACTION elevates, depresses, rotates, adducts scapula abducts; flexes and medially rotates; extends and laterally rotates arm extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

deltoid

latissimus dorsi

lumbodorsal fascia via thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, ilium sternum, clavicle, and ribs

intertubercular groove of the humerus

pectoralis major

greater tubercle and along intertubercular groove of the humerus

flexes, medially rotates, and adducts arm

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SCAPULA MUSCLE levator scapula rhomboid major and minor supraspinatus infraspinatus teres major teres minor ORIGIN INSERTION transverse processes of superior angle and cervical vertebrae vertebral border of the scapula spinous processes of vertebral border of the thoracic vertebrae scapula supraspinous fossa of the scapula infraspinous fossa of the scapula inferior angle of scapula lateral border of scapula subscapular fossa of the scapula greater tubercle of the humerus greater tubercle of the humerus lesser tubercle of the humerus greater tubercle of the humerus lesser tubercle of the humerus ACTION elevates scapula adducts, rotates scapula arm abduction laterally rotates arm adducts, extends and medially rotates arm laterally rotates arm

subscapularis

medially rotates arm

MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE ARM MUSCLE biceps brachii long head short head brachialis coracobrachialis ORIGIN supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula coracoid process of the scapula anterior humerus coronoid process of the flexes forearm ulna flexes arm INSERTION radial tuberosity of the radius ACTION flexes arm and forearm, supinates forearm

coracoid process of the medial humerus scapula

MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE ARM MUSCLE triceps brachii long head lateral head medial head ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION extends arm and forearm forearm extension forearm extension

infraglenoid tubercle of olecranon process of the scapula the ulna posterior humerus olecranon process of the ulna posterior humerus olecranon process of the ulna

MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE FOREARM MUSCLE pronator teres flexor carpi radialis palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris flexor digitorum superficialis flexor digitorum profundus flexor pollicis longus pronator quadratus ORIGIN medial epicondyle of the humerus medial epicondyle of the humerus medial epicondyle of the humerus medial epicondyle of the humerus medial epicondyle of the humerus ulna and interosseus membrane anterior radius and interosseus membrane distal and anterior ulnar shaft INSERTION radius metacarpals palmar aponeurosis ACTION pronates forearm flexes and abducts hand flexes hand

carpal and metacarpals flexes and adducts hand middle phalanges 2nd flexes phalanges to 5th digit distal phalanges 2nd to 5th digit distal phalanx of the thumb distal and anterior radius flexes phalanges flexes thumb pronates forearm, hold radius and ulna together

MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE FOREARM MUSCLE brachioradialis extensor carpi radialis longus extensor carpi radialis brevis extensor digitorum extensor carpi ulnaris supinator ORIGIN lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus lateral epicondyle of the humerus lateral epicondyle of the humerus lateral epicondyle of the humerus lateral epicondyle of the humerus INSERTION styloid process of the radius second metacarpal bone third metacarpal ACTION flexes forearm extends and abducts hand extends and abducts hand extends fingers and hand extends and adducts hand supinates forearm abducts and extends thumb extends thumb extends thumb extends index finger extends little finger abducts ulna during pronation; elbow extension

middle and distal phalanges of medial four fingers fifth metacarpal proximal end of radius first metacarpal proximal phalanx of the thumb distal phalanx of the thumb extensor expansion of index finger extensor expansion of the little finger olecranon process of ulna

abductor pollicis posterior radius and longus posterior ulna extensor pollicis brevis radius and posterior ulna extensor pollicis ulna and posterior longus radius extensor indicis posterior ulna extensor digiti minimi anconeus lateral epicondyle of the humerus lateral epicondyle of the humerus

INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE HAND MUSCLE ORIGIN abductor pollicis brevis scaphoid, trapezium opponens pollicis trapezium INSERTION proximal phalanx of the thumb thumb metacarpal ACTION abducts thumb rotates first metacarpal medially, i.e., opposition of the thumb flexes and adducts thumb adducts thumb

flexor pollicis brevis adductor pollicis

trapezium, 1st metacarpal capitate, 2nd and 3rd metacarpal

proximal phalanx of thumb proximal phalanx of the thumb

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH MUSCLE iliopsoas ORIGIN iliac fossa, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae anterior superior iliac spine INSERTION ACTION lesser trochanter of the flexes hip femur

sartorius

medial tibia

flexes, laterally rotates thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg at the knee rectus femoris only flexes thigh at hip all four - extends leg at knee

quadriceps femoris rectus femoris vastus lateralis vastus medialis vastus intermedius pectineus tensor fascia latae

all four: anterior inferior iliac spine greater trochanter of the femur linea aspera shaft of the femur superior ramus of pubis anterior superior iliac spine, iliac crest linea aspera of femur iliotibial tract flexes, adducts thigh flexes and abducts thigh via quadriceps tendon into patella, then ligamentum patellae onto tibial tuberosity of the tibia

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE MEDIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH MUSCLE gracilis adductor longus adductor brevis adductor magnus ORIGIN inferior ramus and body of the pubis pubis INSERTION medial surface of tibia linea aspera of femur ACTION adducts thigh at hip; flexes leg at knee adducts and flexes thigh at hip adducts thigh at hip adducts and flexes thigh at hip

body and inferior lineas aspera of femur ramus of the pubis inferior ramus of pubis lineas aspera of femur and ischium, ischial tuberosity

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE GLUTEAL REGION AND POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH MUSCLE gluteus maximus gluteus medius biceps femoris long head short head semitendinosus semimembranosus gluteus minimis piriformis quadratus femoris ORIGIN posterior ilium, sacrum, and coccyx lateral ilium INSERTION iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur greater trochanter of the femur head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia ACTION extends and laterally rotates hip abducts thigh at hip

ischial tuberosity linea aspera ischial tuberosity ischial tuberosity external surface of ilium lateral surface of ilium ischial tuberosity

flexes and laterally rotates leg at knee long head only extends thigh at hip medial tibia extends thigh at hip; flexes and medially rotates leg at knee medial condyle of tibia extends thigh at hip; flexes and medially rotates leg at knee greater trochanter of abducts and medially femur rotates thigh greater trochanter of rotates and extends femur thigh laterally, abducts thigh intertrochanteric crest rotates thigh laterally of femur

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG MUSCLE tibialis anterior ORIGIN lateral condyle of tibia INSERTION cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal distal phalanx of great toe phalanges of toes 2-5 fifth metatarsal ACTION dorsiflexes and inverts the foot; extends toe dorsiflexes and inverts foot; extends big toe dorsiflexes foot and extends toes dorsiflexes and everts foot

extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorum longus fibularis (peroneus) tertius

anterior fibula, interosseous membrane lateral condyle of tibia, proximal fibula, interosseous membrane anterior fibula, interosseous membrane

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE LATERAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG MUSCLE fibularis (peroneus) longus fibularis (peroneus) brevis ORIGIN head of fibula distal fibula INSERTION cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal fifth metatarsal ACTION plantar flexes and everts foot plantar flexes and everts foot

MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG MUSCLE gastrocnemius soleus flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus ORIGIN lateral and medial condyle of the femur INSERTION calcaneus ACTION plantar flexes the foot, weak flexor of leg at knee plantar flexes the foot

proximal tibia, calcaneus proximal fibula, interosseous membrane posterior tibia distal phalanges lateral plantar flexes and four toes inverts foot; flexes toes middle shaft of fibula distal phalanx great toe plantar flexes and inverts foot; flexes great toe navicular bone plantar flexes and inverts foot

tibialis posterior

tibia and fibula