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N
Load
MSP430F449
ADC12
V1
V2
V3
I1
I2
I3
XT1
XT2
32768 Hz
L1
CT1
V1
L2
CT2
V2
L3
CT3
V3








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LINE1
LINE2
LINE3
ferrite
L1
ferrite
L2
ferrite
L3
4 mH
L4
V_N
V_P3
V_P2
V_P1
V
Z
1
U
V
Z
2
U
V
Z
3
U
680 5 W
R43
680 5 W
R44
680 5 W
R45
C25
330 nF
C26
330 nF
C27
330 nF
D12
D13
D14
D1
D5
D11
V
supply
V
CC
C21
2
2
0
0

F
C24
100 nF
C23
22 F
C22
100 nF
D16
9 V
IN
EN
NC/FB
GND
OUT
IC2 TPS76333
1
3
4
2
5
1N4148

V
CC
V1
R2 1 kW
D8
R42 100 W
R20 15 kW
R41 10 kW
R46 3 MW R47 2 MW R48 2 MW
C29 1 F
C28 100 nF
LINE1

















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V
CC
R71 160 kW
R74
10 kW
R21 1 kW
R21
5 W
C38
100 nF
V
CC
R68
10 kW
R27 1 kW
C39
10 F
IC8B
LM324
C18
100 nF
C20
10 F
R40
5 kW
C19
10 F
5
6
7
2
3
1 13
12
14
P1
1
2
C14
2.2 nF
D4
R28 3.3 kW
IC3D
LM324 IC3A
LM324
V
CC
I1LOW
I1HIGH



























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CCR0
TAR
TACCR1
EQU0
CCIFG
Events
ENC (enable conversion)
ISR
toggle
TA1
Ch A Ch B Ch C Ch D Ch A Time
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
o
n
Sample Sample Sample Sample Sample
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
o
n
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
o
n
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
o
n
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
i
o
n

Original Current Signal
Signals After
Amplification
Block of Ten Samples
After A/D Conversion
The second half of the samples
are used because of saturation
in the higher gain output.
The first half of the samples
are used. The second half of
the samples are rejected.
ADC input range
upper and lower limits
Gain = 1
Gain = 3
A/D
Converter












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Timer_A0 interrupt
Generate
dithering signal
Read current and
voltage for
all three phases
For each phase:
Remove dc component
Correct phase error
from voltage
Calculate and
accumulate
instantaneous power
and RMS values

One second of
energy calculated?
No
Yes
Store readings and
notify foreground
All three phases
complete?
Power pulse
generation
RETI
No
Yes






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sample counter
ADC12
trigger
Timer_A0 PWM
selector
Z
1
Z + fractional phase delay
1
dc removal filter
S I
rms
P
active
V
rms
P
peactive
1 second
of cycles?
system status flag
signal clip counters
cycle begin? ++ cycle counter
X
2
X
2
X
X
S
S
S
i
v
dc removal filter
Z
1
Z + fractional phase delay
1
Z
1
Z
1
dc removal filter
I
1[n] high gain
I
1[n] low gain
V
1[n]
I
2[n] high gain
I
2[n] low gain
V
2[n]
I
3[n] high gain
I
3[n] low gain
V
3[n]
N
[n]
V
I
high gain
I
low gain























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Good samples
Linear interpolation
Noise-corrupted samples































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V Z
1
K
1
X V'
+
+




























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Timer_A0 =
3276.8 Hz
Interrupt
Energy accumulator +
average power
Energy accumulator >
1-kWh threshold?
Energy accumulator
1-kWh threshold
Generate
one pulse
Next stage
Average power in units of 0.01 watts
1-kWh threshold = (power to 100th watt) (number of interrupts per second) (number of seconds per hour)
= 100000 3276.8 3600















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Reset
System hardware
setup
Mains power
off?
LPM0
Wake up
One second of energy
ready from background?
Calculate RMS
values, power,
and frequency
Manage display
No
Yes
Yes
No

I = Scaling factor
ph,rms
samplecount
n = 1
i [n]
ph
2
S
samplecount
V = Scaling factor
ph,rms
samplecount
n = 1
v [n]
ph
2
S
samplecount
ph = 1, 2, or 3







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P =
active,total
3
ph = 1
S
samplecount
Scaling factor
samplecount
n = 1
v [n]
ph
i [n]
ph
S
( (
P =
reactive,total
3
ph = 1
S
samplecount
Scaling factor
samplecount
n = 1
v (90)[n]
ph
i [n]
ph
S
( (
ph = 1, 2, or 3
































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